Gudunmuwar Fesbuk Ga Gyaran Al’umma

Citation: Mukoshy, J.I. and Abubakar, B. (2024). Gudunmuwar Fesbuk ga Gyaran Al’umma. Ginshiƙin Nazarin Salon Waƙoƙin Hausa, 397-405 www.doi.org/10.36349/djhs.2024.v03i01.050.

GUDUNMUWAR FESBUK GA GYARAN AL’UMMA

Jamilu Ibrahim Mukoshy
Department of Nigerian Languages
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto

Bashar Abubakar
Shiyar Magaji, Tangaza Local Government Area, Sokoto State

Abstract: This paper is aimed at identifying the dynamics of imparting moral uprightness in the society through Facebook. Considering the fact that, social media Technologies are today taken as avenues of immorality, including Facebook. On the contrary, this paper argues that the good side of Facebook cannot be overemphasized. There are numerous Facebook groups that are aimed at moral upbringing. The paper identifies different forms in which social media messages are broadcasted on Facebook, including text, audio, video, and pictures. In all these categories, information is spread on morality and uprightness to numerous group members. The paper concludes that Facebook groups play important roles in disseminating impactful messages to the society

Fitilun Kalmomi: Kafofin Sadarwa, Fesbuk, Gyara, Al’umma, Tarbiyya

Gabatarwa

Fesbuk ɗaya ce daga cikin kafofin sadarwa na zamani. Tana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na walwala (social network sites). Tarihi ya nuna cewa an samar da Fesbuk tun a shekarar 2005 (Mukoshy, 2015). Tun lokacin da aka samar da wannan shafin jama’a da dama, maza da mata, yara da manya suna amfani da shafin wajen gudanar da hira da tattaunawa da musayar ra’ayoyi a cikin harshen Hausa. Tun daga wannan lokaci, masana da manazarta sun shiga aiwatar da bincike-bincike da ayyuka da dama a kan wannan kafa. Galibi ayyukan sun fi mayar da hankali ga illoli da matsaloin kafafen sadarwa na walwala, duk da yake waɗannan kafafe suna da amfani ga rayukan al’umma. A kan haka, wannan takarda ta bibiyi kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk domin lalubo wani sashe na amfaninta ga al’umma. Bayan bitar ayyuka muhimmai masu alaƙa da wannan bincike, takardar ta yi bayani a kan tarbiyya da hanyoyin bayar da ita. Bugu da ƙari, takardar ta yi bayani a kan sadarwa, ta hanyar bayar da ma’anar sadarwa da alaƙar sadarwa da tarbiyya. A ƙarshe, maƙalar ta yi bayani a kan wasu saƙonni da suke kai-komo a wayoyin salular Hausawa waɗanda dukkaninsu na gyaran tarbiyya ne.

1.1 Bitar Ayyuka Masu Alaƙa da Wannan Bincike

Kawo yau, masana da manazarta sun ba ga gudunmuwarsu ta hanyoyin daban-daban a kan abubuwan da suka shafi intanet. Wasu fitaccin ayyuka da sun haɗa da Umar (2012) ya gudanar da bincike a kan Saƙonnin GSM a Wayar Salular Hausawa. Yayin da Muksohy (2015) ya yi bitar keɓaɓɓun kalmomin intanet da amfaninsu a nazarin Hausa. Sani (2021) ya yi bincike a kan tasirin zamani a kan al’adun Hausawa a duniyar intanet. A wani aiki na Sani da wasu (2022) sun kalli tasirin kafafen sada zumunta ga tashintashinar Jihar Zamfara. Haka kuma, aikin Makuwana (2011) ya waiwayi yaɗuwar harshen Hausa cikin intanet. Shi kuwa Sani (2015) ya yi nazari a kan yadda ake saɓa ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa a Facebook. Muhammad (2004) ya bitar tasirin shirin game duniya (globalization) kan harshen Hausa, yayin da Almajir (2008) ya yi aiki a kan harshen Hausa da matsayinsa a hanyar sadarwar ta intanet. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ayyukan da aka gudanar masu alaƙa da bayar da tarbiyya. Daga cikinsu an ci karo da aikin Giwa (2012) wanda aka yi a kan gurbin tarbiyya a cikin tatsuniyoyin Hausa. Sai aikin Yahaya (2018) wanda ya kalli karin maganganun Hausa a matsayinsu na makarantar tarbiyyar Hausawa manya da ƙanana. Shi kuwa Ahmad (2013) ya gudanar da bincike a kan tasirin wayar salula ga taɓarɓarewar tarbiyyar ‘ya’yan Hausawa”.

