Tarihin Ginuwar Wasu Al’amuran Siyasar Jam’iyyu a Cikin Rubutun Zuben Hausa Daga 1950-2023 (Shafukan Farko)

Yusuf, J. (2025). Tarihin Ganuwar Wasu Al'amuran Siyasar Jam'iyyu a Cikin Rubutun Zuben Hausa Daga 1950-2023 (Ph.D. Thesis) Department of Nigerian Languages, Usmanu Danfodiyo, Sokoto.

TARIHIN GINUWAR WASU AL’AMURAN SIYASAR JAM’IYYU A CIKIN RUBUTUN ZUBEN HAUSA DAGA 1950-2023

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Jibril Yusuf
Email: yusuf.jibril@kasu.edu.ng
Phone: +2347030399995

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SADAUKARWA

Na sadaukar da wannan aiki ga mahaifana Malam Yusuf Nadabo Musa da Marigayiya Malama Bilkisu Adamu. Allah ya ji ƙanta, ya yafe mata kuraranta, ya sa Aljanna Firdausi ta zama makoma a gare su da mu baki ɗaya, amin.

GODIYA

Dukkan yabo da godiya, sun tabbata ga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki, Mahaliccin kowa da komai, mai yawan kyauta da baiwa, mai bai wa kowa komai, ba shi buƙatar komai a wurin kowa, kowa ne yake da buƙatar komai a wurinsa, wanda ya raya mu, ya nufe mu da kawowa wannan lokaci. Tsira da aminci su ƙara tabbata ga fiyayyen halitta, farin jakada, cikamakin Annabawa, shugabanmu, Annabi Muhammadu (S.A.W) da iyalan gidansa da sahabbansa. Ina ƙara godiya ga Allah (S.W.T) da ya ba ni ikon kammala wannan aiki cikin nasara.

Ina miƙa godiya ta musamman ga jagororin wannan aiki, Farfesa Umar Aliyu Bunza, wanda ya jagoranci duba wannan aikin bincike da Farfesa Abdulbasir Ahmad Atuwo, mai duba aikin na biyu da kuma Farfesa Abubakar Abdullahi na Sashen Kimiyyar Siyasa na Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo, Sakkwato, mai duba aiki na uku, waɗanda suka sadaukar da lokacinsu wajen dubawa, da daidaita aikin bisa turbar da ta dace, ta hanyar ba da shawarwari har zuwa kammaluwar wannan bincike. Allah ya saka musu da mafificin sakamako.

Ina godiya maras iyaka ga dukkan malamaina na Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya a Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo, Sakkwato. Babu shakka, na amfana da koyarwarsu a fannoni daban-daban da kuma taimakonsu wanda shi ya ƙara ba ni ƙarfin guiwa na kai wannan mataki na fagen ilmi. Daga cikin su akwai, Shugaban Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya Farfesa Bello Bala Usman da Farfesa Haruna Abdullahi Birniwa da Farfesa Aliyu Muhammadu Bunza da Farfesa Salisu Ahmed Yakasai da Farfesa Atiku Ahmad Dunfawa da Farfesa Abdulhamid Ɗantumbishi da Farfesa Ibrahim Abdullahi Sarkin Sudan da Farfesa Yakubu Aliyu Gobir da Dokta Abdullahi S. Gulbi da kuma Dokta Nasiru Aminu da Dokta Yahaya Idris da Dokta Dano Balarabe Bunza da Dokta Isah Muhammad da Dokta Nazir Ibrahim Abbas da Dokta Muhammad Mustapha Umar da Dokta Musa Shehu da Dokta Rabi’u Aliyu Rambo da Malam Sama’ila Umar da Malam Jamilu Ibrahim Mukoshy da dukkan ma’aikatan Sashe.

