Kasuwancin Maye Gurbin Sauti (Voice Over) Da Na Sassautawa (Localization)

An ciro daga littafin:

BIƊA DA TANADI A DUNIYAR INTANET
(Sana’o’i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago)

Na

Abu-Ubaida SANI
Abdulrahman ALIYU

Manazartar Littafi: Sani, A-U. & Aliyu, A. (2026). Biɗa Da Tanadi a Duniyar Intanet (Sana'o'i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago). Amsoshi Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-978-62480-1-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21361768

Tuntuɓa Domin Samun Littafi: 

Dr. Abu-Ubaida Sani: Imel - abuubaidasani5@gmail.com | WhatsApp - 08133529736

Dr. Abdulrahman Aliyu: WhatsApp - 08036954354

Maye Gurbin Sauti (Voice Over)

Maye gurbin sauti fasaha ce ta share sautin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wani bidiyo (misali Larabci) tare da ɗora wani sauti na daban (yawanci a cikin wani harshe na daban, misali Hausa) cikin salo da tsarin da zai yi daidai da wanda aka cire ɗin (misali, motsawar baki ko wucewar hotuna, da sauransu). Kamfanin Bunny Studio ya bayyana ma'anar 'maye sauti' da cewa: "Voice over translation is an audio-visual conversion of dialogue from one language to another" (Weiss, 2021 SL. 7). Ma'anar ita ce, fassarar maye sauti fasaha ce ta sauya magana a cikin bidiyo daga wani harshe zuwa wani.

A yau, maye gurbin sauti ba sabon abu ba ne ga Hausawan da suke kallon finafinai ko labarai a talabijin ko kafafen intanet. A cikin labaran Hausa na talabijin, za a iya hasko bidiyon wani yana magana da wani harshe na daban wanda ba Hausa ba. A ɓangare guda kuwa, za a samu wanda zai fassara maganganun da yake faɗa sannan a ɗora sautin maganar cikin harshen Hausa domin maye gurbin ainihin sautin da ake magana da shi.[1]

Akwai nau’o’in bidiyoyi daban-daban da ake neman masu aikin maye gurbin sauti domin yin aiki a kansu. Sun haɗa da:

a. Tallace-tallace

b. Sanarwa

c. Wasannin bidiyo (video games)

d. Finafinai

Misalan finafinan da aka fassara daga wani harshe zuwa harshen Hausa sun haɗa da:

1. Lord of the Rings – Zoben Sihiri (an fassara shi daga Ingilishi zuwa Hausa)

2. Bang Bang! – Jihadi (an fassara shi daga Indiyanci zuwa Hausa)

 Sassautawa (Localization)

Sassautawa a farfajiyar ƙwadagon kan intanet da ya shafi kimiyyar harshe yana nufin sassauto da rubutu ko maganar da aka yi cikin tsattsauran harshen ƙwarewa tare da sauƙaƙa shi ta yadda waɗansu da harshen bai kasance na uwa a gare su ba za su iya fahimta. Yadda Hausawa suke da fasaha da ƙwarewar sarrafa harshe, ya bambanta da yadda sauran waɗanda suka koyi harshen suke magana da shi. Wannan bambancin yana shafar zaɓen kalmomi da amfani da su a cikin jumloli. Misali, yadda Turawan Amurka suke rubutu da magana da harshen Ingilishi, ya bambanta da yadda Hausawa a Nijeriya suke rubutu da kuma magana da wannan harshen.[2]

Yayin da Bature ƙwararre a fannin ‘ƙirƙirar rubutu’ (kamar yadda aka tattauna a ƙarƙashin 4.1.1.9) ya rubuta talla cikin Ingilishi, to ba kowane Bahaushen da yake jin Ingilishi ba ne zai iya fahimta. A irin wannan yanayi, akwai buƙatar turo tallar a wani Bahaushe wanda ya iya aikin sassautawa. Buƙata ita ce ya sassauta rubutun cikin sauƙaƙaƙƙen harshe da salon da Bahaushe zai iya fahimta. A duba misali a cikin hoton da yake ƙasa:

Hoto Na 4.6: Aikin sassautawa daga Ingilishin Amurka zuwa Ingilishin Nijeriya domin Hausawa

Madogara: Saƙon imel daga kamfanin fassara na ByLanguages

A waɗansu lokuta kuwa, akan buƙaci mai aikin sassautawa ya sauya wani rubutu daga wani karin harshe zuwa wani daban. Misali, ana iya bayar da rubutun da yake cikin Hausar Kamaru, sannan a buƙaci a mayar da ita daidaitacciyar Hausa ko ɗaya daga cikin kare-karen harsunan Nijeriya.

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[1] Domin samun ƙarin bayani game da a ‘maye gurbin sauti’, ana iya duba Matamala (2018) da Flis & Szarkowska (2024).

[2] An yi rubuce-rubuce daban-daban game da Ingilishin Nijeriya (Nigerian English) da nau’o’insa. Domin ƙarin bayani ana iya duba Igboanusi (2002) da Nwachukwu (2022).