1.2 Tarbiyya da Hanyoyin Bayar da ita ga Bahaushe

Dangane da ma’anar ‘tarbiyya’, Bargery (1993:553) ya nuna cewa, “tarbiyya ita ce ilmi ko horo zuwa ga ɗabi’u nagartattu”. Alhassan da wasu (1982:5) sun bayyana tarbiyya da cewa, “tarbiyya ita ce renon halayen abin da aka haifa domin ya zama nagari kuma ya iya kama kansa idan ya girma”. Bugu da ƙari, Sa’id da wasu (editoci) a Ƙamusun Hausana Jami’ar Bayero (2006:425) sun bayyana tarbiyya da “koyar da hali nagari”.

Waɗannan ma’anonin suna da alaƙa da juna domin dukkansu sun nuna cewa tarbiyya ta shafi reno ko horo ga kyawawan ɗabi’u da hani ga akasinsu. Bahaushe yana da sanannun hanyoyin bayar da tarbiyya na kansa, waɗanda kuma su ne na gargajiya. Muhimmai daga cikin hanyoyin na gargajiya su ne (a) Tatsuniya (b) Waƙe-waƙe (c) Iyaye da dangi, (Yahaya, da wasu 2007).

1.3 Hanyoyin Bayar Da Tarbiyya Na Zamani

A dalilin cuɗanya da baƙin al’ummu, Hausawa sun samu sababbin hanyoyin bayar da tarbiyya waɗanda ake kallo a matsayin hanyoyin bayar da tarbiyya na zamani. Fitattu daga cikinsu su ne makaranta da kafafen yaɗa labarai da kuma intanet. Ga ƙarin bayani a kan su:

1. Makaranta: Babban reshe ne da ake koyon tarbiyya a duniya baki ɗaya. A Ƙamusun Hausa na Jami’ar Bayero na Sa’id da wasu (editoci) (2006:322) an bayyana cewa: “Makaranta wuri ne da ake koyon ilmi”. Shi kuma ilmi Hausawa suna yi masa kirari da cewa: “Shi ne gishirin zaman duniya”. Muhimmancin ilmi ga rayuwar ɗan Adam ya fi gaban misali. Akwai kyakkyawar dangantaka tsakanin malami da ɗalibi wajen samar da ilmi mai amfani da kuma tarbiyya tagari. A taƙaice, gudunmawar makarantu wajen koyar da tarbiyya sun haɗa da:

i.     Koyar da ilmi da kawar da jahilci.

ii.   Koyar da ladabi da biyayya da ɗa’a da halaye masu kyau.

iii. Gargaɗi da biyayya ga mahaifa, girmama na gaba da son juna.

iv. Ishara da riƙa aikata ayyuka nagari da barin waɗanda ba su da kyau.

2. Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai: Wani jigo ne mai tasiri a rayuwar al’umma ta yau da kullum shi ne kafar yaɗa labarai. Da yake an halicci ɗan Adam da son ji da kuma bayar da labarai, sai wannan ɗabi’a ta kasance ɗamfare da kafafen yaɗa labarai (wato rediyo da talabijin da kuma jarida) (Yakasai, 2019). Kafafen yaɗa labarai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gyara tarbiyya. Akwai shirye-shirye daban-daban da ake yi a kafafen yaɗa labarai waɗanda suka shafi tarbiyya. A gidajen rediyo da na talabijin ana sanya tafsirin Alƙur’ani da wa’azoji da karatun littafai waɗanda malamai daban-daban suke gabatarwa. Sannan ana gabatar da shirye-shirye daban-daban waɗanda suka shafi ilmantarwa da wayar da kai tare da ba da shawarwari kan abubuwan da suka dace a rayuwa, domin a riƙa aiwatar da su, da kuma waɗanda ba su dace ba domin a guje su. Wasu kafafen yaɗa labarai sukan ware wani lokaci domin shirya wasannin kwaikwayo waɗanda suke ɗauke da darussan gyaran tarbiyya. Misali, Sashen Hausa na gidan rediyon Docibelle (Deutsche Welle) suna da shirin wasan kwaikwayo mai suna ‘Taɓa-ka-lashe’. Shiri ne na wasan kwaikwayo mai ƙayatarwa, domin yana wayar da kai da kuma tarbiyantarwa.

3. Intanet: A wani mashahurin Ƙamusu na Ingilishi mai suna Merriam Webster Online Dictionary (2023) an kawo kalmar intanet (internet a Ingilishi) aka bayyanata da cewa:

Ingilishi: An electronic communications network that connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world.

Fassara: Intanet kafar sadarwa ce ta na’urorin lantarki wadda take haɗa hanyar sadarwa na kwamfutoci ga manyan taskokin kwamfuta na duniya.

