Gudummawar Gasa Wajen Bunkasar Rubutun Gajerun Labaran Hausa

CITATION: Mujaheed, A. (2025). “Gudummawar Gasa Wajen Bunƙasar Rubutun Gajerun Labaran Hausa” Tauraruwa Journal of Hausa Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 December, 2025. Department of Nigerian Languages Federal University of Lafia. Pg 92-104, ISSN: 2814-0222.

GUDUMMAWAR GASA WAJEN BUNƘASAR RUBUTUN GAJERUN LABARAN HAUSA

Daga

Abdullahi Mujaheed, PhD
Sashen Harsunan Nijeriya da Kimiyar Harsuna, Jami’ar Jihar Kaduna
mujaheedabdullahi@gmail.com
+2348069299109, +2348156747550

Tsakure

Gajerun labaran Hausa a rubuce sun fara samuwa ne tun daga lokacin da aka yanke wa harkar ɗab’i cibi a ƙasar Hausa ta hannun hukumomin inganta adabi. Duk da cewa an gudanar da wasu nazarce-nazarce a fagen gajerun labaran Hausa da kuma gasannin rubutun gajerun labarai bisa manufofi daban-daban, har yanzu ba a sami wani nazari da ya mayar da hankali kacokam a kan rawar da gasa ta taka a fagen gajerun labaran Hausa ba. Wannan dalilin ne ya haifar da gudanar da wannan bincike bisa manufar daddale gudummawar gasa wajen bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. Hanyoyin da aka bi wajen gudanar da binciken sun haɗa da neman bayanai tare da bibiya da halartar tarurruka da shirye-shiryen gasannin rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. An tuntuɓi masana da manazarta da kuma marubutan gajerun labarai. An yi amfani da kafar intanet wajen tattaro wasu bayanan. Haka kuma, an yi amfani da Ra'in Fagen Adabi (Literary Field Theory) na Pierre Félix Bourdieu (1930–2002) wajen bayyana yadda gasa take zama wani fage na samar da adabi da samun lambobin yabo, sai kuma Ra'in Zamantakewa da Al’adu (Sociocultural Theory) na Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (1896–1934) wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen bayyana yadda hulɗa da haɗin gwiwa a cikin gasa ke ƙarfafa koyo da ƙirƙira da bunƙasar adabi. Binciken ya gano cewa gasa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa tare da fito da sababbin marubuta da labaransu masu ƙunshe da saƙonni mabambanta daidai da ƙa’idojin da kowace gasa ta shimfiɗa.

Fitilun Kalmomi: Gudummuwa, Bunƙasa, Gasa, Gajeren Labari, Rubutun Hausa.

1.      Gabatarwa

Gajeren labari kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, taƙaitaccen labari ne wanda galibi yake ƙunshe da manyan taurarin da ba su wuce uku ba, cikin kalmomi ƙalilan da ba su gaza dubu ɗaya (1,000), kuma ba su wuce dubu bakwai da ɗari biyar (7,500) ba. Yana ƙunshe da wasu batutuwa na rayuwar zahiri ko ƙirƙirarru domin isar da wani saƙo cikin zubi sassauƙa. A ire-iren waɗannan labaran, ana warware ƙulli cikin sauri, ko kuma akan ƙare labari a buɗe, a bar mai karatu da yanke hukunci.

Gajerun labarai waɗanda aka wallafa su cikin littafi ko intanet da sauran hanyoyin rubutu da karatu na zamani, sun samu ne bayan samuwar rubutu da karatu a cikin duk al’ummar da aka same su. Haka kuma, fasahar samar da gajeren labari a matsayin nau’in adabi, ya daɗe a sassan duniya, ciki har da ƙasar Hausa. Duk da yake, gano asalin gajeren labari na baka zai yi wuya, amma bincike ya gano cewa wanda ya fara ƙirƙiro rubutun da ake iya gani a siffar gajeren labari (na adabi) shi ne Nicola Vasilievitch GoGol wanda aka haife shi a Sorochintsky ta ƙasar Rasha a shekarar 1809, shekarar da aka haifi Edgar Allen Poe a Baltimore. Daga waɗannan mutane ne za a iya riskar tushen samuwar rubutattun gajerun labarai (Bates 1972: Shf. 6 cikin Abdo El-Rahman, 1996: Shf. 7).

