Hukuncin Canja Niyar Azumin Farillah Ta Koma Ta Nafila

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Assalamu alaikum warahamatullah, malam dan Allah ana bin mutum azumi sai ta fara rama wanda ake bin sa dagaba ya Sai ta dau sittu Shwwal ba ta gama ba sai al'ada ta zo mata har watan Shawwal ya kare ba ta gama ba, Malam to mutum zai iya rage wanda ya rama guda biyu ya cikashe sittu Shwwal dagaba ya sai ya rama biyun a matsayin na ramuwa? Allah ya ba da ikon amsawa.

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Wa'alaikumus Salamu Wa Rahmatullah, ‘yar uwa bai inganta mutum ya canja ninyar azumin nafila ta koma matsayin azumin ramako na Ramaḍāna da ake bin sa ba, haka nan ko ya ce zai canja ninyar azumin farillah ta koma ta nafila, duka wannan bai inganta ba, saboda ba makawa azumin ramako sai an kwana da ninya da daddare, domin azumin ramako yana ɗaukar hukuncin azumin Ramaḍānan da ake yi ne, saboda hadisin Annabi ﷺ da Ibn Umar ya ruwaito cewa:

"Duk wanda bai ɗauki ninyar azumi kafin ketowar Alfijir ba, to ba shi da azumi". Abu Dáwud (2454), Tirmizhiy (730), Ibn Majah (1700).

Wannan hadisin wasu malaman Musulunci sun bayyana cewa ana nufin azumin farillah da na kaffara da kuma na bakance ake nufi, wato ban da azumin taɗawwu'i kenan, domin shi ko ba a kwana da ninyarsa ba za a iya ɗaukarsa bayan wayewar gari matuƙar mutum bai riga ya ci abinci ba.

Imamun Nawawiy ya ce:

"Azumin Ramadana ba ya inganta da ɗaukar ninya da rana, haka nan na ramako, da na kaffara, da na fansa a aikin Hajji, da sauran duk azumin da suke wajibai ne, babu saɓani a wannan".

Dubi Almajmu'u (6/286).

Imamus Siyuɗiy cewa ya yi:

"Lallai canja ninya bayan kammala ibada ba ya tasiri a kan wannan ibada".

Dubi Al'ashbaáhu Wan Nazwaá'ir shafi na (38).

Bisa dalilan da ke sama sai ya zama kenan, canja ninya ko ɗauƙar azumin farillah a mayar da shi matsayin sittu Shauwal hakan bai inganta ba, haka nan mutum ya mayar da sittu Shauwal ko wani azumin nafila a matsayin na ramakon Ramadana, duk hakan bai inganta ba tun da canja niyya ba ya aiki a kan ibada bayan an kammala ibadar.

MATSAYIN SITTU SHAUWAL ƊIN DA BA A KAMMALA SHI BA

Duk wanda ya fara yin azumin sittu Shauwal bai sami damar kammalawa ba sai rashin lafiya ko wani uzuri ya same shi har watan ya fita, malamai sun ce zai sami ladar waɗanda ya azumta, wasu malaman kuma suka ce zai sami ladar duka azumi shidan matuƙar uzuri ne mai ƙarfi ya hana shi kammalawa.

Amma kuma wasu malaman suna da fahimtar cewa zai iya ƙarisa cikon sauran da rashin lafiya ko uzuri ya hana shi cikasawa ko da a watan Zhulƙi'ida ne, sai dai ladarsa ba zai yi dai-dai da yin ta a Shauwal ba.

Ibn Hajar Alhaitamiy ya ce:

"Wanda ya azumci sittu Shuwal tare da Ramaḍāna a kowace shekara, to za su zamo tamkar azumin shekara ɗaya na farillah ne ba tare da ninkawa ba, wanda kuma ya azumnci kwanaki shida ba na Shauwal ba, to za ta zamo tamkar sauran azuminsa na nafila ne ba tare da ninkawa ba.

Tuhfatul Muhtaj (3/456).

Wasu malaman kuma suka ce ko mutum ya yi azumi shida da nufin sittu Shauwal matuƙar ba a Shauwal ba ne ba zai sami falalar da ake samu na sittu Shauwal ba saboda zahirin yadda nassoshi suka nuna.

Ibn Baáz shi ko cewa ya yi:

"Ba a shar'anta rama azumin sittu Shauwal ba bayan ficewar watan, saboda ita Sunnah ce da mahallinta ya shuɗe, dai-dai ne saboda uzuri ne ba a yi ba ko ba da uzuri ba".

Majmu'u Fataáwa na Ibn Baáz (15/389).

Da kuma aka tambayi Allama Ibn Baáz ɗin game da wata mata da ta yi azumin sittu Shauwal guda huɗu, amma saboda uzuri ba ta sami cikaso biyun ba sai Allama ya ce:

"Azumin kwanaki shida na Shauwal ibada ce mustahabbiya ba wajiba ba ce, kina da ladar abin da kika azumta, kuma ana maki fatan samun ladar sittu Shauwal ɗin baki ɗaya idan ya kasance abin da ya hana ki cikasa azumin uzuri ne na Shari'a, saboda faɗin Annabi ﷺ cewa:

"Idan bawa ya yi rashin lafiya ko ya yi tafiya, Allah zai rubuta masa abin da ya kasance yake aikatawa a lokacin zaman gida, kuma yake lafiyayye. Bukhariy (2996). Don haka babu ramuwa a kanki na azumin (Shauwal) da ba ki yi ba.

Dubi Majmu'u Fataáwa Ibn Baáz (15/395).

Bisa shawara abin da ya fi zama daidai ga wanda ya fara azumin Sittu Shauwal bai sami ikon kammalawa ba har watan ya ƙare saboda wani uzuri shi ne; ya bar abin da bai azumta ɗin ba, ba sai ya rama ba, ana fatan Allah zai cikasa masa sauran sakamakon, saboda Sittu Shauwal ba wajibi ba ne, mustahabbi ne, balle mutum ya ce dole sai ya rama.

Allah ne mafi sani.

Jamilu Ibrahim Sarki, Zaria.

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