Ra’ayoyin masana da manazarta irin su Muhammad (2004) da Almajir (2008) da Umar (2012) da Mukoshy (2015) da kuma na Yakasai (2019) sun yi kunnen doki game da ma’anar intanet. Wannan bincike ya bi sawun waɗannan ma’anoni, ya ba da ta sa gudunmawa ga ma’anar intanet da cewa:

Intanet kafar sadarwa ce ta zamani wadda take ba da damar taskace bayanai da kuma sadar da su zuwa ko’ina a faɗin duniya cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci.

1.4 Waiwaye Kan Hanyoyin Sadarwa Na Walwala

Mukoshy (2015:102-103) ya bayyana kafafen sada zumunta da cewa, shafuka ne na intanet da tsarin na’urori waɗanda suke ba masu amfani da su damar sadar da bayanai tsakaninsu ta hanyar hira da tattaunawa da muhawara ko musayar ra’ayi a kowane lokaci kuma daga ko’ina a faɗin duniya. Irin waɗannan shafuka, galibi suna ba da damar sadarwa da aiwatar da hulɗa ko mu’amala ta musamman tsakanin masu amfani da intanet. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan shafukan suna ba da damar sadarwa da aiwatar da hulɗa ta musamman tsakanin ‘yan uwa da abokan arziki. A wasu lokuta da ana ƙulla dangantaka wadda dauri ta katse tsakanin tsofaffin aminai tare da ƙulla sabuwar abokantaka. Wannann ya nuna cewa, kafafen sadarwa na walwala suna ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake iya amfani da su wajen inganta mu’amalar al’umma. Waɗannan kafafe suna daɗa yawaita, domin ana samun ƙarin sababbi a-kai-a-kai. Wasu daga cikin sanannu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da Fesbuk (Facebook) da Tiwita (Twitter wanda aka sauyawa suna zuwa X) da Was’af (WhatsApp) da Insitagaram (Instagram) da Tikitok (TikTok) da Teligiram (Telegram) da sauransu.

Bincike-bincike da ayyuka da dama sun fi mayar da hankali ga illoli da matsaloin kafafen sadarwa na walwala, duk da yake waɗannan kafafe suna taka rawa sosai wajen sadarwa da ilmantarwa da ma koyar da tarbiyya. Haka kuma, bayan zumunci da dangantakar da suke ƙullawa, ana sadar da bayanai daban-daban masu koyar da tarbiyya a kansu. Malamai da ɗalibai da manazarta da dama suna sadar da rubuce-rubuce masu faɗakarwa da ilmantarwa da tarbiyyantarwa da kuma wayar da kai a cikin waɗannan kafafe. Irin waɗannan saƙonni da bayanai suna nan suna zagayawa tsakanin masu amfani da irin waɗannan kafafen na sada zumunta. Sau da yawa ana samu darussa da ilmuka a kan hukunce-hukuncen addini a sauƙaƙe a waɗannan kafafe. Wannan yana nuna cewa idan aka yi kyakkyawan amfani da waɗannan kafafe yadda ya dace, lallai suna taimaka wa sosai wajen koyar da tarbiyya.

Bayan Shafukan sadarwa na walwala, akwai kuma shafuka koyarwa (Educational websites). Shafuka ne da aka tanadar kacokan domin koyar da ilmuka daban-daban. Ilmukan suna iya kasancewa na addini da faɗakarwa da wayar da kai da kuma zamantakewa ta yau da kullum. Daga cikin irin waɗannan shafukan akwai shafin http://www.imzakirnaik.com ƙarƙashin kulawar “Islamic Knowledge Center of Education”. Wannan shafin yana kawo nasihohi a harshen Ingilishi domin wayar da kan jama’a kan haƙƙoƙin Allah (SWT) da sauran mutane. Haka kuma, ana amsa tambayoyin da suka shafi rayuwa. Haka zalika, a zauren ana amfani da hotuna (pictures) masu ɗauke da bayanai na Musulunci domin inganta rayuwa. An ƙirƙiri wannan shafi a shekarar 1991, aihini daga Islamic Research Foundation (IRF) Mumbai Indiya (India). Yana da jagorori masu kula da shi da kuma mambobi fiye da dubu ɗari shida.

Bugu da ƙari, akwai kuma shafukan bulog: Bulog kalma ce da aka aro daga Ingilishi aka hausantar da ita. Asalin kalmar ita ce ‘Blog’. Ga ƙarin bayanin da aka samo a kan kalmar daga http://en.m.wikipedia.org ranar, 24-08-2023.

Ingilishi: A blog (a truncation of “weblog”) is a discussion or informational website published on the World Wide Web consisting ofdiscrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts).

Fassara: Bulog (yanki ne na kalmar “weblog”) na nufin shafin da ake tattaunawa ko wallafa saƙonni a kan intanet waɗanda ra’ayi ne na wani, ba bayani a hukumance ba.