Ina kuma miƙa godiya ga dukkan malamaina na Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya da Kimiyyar Harshe, Jami’ar Jihar Kaduna, musamman Farfesa Ibrahim Malumfashi wanda ya taimaka mani ta fuskoki da dama domin ganin wannan aikin bincike bai samu tangarɗa ba. Haƙiƙa na fa’idantu da dukkan shawarwari da kuma taimakon da ya ba ni, ba ma ga wannan binciken kaɗai ba, har ma da dukkan rayuwata ta ɗalibta. Na gode.

Dole ne in gode wa Jami’ar Jihar Kaduna bisa damar da ta ba ni in yi wannan karatun tare da ɗaukar nauyinsa. Na gode, Allah ya ƙara ɗaukaka jami’ar Jihar Kaduna. Ƙarfafa gwiwa da goyon bayan da na samu daga abokan aikina na Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya da Kimiyyar Harshe ba kaɗan ne ba. Ina miƙa godiyata ga Dokta Alamuna Nuhu da Dokta Rabiu Bashir da Dokta Usman Aliyu da Dokta Aliyu Isah Sulaiman da Dokta Ibrahim Shehu Liman da Dokta Sama’ila Mijinyawa da Malam Abdullahi Mujaheed da Malam Musa Muhammad Sani da sauran su. Allah ya saka masu da alheri, amin!

Ina miƙa godiyata ga mahaifana Malam Yusuf Nadabo Musa da Marigayiya Malama Bilkisu Adamu kan raino da tarbiyya da haƙurin da suka yi ta yi da ni tun daga haihuwata zuwa yau. Na gode.

Ba zan taɓa mantawa da yayana Hamisu Yusuf ba, wanda ya tsaya a matsayin ubana, ya kuma ɗauki ɗawainiyar magance duk wata matsalar da ta tinkaro ni a harkar karatuna. Haƙiƙa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwata ta ɗalibta wanda ba zai yiwu in manta ba. Allah ya saka masa da mafificin sakamako, ya kuma albarkaci zuriyarsa. Wata godiyar zuwa ga yayana Sadisu Yusuf Nadabo, sauran ‘yan uwana, yayye da ƙanne da iyaye waɗanda suka taimaka da shawarwari da addu’o’insu, ina godiya, Allah ya bar zumunci.

Ba zan taɓa yin tuya in manta da albasa ba. Wajibi ne in miƙa ɗimbin godiyata zuwa ga aminina, Buhari Salisu (Coach), wanda ya taimaka ƙwarai da gaske wajen ganin ya share mani hawaye a duk lokacin da wata matsala ta taso min musamman a gida. Na gode, Allah ya bar zumunci.

Har abada ba zan manta da abokan karatuna da muka faro wannan gwagwarmaya a jami’ar Umaru Musa Yar’adua ba, wato Abdullahi Mujaheed da Abdurrahman Aliyu, mun faro tafiyar tare Allah bai ƙaddara za mu kammala tare ba. Allah ya sa mu gudu tare, mu tsira tare, mu shiga aljanna tare. Allah ya saka da alheri ya kuma cika mana burinmu.

Dokta Muhammad Abdullahi Maigari (Al-nassarawy) na Jami’ar Al-Qalam, Katsina, shi ma ba ƙashin yarwa ba ne, kasancewar ya nuna kulawarsa ta hanyar yawaita tuntuɓa ta kan ina aka kwana? Jinjina a gare ka bisa godiya da kulawa. Allah ya bar mu tare, ya kuma bar zumunci ya cika mana burin da muka sanya a gaba, amin. Abokin karatuna Shamsuddeen Isma’il ya taimaka min ta fuskoki da dama a tsawon zamana a jami’ar Usmanu Danfodiyo, Sakkwato. Allah ya saka masa da alheri ya raya zuri’arsa.