Gasa kuwa wani al’amari ne da ake shiryawa kuma a gudanar a tsakanin mutum biyu ko fiye a kan wani abu guda ɗaya domin fitar da gwani daga cikin gwanaye a kan wani abu ko al’amari. Kuma an ɗauki gasa a matsayin siyasa wadda kan sanya wani abu ya bunƙasa, ya watsu tare da barbazuwa a cikin al’umma ko ana so ko ba a so (Ɗan’amarya, 2012: Shf.50).

Saboda haka, gasa tana daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin da suka bunƙasa rubutun ƙagaggun labarai ƙasar Hausa. Shi ya sa wannan nazari ya keɓanta ga fito da gudummawar gasa wajen bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. Baya ga shimfiɗa, Aikin ya ƙunshi ra’o’in bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike. Akwai kuma waiwayen yadda gasar rubutun ƙagaggun labarai ta faro a ƙasar Hausa. Daga nan aka tuƙe da daddale bayanan gudummawar gasa a fagen bunƙasar gajerun labaran Hausa.

2.      Ra’in Bincike

Ra'o’i biyu aka ɗora kan wannan bincike, su ne Ra'in Fagen Adabi (Literary Field Theory) na Pierre Félix Bourdieu (1930–2002) da kuma Ra'in Zamantakewa da Al’adu (Sociocultural Theory) na Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (1896–1934). Dukkansu sun dace da bayyana rawar da gasa ke takawa wajen bunƙasa rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa.

Ra'in Fagen Adabi na Bourdieu, kamar yadda ya nuna a cikin aikinsa mai suna The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (1993), ya jaddada cewa adabi yana bunƙasa ne a cikin wani 'fage' na samar da al'adu da adabi inda marubuta da cibiyoyi da masu sharhi kan adabi da masu karatu suke mu’amala da juna (Bourdieu, 1993). A cikin wannan fage, irin tarin al’adun da suke tattare da fagen, kamar bayar da lambar yabo da samun ƙima da kyaututtukan adabi, suna taka rawa wajen bunƙasa nau’o’in rubutu. A mahangar adabin Hausa, gasa tana zama dandalin da matasa marubuta ke samun ƙima da yabo da sahalewa. Gasa tana ba da dama ga marubutan gajerun labarai su fafata, su nuna fasaha, su kuma samu amincewa daga takwarorinsu da masana. Wannan tsari yana taimakawa wajen kafa ƙa’idoji masu inganci tare da samar da sababbin marubuta da kuma tabbatar da gajerun labarai a matsayin muhimmin nau'i na adabin Hausa.

A ɗaya ɓangaren, Ra'in Zamantakewa da Al’adu na Vygotsky kamar yadda ya ɗabbaƙa a cikin aikinsa mai suna Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes (1978), yana bayani ne a kan yadda hulɗar zamantakewa da al’adu suke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ilimi da ƙirƙira. Vygotsky (1978) ya bayyana cewa, bunƙasar mutum tana da alaƙa kai-tsaye da ƙwarewarsa ta al’adu da hulɗar zamantakewa. Gasa a matsayin wata al’ada ta haɗin kai, tana samar da wani yanayi ga marubuta wanda yake ba su damar koyo daga junansu tare da musayar ra’ayi da inganta ƙwarewarsu ta rubutu. Baya ga bunƙasa ƙirƙira, tsarin rubutu don gasa yana ƙarfafa alaƙa da zumunci tsakanin marubuta. Hakan kuma ke taimakawa wajen ɗorewar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa.

A taƙaice, waɗannan ra'o'i biyu sun samar da cikakken ginshiƙi ga wannan bincike. Yayin da Ra'in Fagen Adabi ya bayyana yadda gasa take zama wani fage na samar da adabi da samun lambobin yabo, shi kuma Ra'in Zamantakewa da Al’adu yake bayyana yadda hulɗa da haɗin gwiwa a cikin gasa ke ƙarfafa koyo da ƙirƙira da bunƙasar adabi.