Tun a wajajen shekarar 1990 bulog ya fara bayyana a intanet, a wasu lokuta mutum ɗaya ne ke buɗa abinsa ya kula da shi.Wasu bulog kuwa, mallakar haɗakar jama’a ce masu manufa iri ɗaya. Shafin Wikipedia ya wallafa wani bayani ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2011, inda ya tabbatar da cewa an samu ƙiyasin sama da mutane miliyan 100 masu amfani da blog a faɗin duniya a wannan lokaci, (https://en.wikipedia/wiki/historyofbloggin). Misalin bulog da ake samar da tarbiyya shi ne

Zauren Fiƙhu. Wannan bulog ne da aka tanadar musamman domin haɓaka ci gaban addini a zukatan matasa da kuma haɓaka soyayyar Annabi (SAW) da iyalan gidansa da Sahabbansa da Salihan bayin Allah, tare da biyayya da girmamawa. Bulog na faɗakarwa da amsa tambayoyin addinin Musulunci da wasu al’amurrun rayuwa na yau da kullum. An ƙirƙiro wannan bulog a shekarar 2013 a bisa adireshin http://www.zaurenfiƙhu.blogspot.com. Akwai fiye da mambobi 359 da suke ziyartar wannan bulog a-kai-a-kai.

1.5 Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Shafin Fesbuk

Fesbuk asalinsa wani ɗalibi ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka mai suna “Mark Zuckerberg” ya ƙirƙiro shi a matsayin shafi domin sada zumunta tsakaninsa da aminansa da ‘yan uwa da kuma abokan arziki. Ya ƙirƙiro shafin a shekarar 2005 (Mukoshy, 2015: 98) tare da tallafin ‘yan ajinsu da suke ɗaki ɗaya a makaranta tare da goyon bayan ɗaliban Jami’ar Haɓard (wato makarantarsu). Abokansa da suka tallafa masa wajen gina shafin su ne: Andrew McCollum da Chris Hughes da Dostin Moskoɓite. Ya yi wannan ƙoƙari ne tun yana shekarar karatu ta biyu a Jami’a. Shafin ya haɓaka har wasu kamfanonin ƙasashen ciki da wajen ƙasar Amurka suka saka hannun jarinsu a cikin wannan sabon shafin mai farin jini. A taƙaice, tun kafa shafin Fesbuk har zuwa yanzu sai daɗa bunƙasa yake yi tare da ƙirƙiro sababbin abubuwa waɗanda can farko bai fito da su ba, (Usman, 2015).

Fesbuk kafar sadarwa ce a intanet domin sada zumunci, wannan kafa tana ba da dama ga tsofaffi da kuma sababbin abokai su yi zumunci (a rubuce da hotuna da bidiyo). Mafi yawan masu mu’amala da shafin suna da bayanai da hotuna game da sunayensu da wuraren aiki ko makaranta da abubuwan sha’awa a rayuwa. Ta haka ne, mutum kan tattauna da abokinsa ko ƙawarta kai tsaye (online) ko kuma a bar saƙo. Ta haka ake ƙulla zumunci tsakanin al’ummu daban-daban. (Yakasai, 2019:178). Saboda haka, Fesbuk kafa ce ta mu’amala daga nesa ta hanyar hira da gaisuwa ta hanyar aika saƙonnin rubutu (texɓt messages) da hotuna (pictures) da sauti (sound) da bidiyo (videos), (Usman, 2015).

Bayanai sun nuna cewa fiye da rabin masu mu’amala da intanet sun mallaki shafi a Fesbuk, ciki har da kafafen yaɗa labarai na rediyo da talabijin. Misali: www.nta.news/facebook.com da da kuma www.rimaradio/newsroom/facebook.com da sauransu. Fesbuk ya zama tamkar rigar zamani a sa ki a huta. Kamfanoni da masana’antu da ma’aikatu da makarantu da jama’a da cibiyoyi masu zaman kansu duk suna shiga Fesbuk domin yayata manufofinsu da tallata ayyukansu da hajojinsu.

1.6 Hanyoyin Bayar da Tarbiyya na Fesbuk

Fesbuk kafa ce ta sadarwa da za iya kira “Hantsi leƙa gidan kowa” ko kuma a kira ta “Ruwan dare game duniya”. Wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne idan aka yi la’akari da yadda Fesbuk ta yi ruwa ya yi tsaki wajen haɗin kan al’umma masu ra’ayi ɗaya da masu mabambantan ra’ayoyi a bisa taska ɗaya a wannan zamani. Wannan ya nuna yadda al’umma suka rungumi kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk a matsayin wata taska ta adana bayanai da musayarsu tsakanin al’umma. A kan samu mutane daban-daban masu aika saƙonni na tarbiyyantarwa a kan Fesbuk. Bugu da ƙari, akwai dandali-dandali masu tarin yawa a kan Fesbuk waɗanda aka tanada musamman domin tarbiyyantarwa. Kowane dandali, akan samu wanda yake kulawa da shi (group admin). Ana iya samun mambobi daga ɗaruruwa har miliyan a kan dandali ɗaya, ya danganta ga irin farin jinin dandali da manufofinsa da kuma irin bayanan da ake sakawa a cikinsa.