Ina miƙa wata dunƙulalliyar godiya ga mai ɗakina Safiya Hamisu (Maman Malam) bisa haƙuri da juriyar rashin zamana a gida da ta yi a dalilin wannan bincike. Alal haƙiƙa ba don haɗin kai da ƙoƙarin kula da gida da yara da ƙarin ƙarfin gwiwar da ta yi ta ba ni ba, wanda hakan ya samar mani da natsuwa, da aikin zai iya samun cikas a kan hanya. Na gode, Allah ya ƙara mana danƙon soyayya ya bar mu tare, ya kuma raya mana zuri’armu bisa kyakkyawar tafarki. ‘Ya’yana, Ibrahim (Malam) da Ruƙayya, sun nuna juriya da haƙurin rashin ganina a gida a yayin gudanar da wannan bincike. Na gode maku, Allah ya maku albarka, ya sa ku zama masu jin ƙai a gare mu da al’ummar Musulmi baki ɗaya.

A ƙarshe, ina rufewa da gode wa duk waɗanda suka taimaka wajen ganin kammaluwar karatun nan ta kowace fuska, walau da kuɗinsu ko tunaninsu ko iliminsu ko ƙarfinsu ko addu’o’insu, waɗanda na ambata da ma waɗanda ban iya ambaton su ba, hakan ba yana nuna cewa na manta da su ne ba. Na gode, Allah ya saka wa kowa da alheri, amin.

