Wasu Sana'o'in Zamani: Gwada Kutse (Penetration Testing), Tsara Manhajojin Wasanni (Games Developing)

An ciro daga littafin:

BIƊA DA TANADI A DUNIYAR INTANET
(Sana’o’i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago)

Na

Abu-Ubaida SANI
Abdulrahman ALIYU

Manazartar Littafi: Sani, A-U. & Aliyu, A. (2026). Biɗa Da Tanadi a Duniyar Intanet (Sana'o'i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago). Amsoshi Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-978-62480-1-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21361768

Tuntuɓa Domin Samun Littafi: 

Dr. Abu-Ubaida Sani: Imel - abuubaidasani5@gmail.com | WhatsApp - 08133529736

Dr. Abdulrahman Aliyu: WhatsApp - 08036954354

Gwada Inganci Manhajoji Da Kafafen Intanet (Beta Testing)

Yayin da aka gina manhajoji da kafafen intanet, akwai buƙatar a gwada su domin tabbatar da suna aiki yadda ya kamata. Hakan ba ya nufin kowane gama-garin mutum zai iya shiga ya duba. Aiki ne da yake buƙatar ƙwarewa da sanin ɓangarorin da za a bincika tare da gano shafukan da suka aiki daidai da waɗanda suke da matsala.

Wani abin burgewa a wannan aikin shi ne, har Hausawa waɗanda ba su iya gina kafafen intanet ba suna iya ‘gwada ingancin manhajoji da kafafen inganet.’ Babban ilimin da ake buƙata shi ne na sanin yadda kafafe ko manhajoji suke aiki da kuma yadda ake gane matsalolinsu.

Gwada Kutse (Penetration Testing)

Gwada Kutse sana’ar kan intanet ce mai zaman kanta. Duk da haka, tana da matuƙar alaƙa da sana’ar ba da tsaro a kafafen intanet (wadda aka tattauna a ƙarƙashin 4.1.2.2). Dalili kuwa shi ne, duk ayyukan biyu masu ilimin kutse a na’urori ne suke iya gudanar da su.

Yayin gudanar da aikin gwada kutse, akan biya ma’aikaci domin ya yi bakin ƙoƙarinsa wajen kutsawa cikin wata na’ura ko manhaja ko kafar intanet (hacking). Yayin da ya samu nasara yin hakan, sakamakon zai nuna wa masu gina kafar cewa akwai tasgaro a aikinsu. Daga nan za su yi saurin toshe hanyoyin da suke ba da damar yin wannan kutse.

Lokaci zuwa lokaci manyan kamfanoni sukan sanya maƙudan kuɗaɗe tare da barin kafa a buɗe ga duk wanda zai ba da rahoton gano wata damar yin kutse a kafafe ko na’urorinsu. Hakan yana taimaka musu wajen tabbatar da miyagun masu kutse (black hat hackers) ba su yi musu ba zata ba.

Trend Micro (2024) sun kawo Bahaushe a cikin jerin sunayen waɗanda suka taɓa taimaka musu wajen gano wata matsalar da za ta iya bayar da dama a yi kutse. Wannan yana nuni da yadda Hausawa suka fara yin nisa a wannan fannin.

Tsara Manhajojin Wasanni (Games Developing)

Tarihin ɗan’adam ciki yake da wasanni daban-daban. Sun haɗa tun daga kan wasannin da ake aiwatarwa ta hanyar furuci domin raha da barkwanci, har zuwa waɗanda ake gudanarwa da gaɓoɓin jiki. Wani abin burgewa shi ne, yawancin wasannin suna da dokoki da ƙa’idoji na musamman. Bugu da ƙari, an gina su ne kan manufofi na musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da ilimantarwa ko faɗakarwa ko koyar da jarumta ko wayo da dabara, da dai sauran makamantan waɗannan kamar yadda Sani & Gobir (2021 sh. 8-16) suka nuna.