Akwai hanyoyi masu ɗimbin yawa da ake bi wajen inganta tarbiyya, a kan Fesbuk.Waɗannan hanyoyi sun haɗa da wa’azi daga manyan malamai da koyar da karatun Alƙur’ani da koyar da hadisai. Sannan akwai masana da suke faɗakarwa da wayar da kan al’umma kan zamantakewar rayuwa. Haka kuma, akwai abubuwan da suka shafi koyon sana’o’i domin dogaro da kai da sauransu. Duk waɗannan ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar yaɗa bayanai da musayarsu a samfurin hotuna da sauti da bidiyo da kuma rubutun zube. Bari mu ɗauki waɗannan ɓangarori ɗaya bayan ɗaya domin ganin irin gudunmawar da suke bayarwa wajen tarbiyyantarwa.

1. Hotuna

Hoto abu ne da yake ɗauke da zanen sura, (Ƙamusun Hausa na Jami’ar Bayero, 2006). Hotuna sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sadar da bayanai a kan Fesbuk. Ana amfani da Fesbuk wajen aika saƙonni a samfurin hotuna masu ɗauke da nasihohi da jan hankali da faɗakarwa da kuma hannunka-mai-sanda. Ana amfani da Fesbuk wajen aika saƙonni a samfurin hotuna da ke ɗauke da nasihohi da na jan hankali da faɗakarwa da kuma hannunka-mai-sanda. Alal misali:

Akwai dandalin Tudun Tsira a Fesbuk. Wannan dandali ne na sada zumunta da ake wallafa hotuna masu ɗauke da saƙon gargaɗi da tsoratarwa da faɗakarwa a lamurran rayuwa na yau da gobe. Adireshin wannan dandali shi ne: https://facebook.com/groups/149921973635494. Dandalin yana da mambobi 75. Jagoran da yake kula da wannan dandali shi ne Shamsudeen Muhammad Sani. An ƙirƙiri wannan dandali ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba 2015. Ga muhimman saƙon da aka samu mai gyaran tarbiyya a wannan dandali:

Rubutun da yake cikin wannan hoto wata addu’a mai muhimmanci ga rayuwar kowane Musulmi. Addu’a ce ta roƙon Allah tsari daga damuwa da ɓacin rai da kuma cutuka. Wannan addu’a ta yi daidai da addu’ar da Manzon Allah (SAW) ya koyar da al’umma wadda ta zo a Sahihul Bukhari 7/158. A taƙaice dai, saƙon wannan hoto yana tarbiyyantar da al’umma kan irin muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata su roƙi Allah a duk lokacin da za su yi addu’a. Haka kuma, hoton yana nuni da irin hali na ƙanƙantar da kai da ya kamata ga mai roƙon Allah.

Haka kuma, akwai wani hoto da aka wallafa a wannan dandali mai koyar da tarbiyyanta ga al’umma, cikin saƙo kamar haka:

Wannan hoton yana lurar da al’umma a kan muhimmancin jajircewa da ibada a ranakun goma na farko na watan Musulunci na Zul-hijja, kamar yadda a cikin littafin Sunan Tirmizi 41/2. Haka kuma, hoton yana tunatar da al’umma da su nisanci aikata munanan ayyuka a waɗannan ranaku muhimmai. A taƙaice, wannan hoton yana tarbiyyantar da al’ummar Musulmi da su kiyaye da yin ayyuka nagari da kuma nisantar da kansu ga aikata munanan ayyuka.

Wani saƙo da aka samu a wannan dandali shi ne mai koyar da zamantakewar aure. Ga saƙon hoton:

Saƙon wannan hoto yana tarbiyyantar da al’ummar Hausawa ma’aurata da cewa su sutura ne tsakanin junansu. Domin kowannensu, yana rufa wa ɗan uwansa asiri a kan duk abin da ya same shi. Bugu da ƙari, hoton ya ƙara nuna cewa, ma’aurata suna rufa wa junansu asiri ba tare da sun afka cikin ayyukan assha ba.