ƘUNSHIYA

TITLE PAGE i

SADAUKARWA ii

CERTIFICATION iii

GODIYA iv

ƘUNSHIYA viii

ABSTRACT xiii

TSAKURE xiv

BABI NA ƊAYA 1

GABATARWA 1

1.0 Shimfiɗa 1

1.1 Dalilin Bincike 3

1.2 Manufar Bincike 3

1.3 Muhimmancin Bincike 4

1.4 Farfajiyar Bincike 5

1.5 Tambayoyin Bincike 5

1.6 Naɗewa 6

BABI NA BIYU 7

BITAR AYYUKAN DA SUKA GABATA 7

2.0 Shimfiɗa 7

2.1 Kundayen Bincike 7

2.1.1 Kundayen Digiri Na Uku 7

2.1.2 Kundayen Binciken Digiri Na Biyu 11

2.1.3 Kundayen Binciken Digiri Na Ɗaya 19

2.2 Maƙalu 21

2.2.1 Bugaggun Maƙalu 21

2.2.2 Maƙalu Da Ba A Buga Ba 27

2.3 Bugaggun Littattafai 31

2.4 Bayanan Intanet 36

2.5 Hujjar Ci Gaba Da Bincike 38

2.6 Naɗewa 39

BABI NA UKU 40

HANYOYIN GUDANAR DA BINCIKE 40

3.0 Shimfiɗa 40

3.1 Hanyoyin Tattara Bayanai 40

3.2 Manyan Hanyoyin Tattara Bayanai 40

3.2.1 Bibiyar Tarihi Da Karance-Karance Kan Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Zube 40

3.2.2 Hira Da Masana Da ‘Yan Siyasa 41

3.3 Ƙananan Hanyoyin Tattara Bayanai 41

3.3.1 Ziyara Zuwa Ɗakunan Ajiyar Littattafai Domin Nazari 41

3.3.2 Amfani Da Na’urorin Zamani 42

3.4 Ra’in Bincike 42

3.5 Naɗewa 46

BABI NA HUƊU 47

SIYASA A RUBUTACCEN ADABIN HAUSA 47

4.0 Shimfiɗa 47

4.1 Ma’anar siyasa 47

4.2 Samuwar Siyasar Zamani ga Hausawa 51

4.2.1 Siyasar Addini 51

4.2.2 Siyasar Jam’iyya 53

4.3 Ma’ana da samuwar Rubutaccen Adabi Hausa 65

4.4 Ma’ana da Samuwar Rubutaccen Adabin Siyasa 66

4.4.1 Rubutattun Waƙoƙin Siyasa 67

4.4.2 Rubutaccen Zube na Siyasa 69

4.4.3 Rubutaccen Wasan Kwaikwayo na Siyasa 74

4.5 Dalilan da suka Haifar da Ƙamfar wasu Ɓangarori na Rubutaccen Adabin Siyasa 75

4.5.1 Tasirin Ilimin Addinin Musulunci 76

4.5.2 Mulkin Soja 77

4.5.3 Ɓullowar Finafinan Ƙasashen Waje 79

4.5.4 Tasirin Soyayya 80

4.5.5 Ƙarancin Ilimin Siyasa Ga Matasa 81

4.6 Dangantakar Siyasar Addini da Siyasar Jam’iyya 82

4.6.1 Muhimmancin Ilimi a cikin Siyasar Jam’iyyu 89

4.6.2 Aƙidu Da Matsayinsu A Fagen Siyasar Jam’iyyu 85

4.6.3 Danganta ‘Yan Siyasa Da Masu Mulki da Manyan Madogaran Addinin Musulunci 97

4.6.4 Amfani da Daraja ko Matsayi wajen Tallata Ɗan Takara 106

4.7 Tallata ‘Yan Siyasa Da Ɗaukaka Ko Martabar Shugabannin Siyasa 112

4.8 Matsayin Mata a Cikin Siyasar Jam’iyyu 117

4.9 Takura wa Abokan Hamayya 129

4.10 Yarfe ga Abokan Hamayyar Siyasa 144

4.10.1 Yarfe na Addini 148

4.10.2 Yarfe na Ƙima/Halaye 154

4.10.3 Yarfe na Tafiyar da Shugabanci 163

4.11 Naɗewa 167

BABI NA BIYAR 169

SIYASAR Jam’iyyu DA CIGABAN AL’UMMA DAGA CIKIN RUBUTACCEN ADABIN HAUSA 169

5.0 Shimfiɗa 169

5.1Manufar Siyasar Jam’iyyu 169

5.1.1 Samar da Walwala ga ‘Yan Ƙasa 175

5.1.2 Wadata ‘Yan Ƙasa 181

5.1.3 Sama wa Ƙasa da ‘Yan Ƙasa ‘Yanci 183

5.1.4 Samar da Tsaro 190

5.2 Gwagwarmayar Samun Cigaban Al’umma a Siyasance 193

5.2.1 Kafuwar Jam’iyyu 194

5.2.2 Tallata Jam’iyyu 196

5.2.3 Tallata ‘Yan Takara 201

5.2.4 Yaƙin Neman Zaɓe 210

5.2.5 Rarrashin Jama’a 217

5.2.6 Sauya Sheƙa 220

5.2.7 Haɗakar jam’iyyu 231

5.2.8 A-Kasa-A-Tsare 237

5.3 Abubuwan da suke kawo Cikas ga Samun Cigaba 243

5.3.1 Alƙawarin Ƙarya 244

5.3.2 Maguɗin Zaɓe 250

5.3.3 Sayen Ƙuri’a 264

5.3.4 Angulu da Kan Zabo 269

5.3.5 Bangar Siyasa 272

5.3.6 Zuba Jari a Siyasa 282

5.3.7 Siyasar Ubangida 287

5.3.8 Amfani da Kuɗi 293

5.3.9 Amfani da Malaman Addini 299

5.3.10 Barazana ga Ma’aikatan Gwamnati 307

5.3.11 Fankama 311

5.4 Dangantaka Tsakanin Masu Mulki da Waɗanda ake Mulka 317

5.4.1 Yadda Talakawa suke kallon ‘Yan Siyasa 318

5.4.1.1 Maƙaryata 319

5.4.1.2 Mayaudara 321

5.4.1.3 Azzalumai 327

5.4.1.4 Maciya Amana 330

5.4.2 Yadda Masu Mulki da ‘Yan Siyasa suke Kallon Talakawa 333

5.4.2.1 Makwaɗaita 333

5.4.2.2 Matalauta 337

5.4.2.3 Wawaye 339