3.      Hanyoyin Gudanar da Bincike

Hanyoyi na kai-tsaye aka bi domin gudanar da wannan bincike. Hanyoyin sun haɗa da yawon neman bayanai tare da bibiya da halartar tarurruka da shirye-shirye da suka shafi gasannin rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. An tuntuɓi masana da manazarta da kuma marubutan gajerun labarai. Har ila yau, an yi karance-karance daga rubutattun bayanai da kuma amfani da na’urorin zamani da kafafen intanet da sauransu.

4.      Gasa da Bunƙasar Rubutattun Gajerun Labaran Hausa Bisa Faifai

Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa, gasar samar da ƙagaggen labarin Hausa tana da daɗaɗɗen tarihi, kusan ana iya cewa ita ce tushe na samuwar rubutaccen ƙagaggen labarin Hausa. Kuma abin sha’awa, ana jin an fara ƙoƙarin shirya gasa domin samar da ƙagaggen labarin Hausa tun a shekarar 1927 a Kwalejin Katsina, inda aka nuna cewa Abubakar Imam yana cikin waɗanda suka shiga gasar kuma ya yi nasara, amma fa abin da aka rubuta ɗin bai zo hannu ba. Duk da haka, ana danganta shekarar 1927 da mafarin rubutun labarin Hausa (Malumfashi, 2009).

4.1 Gasar Hukumar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Nazarin Harsuna da Al’adun Afirka

A shekarar 1929 Hukumar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Nazarin Harsuna da Al’adun Afirka mai mazauni a Ingila ta gudanar da wata gasa domin samar da littattafan zube daga harsunan Afirka ciki har da Hausa. A wannan gasa an samu labaran Hausa waɗanda suka sha yabo, wato Hausa Stories guda biyu na H.B.G Nuhu da na Malam Dodo, sai Zaman Dara na Malam Ahemed Mettedden da Littafin Karatu Na Hausa na Malam Bello Kagara da Takobin Gaskiya na Malam Nagwamatse sai kuma Labaran Hausa na Ɗan Malam Alƙali Sokoto (Ɗan’Amarya, 2012: Shf. 78). Duk da yake ba a samu labaran a hannun ba, amma ko daga jin sunayen wasu daga cikin waɗannan labarai, an gane cewa kundaye ne na gajerun labarai, misali Hausa Stories da Labaran Hausa. Bugu da ƙari, idan aka yi la’akari da littafin Hausa Stories na Malam Dodo za a tarar cewa ya rubuta shi ne ta hanyar harhaɗa tatsuniyoyin Hausawa. Saboda haka, wannan ya tabbatar da cewa tun a shekarar 1929 aka fara jin ɗuriyar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa waɗanda gasa ta samar.

Daga wannan lokaci, an cigaba da samun gasa domin samar da ƙagaggun labaran Hausa. Misali, gasar da Hukumar fassara ta shirya a shekarar 1933, da wadda Hukumar NNPC ta shirya a shekarar 1978, sai kuma gasar da Hukumar Kula Da Nazarin Al’adu ta Tarayya a shekarar 1980 da ta Hukumar Kula da Kyautata Fasaha da Al’adu ta Jihar Kaduna a shekarar 1988 (Ɗan’Amarya, 2012). Sai dai duk waɗannan sun samar da dogayen labarai ne, ba gajerun labarai ba.

4.2 Gasar Gidauniyar Bashir Ƙaraye

Gidauniyar Injiniya Muhammad Bashir Ƙaraye ta shirya gasa domin samar da rubutun zube tsawon shekaru uku a jere 2007 zuwa 2009. A cikin labaran da suka yi nasara a shekarar 2008 ne aka samu littafin Saba Ɗan Sababi na Hafsat M.A Abdulwaheed wanda ya zo na uku a gasar. Littafin ya kasance kundin gajerun labarai ne guda 12 masu alaƙa da juna, inda marubuciyar ta tsara su da zubi irin na littafin Magana Jari Ce 1-3 na Abubakar Imam, wato ta gina gajerun labaran da suke cikin littafin ne daga uwar labarin da ta ƙulla tun daga farko (Faruk, 2018). A taƙaice dai, littafin gajerun labarai ne masu ɗauke da darussa na nishaɗantarwa da tarbiyyantarwa waɗanda aka tsara domin samar da abokin hira ga masu sha’awar karatun littattafai. Ita kanta marubuciyar ta jaddada hakan a gabatarwar littafin:

“...wannan littafi na ɗaya ne kuma yana ɗauke da labarai goma sha biyu. Ina fatan wannan littafi zai zama abin koyon tarbiyya da kuma nishaɗantarwa ga masu karanta shi a cikin makarantu ne ko a wajen jama’ar gari, fatana kwalliya ta biya kudin sabulunta.” (Abdulwahid, 2008: Shf.7).