Wani dandalin da yake tarbiyantar da jama’a a kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk shi ne dandalin Mutuwa Rigar Kowa. Dandali ne da ake faɗakarwa da tunatar da al’umma a kan tuna mutuwa. An Wannan dandalin ya kawo hotuna waɗanda suka shafi mutuwa kamar ginar ƙabari da yi wa mamaci salla da saka shi a ƙabari da sauransu. Ana iya shiga wannan dandali ta adireshinsa https://www.facebook.com.postsmutuwarrigarkowa. Akwai wani hoto da aka wallafa mai jan hankali a dandalin. Ga hoton da kuma bayanin da ke cikinsa:

Wannan hoto yana nuna, wani mutum da ya yi sakaci da yin salla a cikin lokaci. Rubutun cikin hoton yana cewa, mutumin ya yi alwashin yin salla gobe, mutuwa ta riske shi yau. A taƙaice, wannan hoto yana lurar da al’umma da su kiyaye yin salla da sauran ayyukan alheri a cikin lokaci, sannan su nisanci jinkirta salla da ayyukan alheri.

2. Bidiyo

Wata hanya ta aika saƙonni a kafar Fesbuk ita ce ta amfani da bidiyo. Bunza (2018) ya bayyana cewa ‘bidiyo’ wata na’ura ce mai ɗauke da hoto mai magana da motsi domin isar da saƙo ga masu ji da gani.

Ana amfani da bidiyo domin isar da saƙo wanda ake ji kuma ake gani. Ana aika bayanin bidiyo a kan intanet, kamar a kan Fesbuk ko imel ko a yi musayarsa ta sauran kafofin sadarwa tsakanin wayoyi da kwamfuta da makamantansu. A yau, Fesbuk tana cike da dandali-dandali inda akan yi musayar bayanai a samfurin bidiyo masu tarbiyyantarwa a rayuwar Hausawa. Ga wasu daga cikin irin waɗannan saƙonni:

Akwai dandalin Mabiya Sheikh Aminu Ibrahim Daurawa wanda ake samu a kan adireshin https://www.facebook.com/groups/2648282428530714. Wannan dandali yana da mabiya kimanin 765,207. An buɗe shi dandalin 30 ga Agusta 2018. An buɗe shi ne domin yaɗa darussan da Malam Aminu Ibrahim Daurawa yake bayarwa a wurare daban-daban, kamar wuraren tattaunawa a gidajen yaɗa labarai da wuraren tafsirai da huɗubobi da sauransu. Daga cikin irin waɗannan bayanai da ake sakawa, akwai bidiyon da Malam yake magana a kan ‘ya’ya a Musulunci. Ga saƙon da malamin yake isarwa a ciki

A sanadiyyar ‘ya’ya mutum yana iya tsira a gaban Allah kuma a sanadiyyar ‘ya’ya mutum yana iya taɓewa da yin hasara a gaban Allah. Duk wanda ya kyautata tarbiyyar ‘ya’yansa ya koyar da su addini, kuma ya koyar da su sana’a suka zama mutane nagari, kuma ya kasance sun san ciyon kansu kuma suka kasance a kan tarbiyya ta Musulunci, to ka ga wannan ya ci jarabawar da Allah ya ba shi. Amanar da Allah ya ba shi ta ‘ya’ya ya riƙe ta. Duk mutumin da ya yi sakaci ya ƙyale yaransa a hannun tauraron ɗan Adam ko talabijin ko rediyo ko hannun kaɗe-kaɗe, ya ƙyale wannan su ne za su yi saitin ƙwaƙwalen ‘ya’yansa, to ka ga wannan ya ci amanar da Allah ya ba shi ta ‘ya’ya. Ba ruwansa da sun yi salla ko ba su yi ba, kuma ba ruwansa da sun kai matakin shekarun balaga da sauran su. Haka kuma, ba ruwansa da ‘ya’yansa sun balaga don ya san yanzu suna daga cikin mutanen da hukunci ya hau kansu duniya da lahira. Wani ba ruwansa kawai idan ya sa ɗansa makaranta idan yana cin jarabawa, kuma ya ƙware da Turanci. Amma ba ruwansa idan bai iya karatun salla ba, kuma bai iya Ahallari ko Ishimawi ba.

Wannan faɗakarwa ce mai muhimmanci ga iyaye da su inganta tarbiyyar ‘ya’yansu. Bugu da ƙari, iyaye su sani cewa ‘ya’yansu kiwo ne Allah ya ba su, kuma zai tambaye su yadda suka gabatar da wannan kiwon da ya ba su. wannan bayani na Malam daidai yake da hadisin Manzo (SAW) da yake cewa, “Dukkanku makiyaya ne, kuma Allah zai tambaye ku a kan abin da ya ba ku kiwo…”

3. Rubutu

Rubutu dole ne ya kasance yana ƙunshe da abubuwa kamar haka: Na farko ya kasance maƙasudin rubutu shi ne ya waƙilci wani abin da ake son a tuna. Na biyu ya kasance yana ba da wata ma’ana ga waɗanda suka san shi. Bunza (2002). Ana amfani da rubutu a shafin Fesbuk wajen isar da saƙo, wanda mabiya za su iya karantawa a duk lokacin da suke buƙata. Galibi ma, rubutu shi ne hanyar da ake amfani da ita a kowane dandali domin sadarwa a Fesbuk. Haka kuma, kowane mai amfani da Fesbuk zai iya aika saƙonsa a rubutuce, kuma yana iya karɓa saƙon da aka rubutu masa ya karanta.