5.4.2.4 Cima-zaune 342

5.5 Naɗewa 344

BABI NA SHIDA 346

KAMMALAWA 346

6.0 Shimfiɗa 346

6.1 Taƙaitawa 346

6.2 Sakamakon Bincike 350

6.3 Shawarwari 351

6.4 Naɗewa 352

MANAZARTA… 353

HIRA DA TATTAUNAWA 367

RATAYE NA 1 368

RATAYE NA 2 368

ABSTRACT

This research, titled “Historical Development Of Party Politics From Hausa Written Prose, 1950 – 2023”, is an effort to study the historical development of party politics in Northern Nigeria. The study examines how various political developments have evolved historically, from 1950 to 2023, as reflected in Hausa written prose. The motivation for conducting this research arose from observing the different political eras that authors of prose have documented, which highlight the dynamics of party politics. This prompted a review of works such as newspaper articles, letters, political speeches, and fictional narratives to uncover themes related to the history of political parties. The aim of the research is to understand how party politics developed over time and the role that literary works have played in preserving the history of politics while contributing to national and societal progress. To enrich the research, consultations were made with experts and politicians. However, the data obtained from them was insufficient, necessitating visits to libraries, research institutions, and internet sources for further information. The research employs the Historicism Theory framework, ultimately uncovering that many contemporary political events in Northern Nigeria have their roots in the early days of party politics. However, some changes have occurred over time due to evolving circumstances. Additionally, the study identifies certain political approaches that promote societal progress and others that hinder it. The research provides insights into how past political events have shaped the current state of politics and societal development in Northern Nigeria.

TSAKURE

Wannan bincike mai taken, “Tarihin Ginuwar Wasu Al’amuran Siyasar Jam’iyyu A Cikin Rubutun Zuben Hausa Daga 1950-2023” wani yunƙuri ne na nazarin tarihin ginuwar siyasar jam’iyyu a Arewacin Nijeriya. A wannan binciken an yi nazarin yadda wasu al’amuran siyasa suka ginu a cikin tarihi, tun daga shekarar 1950 zuwa 2023 daga cikin rubutaccen zuben Hausa. Tunanin gudanar da wannan bincike ya taso ne duba da yadda aka ratsa wasu zamunnan siyasa mabambanta, waɗanda marubutan zube suka samar da rubuce-rubuce da suke ɗauke da hoton siyasar jam’iyyu a cikinsu. Wannan ya sa aka ga dacewar lalubo ire-iren waɗannan ayyukan da suka shafi jaridu da wasiƙu da jawaban siyasa da ƙagaggun labarai domin fito da wasu batutuwan tarihin siyasar jam’iyyu. Manufar binciken ita ce ƙoƙarin gano yadda siyasar jam’iyyu ta ginu a cikin tarihi, da kuma irin gudummuwar da ayyukan adabi suka bayar wajen adana tarihin siyasar da cigaban ƙasa da kuma al’umma. Domin inganta binciken an tuntuɓi masana da ‘yan siyasa, bayanan da aka samu a daga gare su ba su wadatar ba sai da aka ziyarci ɗakunan karatu da cibiyoyin bincike da shafukan intanet domin neman ƙarin bayanai. Ra’in Tarihanci (Historicism Theory) ne aka gudanar aikin a kansa, wanda daga ƙarshe binciken ya gano wasu abubuwan da suke faruwa cikin al’amuran siyasar Arewacin Nijeriya a yau, sun samo asali ne tun daga farkon siyasar jam’iyyu, sai dai ‘yan sauye-sauye da aka riƙa samu saboda sauyawar zamani. Haka kuma binciken ya gano waɗansu hanyoyi da ake bi a siyasance domin samar da ci gaban al’umma da kuma abubuwan da suke sawa a rasa wannan cigaban a cikin siyasa. Binciken ya ba da damar sanin me jiya ta haifar da halin da ake ciki a yau a fagen siyasa da cigaban al’ummar Arewacin Nijeriya