Daga wannan lokaci, an cigaba da gudanar da gasa jefi-jefi don samar da rubutattun gajerun labaran Hausa har zuwa lokacin da hukumomi da ƙungiyoyi da ɗaiɗaikun mutane suka rungumi sanya gasanni don rubuta gajerun labaran Hausa. Ana iya cewa abin da ya sake farfaɗo da rubuce-rubucen ƙagaggun labaran Hausa shi ne rungumar rubutun gajeren labari, wanda cikin batutuwan da suka bunƙasa shi akwai gasa wadda ita ce kan gaba, in ma ba a ce gasar ce kanwa-uwar-gami ba.

4.3 Gasar Makarantar Malam Bambadiya

A shekarar 2013 ne aka fara shirya gasa, musamman domin samar da rubutattun gajerun labarai lokacin Makarantar Malam Bambadiya (wani dandali a kafar intanet ta Facebook) a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Ibrahim Malumfashi. Wannan makaranta ta shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai a kan matsalar bara a ƙasar Hausa, wadda aka yi bikin bayar da kyaututtuka a watan Satumbar 2014 a Jami’ar Jihar Kaduna. An tsara za a buga labaran da suka shiga gasar kuma suka ƙayatar daga na 1 zuwa na 20 cikin littafin da aka raɗa wa suna Jamhuriyar Mabarata, sai dai har zuwa yau(2025), ba a samu buga wannan littafi ba.

Daga wannan lokaci, sai aka shimfiɗa tabarmar ware wani jigo na musamman domin sanya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai a kan shi.

4.4 Gasar Pleasant Library, Katsina

A shekarar 2018 an gudanar da gasar gajerun labarai a kan jigon talauci wanda Makarantar Malam Bambadiya suka haɗa gwiwa da Pleasent Library, Katsina suka ɗauki nauyi. Ita ma wannan gasar, ba a samar da littafi bugagge na labaran da suka yi nasara ba. Sai dai an bayyana labarai guda uku waɗanda suka lashe gasar, su ne;

i. “Matalauciyar Rayuwa” na Kabiru Yusuf Fagge (Anka)

ii. “A Sasanta” na Hassana Abdullahi Hunƙuyi

iii. “Da Sandar Hannunka” na Zakariyya Haruna Ɗanladi.

4.5 Gasar BBC Hausa

Tun daga shekarar 2016 hukumar gidan rediyon BBC da ke Landan suke sanya gasar Hikayata ta mata zalla domin rubutun gajerun labarai. Babbar manufar wannan gasa ita ce fitar da matsalolin da suke addabar mata daga bakin mata ‘yan’uwansu, kamar dai yadda Bahaushe ya ce ‘ciwon ‘ya mace na ‘ya mace ne.’ To sai dai ba a keɓe wani jigo na musamman da za a rubuta labaran a kai ba. Duk da haka, a bisa wannan fasalin, duk shekara ana fitar da labarai 100, sai a tace 25 waɗanda a cikinsu ne ake zaɓen 3 waɗanda suka yi zarra a matsayin na 1 zuwa na 3, tare da karrama marubutan nasu, inda na 4 zuwa na 12 kuma ake karanta su tare da ɗora su a kafafe da shafukan yanar gizo na BBC Hausa ɗin, irin su youtube da sauransu. Daga 2016 zuwa 2024, duk shekara ana fayyace labarai 3 da suka yi zarra a kowace shekara kamar haka:

Shekarar 2016:

i. “Sansanin ‘Yan Gudun Hijira” na A’isha Muhammad Sabitu

ii. “Sai Yaushe?” na Amina Alhassan Abdulsalam

iii. “In Da Rai” na Amina Gambo.