Akwai dandali mai suna Sakkwato Birnin Shehu. A daidai ranar Laraba (30/08/2023) da misalin ƙarfe 5:12 na yamma dandalin yana da kimanin mambobi 53,961. An ƙirƙiri wannan dandali ranar 7 ga watan Agusta 2016 a kan adireshin https://www.facebook.com/groups/612407128940339. Aminu Be Mine, ya aiko da wani saƙo mai faɗakarwa da hannunka-mai-sanda ga al’umma dangane da rayuwar lahira. Ga saƙon:

A Ranar Lahira

Abin da yake damuna kuma yake sanya ni yin kukan zuci shi ne ban san yaushe ne zan mutu ba, kuma ban san a inazan mutu ba, sannan ban san a kan wane aiki ne Allah zai karɓi rayuwata ba. Ya Allah ka sa mu yi kyakkyawan ƙarshe.

Wannan saƙon rubutu yana yi wa mutane hannunka-mai-sanda dangane da rayuwar lahira. Idan mutum ya kasance yana aiki da wannan saƙon zai kasance bai ci haram kuma zai kasance mai bin umarnin Allah. Saƙon ya nuna cewa, duk wanda yake tunawa da rayuwar lahira ya san cewa zai mutu, to za ka ga rayuwarsa daban take da ta sauran jama’a.

Haka kuma, akwai dandalin Muryar Matasa a kan adireshin https://www.facebook.com/groups/300316577256316. An samar da wannan dandali ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 2018, kuma yana da mambobi kimanin 392,838 ƙarƙashin kulawar Zulaihat Ammer da Farhaf Nura da Ɗahiru Hassan. Wannan dandali yana ƙunshe da bayanai masu tarin yawa. Ana samun bayanai kan abin da ya shafi al’umma musamman matasa a yau. Bangiss Gagare ya aiko wani saƙon bidiyo a dandalin. Saƙon yana faɗakarwa da jan hankali zuwa ga matasa dangane da ‘yan siyasar ƙasar nan, yana kira da cewa:

A gaskiya ya kamata mu tashi matasa wannan zaɓe mai zuwa ya kamata mu san wanda za mu zaɓa wato wanda zai jagorance mu Musulmi ne ko Kirista ne wanda muka san zai taimaki iyayenmu kuma zai iya kawo mana zaman lafiya a ƙasarmu baki ɗaya. Ba wanda zai sayo mana ƙwaya da wiwi muna sha, muna hauka ba, ya kamata a ce zaluncin da ake yi mana a Nijeriya yanzu kam ya ishe mu, ya kamata mu riƙa tunani mu san wanda za mu zaɓa. Muna zaɓar waɗanda ba za su taimake mu da komai ba, waɗanda za su halakar da mu, waɗanda za su rushe tarbiyarmu da kuma al’adarmu, a gaskiya mu sake tunani ‘yan uwana matasa don mu ne ƙashin bayan kowace al’umma, idan mun tarbiyyantu ana iya sa ran al’ummar da ke tafe ƙasarmu ta zama nagartacciyar al’umma.

4. Sauti (audio)

A Ƙamusun English-Hausa na Newman (1990) an nuna cewa, “sauti shi ne amo ko ƙara”. Ƙarin bayani a kan wannan ma’ana, shi ne sauti ƙara ce ko amo da ake ji da kunne. Wannan bincike ya gano cewa a kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk akwai bayanan da ake yaɗawa domin tarbiyyantar da al’umma. Ana samun irin waɗannan bayanai domin sauraro a dandali.

