Bunkasar Sabis Din Intanet

An ciro daga littafin:

BIƊA DA TANADI A DUNIYAR INTANET
(Sana’o’i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago)

Na

Abu-Ubaida SANI
Abdulrahman ALIYU

Manazartar Littafi: Sani, A-U. & Aliyu, A. (2026). Biɗa Da Tanadi a Duniyar Intanet (Sana'o'i, Kasuwanci, Ƙwadago). Amsoshi Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-978-62480-1-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21361768

Tuntuɓa Domin Samun Littafi: 

Dr. Abu-Ubaida Sani: Imel - abuubaidasani5@gmail.com | WhatsApp - 08133529736

Dr. Abdulrahman Aliyu: WhatsApp - 08036954354

3.2.2 Bunƙasar Sabis Ɗin Intanet

A ɓangare guda kuwa, shi ma sabis na intanet ba lokaci guda aka samar da shi cikin siga da tsarin da yake a yau ba. Bayan haka, bai kasance nau’i ɗaya kawai ba. Akwai nau’o’in sabis na intanet daban-daban. Masana na samar da rabe-raben intanet ne ta la’akari da faɗin wurin da sabis na intanet ɗin yake kaiwa.[1] Fitattu daga cikin nau’o’in sabis na intanet su ne:

1. Keɓantaccen Sabis Ɗin Intanet - (Personal Area Network (PAN))

Wannan shi ne nau’in sabis na intanet da ya shafi wuri guda kawai. Yawanci ana samar da shi ne domin amfanin mutum ɗaya. Sau da dama sabis ɗin ba ya wuce faɗin mita goma (10). Misali, idan mutum ya tura bidiyo ko hoto daga kwamfuta zuwa wayarsa ko daga waya zuwa kwamfuta, to ya yi amfani ne da irin wannan nau’in sabis. Haka ma mutum na iya kunna sabis ɗin wayarsa na hawa intanet domin ya ba wa kwamfutoci ko wayoyi sabis. Duk ire-iren waɗannan ana kiran su da suna PAN.

2. Sabis Ɗin Ƙaramin Wuri - (Local Area Network (LAN))

Wannan nau’in sabis ne da ya shafi ma’aikatu ko gidaje ko masana’antu. Za a iya samun ma’aikata mai kwamfutoci kamar guda goma (10) amma dukkanninsu suna amfani da sabis guda ne. Bayan haka, ƙwaƙwalen kwamfutocin na iya kasancewa a haɗe wuri guda. Wannan zai sa duk sauyin da aka yi a kwamfuta guda ya kasance ya shafi sauran kwamfutocin. Bayan haka, akan samu babban ofishi a ma’aikata da yake ɗauke da kwamfutoci da yawa a ciki. Ana iya tsara yadda dukkannin kwamfutocin za su riƙa tura takardun da za a gurza (printing) zuwa na’urar gurza takardu (printer) guda. Sabis ɗin da ya haɗa kwamfutocin shi ake kira LAN. PAN daban-daban ne suke haɗuwa su ba da LAN.

3. Sabis Ɗin Yanki - (Metropolitan Area Network (MAN))

Wannan nau’in sabis ne da yake karaɗe wani yanki. Nau’in sabis ɗin da ake samu a manyan jami’o’i da suke da gine-gine da dama na iya kasancewa MAN. Bayan haka, ana iya samun wata ma’aikata da take da gine-gine ko ofisoshi a wurare daban-daban a cikin gari guda ko garuruwa da suke kusa da juna. Idan haka ta faru, ana iya amfani da sabis ɗin MAN domin taƙaita adadin kuɗi da ma’aikatar za ta riƙa kashewa ga sabis. PAN daban-daban ne suke haɗuwea su ba da LAN. Su kuma LAN sai su haɗu su ba da MAN.

4. Sabis Na Dogon Zango - (Wide Area Network (WAN))

Wannan nau’in sabis ne da yake mamaye dogon zango. Yana kasancewa tsakanin gari da gari ko ma ƙasa da ƙasa. Babban misali a nan shi ne, akwai bankunan da suke da cibiyoyi a dukkan jahohin Nijeriya, inda kuma ake samun nau’o’in sabis-sabis da dukkannin cibiyoyin da suke jahohin suke amfani da su a tare. Manyan kamfanonin fassara suna da tsari makamancin wannan. Misalan wannan sun haɗa da kamfanonin fassara da suke da ma’aikata da dama, waɗanda kuma suke amfani da tsarin sabis guda. Ko a ɓangaren raba fayilolin fassara za a iya kallon wannan. Idan akwai fayiloli 20, za su kasance a kwamfutocin dukkannin ma’aikatan. Sannan kowannensu zai riƙa kallon fayil da aka riga aka yi aiki a kansa.[2] Yayin da PAN suka haɗu suka ba da LAN, su kuma LAN za su haɗu su ba da MAN. MAN kuwa su ne suke haɗuwa su ba da WAN.

A Nijeriya, akwai kamfanoni da dama da suke samar da sabis ɗin intanet. Akintaro, (2023 SL. 4) ya bayyana cewa, zuwa watan Nuwambar shekarar 2023, Hukumar Kula Da Harkokin Sadarwar a Nijeriya, wato Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)  ta ba da lasisi a kamfanonin da suke bayar da sabis ɗin intanet 253. Ya zayyano kamfanoni goma daga cikinsu waɗanda suka fi yawan adadin kwastomomi a Nijeriya. Su ne kamar haka:

Jadawali Na 4: Kamfanonin Samar Da Sabis Ɗin Intanet Da Ƙiyasin Yawan Kwastomominsu

	Kamfani	Adadin Rajista
1.	Spectranet	113,747
2.	Tizeti	19,126
3.	IPNX	14,871
4.	Starlink	11,207
5.	VDT Communications	6,611
6.	Cyberspace Network Limited	4,130
7.	Ngcom Limited	3,956
8.	Radical Technology Network Ltd	3,647
9.	Suburban Broadband Ltd	3,627
10.	Cobranet Limited	3,401

Madogara: Akintaro (2023)

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[1] Domin samun ƙarin bayani game da ayyukan da aka gudanar kan sabis ɗin itanet, ana iya duba Bourgeois (2016) ko Dordal (2020).

[2] Domin ƙarin bincike game da nau’o’in haɗakar sabis ɗin intanet, ana iya ziyartar https://www.javatpoint.com/types-of-computer-network ko https://www.router-switch.com/faq/types-of-networks.html ko https://www.belden.com/blogs/network-types ko kuma https://afteracademy.com/blog/What-are-the-different-types-of-network.