Sauye-sauyen zamani, musamman samuwar intanet ya haifar da muhimmin canji da tasiri ga lamaran wasanni a duniya. Wannan tasirin ya shafi wasannin Hausawa.[1] Hakan ya faru ne sakamakon wasannin kan na’urori da na kafafen intanet da aka samar. Yayin da aka samu wasanni a duniyar zahiri, akan kuma samu kwatankwacinsu a duniyar baɗini.

Kasuwar wasannin zamani kullum ƙara faɗaɗa take yi. Akwai waɗanda suke tunanin gina manhajojin wasanni aiki ne na Turawa kawai. A zahiri ba haka abin yake ba. Akan samu wasannin da ma’aikata masu yawa ne suke haɗuwa su gina manhajojinsu. Kowane ma’aikaci za a ba shi ɓangaren da zai gina, tamkar yadda mesin-mesin masu yawa suke haɗuwa su gina babban gida.[2] Hausawa suna da damar yin ayyuka a waɗannan kamfanonin haɗa wasanni.

Wani abu mai ƙayatarwa game da lamarin manhajojin wasanni shi ne, rukunonin ma’aikata da yawa ne suke cin abinci daga gare shi. Daga ciki akwai:

1. Masu zana gini (an kawo bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.2.1.4): Su ne za su tsara yadda wasan zai kasance. Akwai wasanni da suka ƙunshi gidaje da garuruwa da ƙasashe da ababan hawa. Aikin masu zanen ne fitar da tsarin yadda abin zai kasance a matsayin matakin farko kafin fara ginin gadan-gadan.

2. Masu gina manhajoji (an kawo bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.2.3): Su suke gina ɓangarorin manhajar sannan a haɗe ta wuri ɗaya domin bayar da kammalalliyar manhajar wasan kan intanet ko cikin na’ura.

3. Masu ƙirƙirar rubutu (an yi bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.1.9): Su ne suke rubuta duk waɗansu bayanan wasa. Bayanan sun haɗa da na shafukan wasannin da kuma tattaunawa da ake yi tsakanin ‘yan wasa a cikin manhajar.

4. Masu aikin maye sauti (an kawo bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.1.10): Su ne suke furta duk maganganun da ake cin karo da su a cikin wasannin kan intanet. Wannan ya fi shafar wasannin da suke da tsarin da yake ba wa ‘yan cikin wasannin damar tattaunawa a tsakaninsu, da kuma waɗanda ake bayar da umarni ko furta waɗansu maganganu yayin da ake wasa.

5. Masu fassara (an kawo bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.1.2): Su ne ake ba wa fassarar bayanan da suke cikin manhajojin wasanni domin fassarawa. Yayin da aka yi fassara kuwa, to ana iya buƙatar bita ko gyaran fassara kafin aikin ya kammala.

6. Masu gwada inganci da amincin manhajoji da kafafen intanet (an yi bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin 4.1.2.4): Suna da gurbi na musamman a wannan fage. Dole ne a gwada manhajar wasa sosai kafin sake ta ga al’umma. Manhajojin wasanni sun kasance masu matuƙar sarƙaƙiya.

Lura da waɗannan, fagen wasannin zamani na manhajojin na’urori da kafafen intanet babbar kasuwa ce da Hausawa suke da damar shiga a dama da su. Ana iya mayar da wasannin Hausa daban-daban zuwa cikin na’urori.

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[1] Domin samun ƙarin bayani game da tasirin zamani a kan wasannin Hausawa, ana iya duba Sani & Gobir (2021).

[2] Magina dubu takwas da ɗari shida da casa'in da biyu (8,692) ne suka yi aikin gina wasan Diablo IV wanda kamfanin Blizzard Entertainment ya samar. Idan aka haɗa da sauran ma’aikata (misali masu aikin maye sauti da aka tattauna a ƙarƙashin 4.1.1.10 da masu aikin gwada ingancin manhajoji da kafafen intanet da aka tattauna a ƙarƙashin 4.1.2.4), jimillar waɗanda suka yi aikin sun kai dubu biyu da ɗari huɗu da sittin da huɗu (2,464). A duba Samoylenko (2023).