Daga cikin dandalin Fesbuk da ake samun bayanai domin tarbiyyantarwa akwai dandalin Ɓision FM 92.5. Wannan dandalin an samar da shi tun ranar 8 ga Maris 2018. Zuwa lokacin gudanar da wannan bincike, akwai kimanin mambobi 8,630 a dandalin. Za a iya shiga dandalin a kan adireshin https://www.facebook.com/group/265699130635825. Wannan dandali yana ƙunshe da bayanai masu tarin yawa. Ana samun bayanai kan abin da ya shafi al’umma musamman na nishaɗi da wayar da kai da tarbiyyantarwa da kuma faɗakarwa. Daga cikin bayanan akwai saƙon sauti wanda aka wallafa a dandalin ƙarƙashin “Shirin Matasa” kashi na biyu, wanda Aminu Ɗankaduna Amanawa tare da Hauwa’u Ilyasu Garba suke gabatarwa. Ga wani daga cikin nau’in bayanin da aka samu a dandali:

Damfara a kafofin sada zumunta lamari ne da ke ci gaba da addabar masu amfani da waɗannan kafofin. A kullum masu damfara sai ƙara fitowa suke yi da hanyoyin damfarar jama’a a kafofin sadarwa. To ta ya ‘yan damfara suke damfarar mutane? Da ka ji an kira ka an ce maka daga bankin ka ne, ko kuma an rufe maka katin ATM amma kuma suka nemi ka faɗa musu lambar sirrin (password) ta katin, wai za a buɗe maka shi. To, wannan ɓarayi ne kuma ‘yan damfara ne da ke amfani da wannan damar domin su cuci mutane.

Duk da yake wannan bayani ya karkata ga faɗakarwa da jan hankali tare da yin hannunka-mai-sanda dangane da wannan damfara da ta zama ruwan dare a kafofin sada zumunta, amma bayanin yana tarbiyyantar da al’umma domin su hankalta da wannan hanya ta damfara. Haka kuma, wannan maudu’in ya taimaka ainun wajen fito da hanyoyin da ‘yan damfara suke bi domin yaudarar jama’a. Hausawa na amfani da wani karin magana da ke cewa, “idan kunne ya ji gangar jiki ta tsira”.   

1.7 Sakamakon Bincike

Wannan bincike ya gano irin rawar da kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk take takawa a ɓangaren bayar da tarbiyya a zamanance ta waɗannan hanyoyi:

1.      Ana samar da tarbiyya a kan Fesbuk ta hanyar sauti da rubutu da hoto da kuma bidiyo.

2.      Ana amfani da sautin wani malami ko wani da ya yi wani zance mai hikima domin ilmantarwa ko tarbiyyantarwa a kan Fesbuk.

3.      Akan saka bidiyon wani sashe na wasan kwaikwayo mai nuna wani abu na alheri ko sakamakon wani aiki maras kyau domin tarbiyyantarwa.

4.      Haka kuma, akan sanya bidiyo na malamai ko maganganun wasu mutane masu nuni zuwa ga tarbiyya a kan Fesbuk.

5.      Akan samu tarbiyya kai tsaye idan aka karanta labarai na hikima ko wa’azi ko gajeren jawabi musamman idan wani mai kaifin basira da hangen nesa ya rubuta shi.

6.      Ana ƙaruwa da faɗakar da iyaye da magabata da shuwagabanni da kuma malamai a rubuce domin ribanta a Fesbuk.

1.8 Shawarwari

Akwai shawarwari da wannan takarda ta bayar domin ɗorewa da kuma samun kyakkyawar tarbiyya a Fesbuk. Daga cikinsu akwai:

1.      Yana da kyau iyaye su riƙa binciken wayoyin ‘ya’yansu domin su san irin wainar da suke toyawa, musamman a kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk, domin ta ƙunshi kowane irin hali mai kyau da maras kyau, wanda idan ba a bibiyar wayoyi da kwamfutocin yara sukan iya ɗaukar miyagun ɗabi’u alhali suna zaune a cikin gidajensu.

2.      Malamai su riƙa wayar da kan al’umma a kan illar bibiyar gurɓatattun abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a Fesbuk, tare da jawo hankalin jama’a kan muhimmancin bibiyar abubuwa nagari.

3.      Makarantu su riƙa saka wasu darussa a shafin Fesbuk domin ƙara wa al’umma ƙwarin guiwar amfani da shafin ta hanya mai kyau.

4.      Cibiyoyin horarwa su ba da tasu gudunmawa domin ɗorewa da samar da ilimi da tarbiyya a Fesbuk, domin a yau Fesbuk ta zama rigar zamani wanda bai sa ta an bar shi baya!

1.9 Kammalawa

Wannan bincike ya yi ƙoƙarin nazarin kafar sadarwa ta Fesbuk domin gano irin gudunmuwar da take bayarwa a matsayin hanyar tarbiyyantarwa ta zamani. Binciken ya yi nasarar gano hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen isar da saƙonni masu tarbiyantarwa ga al’umma. Hanyoyin sun haɗa da amfani da hoto da bidiyo da sauti da kuma rubutu. Binciken ya tabbatar da cewa Fesbuk tana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga al’umma, domin ko bayan sadar da zumunta, ana aika saƙo a kan kafar. Haka kuma, ana more wa kafar ta hanyar amfanar da kai da kuma al’umma da saƙonni masu tarbiyantarwa a cikinta.

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