Shekarar 2017:

i. “Bai Kai Zuci Ba” na Maimuna Sani Beli

ii. “Zawarcina” na Bilkisu Sani Makaranta

iii. “Sana’a Sa’a” na Habiba Abubakar da Hindatu S.N.

Shekarar 2018:

i. “ ‘Ya Mace” na Safiyya Jibril Abubakar

ii. “Sunanmu Ɗaya” na Sakina Lawal

iii. “Zaɓina” na Bilkisu Muhammad Abubakar.

Shekarar 2019:

i. “Maraici” na Safiyya Ahmad

ii. “Ba A Yi Komai Ba” na Jamila Abdullahi Rijiyar Lemo

iii. “A Juri Zuwa Rafi” na Jamila Babayo

Shekarar 2020:

i. “Rai Da Cuta” na Maryam Umar

ii. “Numfashin Siyasa” na Surayya Zakari

iii. “Farar Ƙafa” na Rufaida Umar Ibrahim.

Shekarar 2021:

i. “Haƙƙina” na A’isha Musa Dalil

ii. “Butulci” na Nana Aicha Hamissou

iii. “Rahmat” na Zulaihat Alhassan.

Shekarar 2022:

i. “Gudun Gara” na Amira Souley

ii. “Haihuwar Guzuma” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa

iii. “Al’ummata” na Maryam Muhammad.

Shekarar 2023:

i. “Rina a Kaba” na A’isha Adam Usaini

ii. “Baƙin Kishi” na A’isha Abdullahi Yabo

iii. “Tuwon Ƙasa” na A’isha Sani Abdullahi

Shekarar 2024:

i. “Amon ‘Yanci” na Hajara Ahmed Hussaini

ii. “Kura a Rumbu” na Amrah Auwal Mashi

iii. “Tsalle Ɗaya” na Zainab Muhammad Chubaɗo.

Shekarar 2025:

i. “Tsalle Ɗaya” na Fadila Lamiɗo

ii. “Gobena” na Jamila Lawal Zango

iii. “Samarin Shaho” na Hafsat Tanko.

A ƙarshen gasar BBC Hikayata ta kowace shekara, ana karrama marubutan labaran da suka lashe gasar da kyaututtuka. Sai dai har yanzu ba a taɓa tattara waɗannan gajerun labarai cikin littafi ba, saboda manufarsu ita ce a saurara, ba a karanta ba. Sai dai ana wallafa su kuma ana sanya sautin murya na karatun labaran a shafin www.bbchausa.com.

4.6 Gasar Kamfanin Media Trust

 A shekarar 2020 kamfanin Media Trust da haɗin gwiwar Gandun Kalmomi da Open Arts sun shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai kan siyasa wanda sakamakon gasar ya samar da wani littafi na gajerun labarai mai suna Dambarwar Siyasa a shekarar 2021. Littafi ne da ya ƙunshi gajerun labarai 15 waɗanda aka tace daga cikin labarai 285 da suka shiga. Gajerun labaran da suka yi zarra a wannan gasar, wato waɗanda suka zo na 1 da na 2 da na 3, su ne:

i. “Dimokuraɗiyyar Talaka” na Rufaida Umar Ibrahim

ii. “Tufka da Warwara” na Mubarak Idris Abubakar

iii. “Ranar Ƙin Dillanci” na Ubaida Usman.

Sai kuma sauran labaran wato daga na 4 zuwa na 15, su ne “Komai Nisan Dare” na Yaseer Kallah da “Hassada Ga Mai Rabo” na Mustapha Sufyanu Jikan Malam da “Baki Guba Ne” na Basira Sabo Nadabo da “Tsaka Mai Wuya” na Salim Yunusa. Haka kuma, akwai “Kawalwalniya” na Mujaheed Ameen Lilo da “Kazar Kwanci” na Maryam Umar Sakkwato da “Ci Ga Rashi” na Isma’il Gambo da “Igiyar Linƙaya” na Hajara Ahmed Hussaini da “Kotun Allah Ya Isa” na Rufaida Abubakar Adam. Bayan haka, akwai “Zaɓin Allah” na Faridat Husain Mshelia da “Tsalle Ɗaya” na Nasiru Kainuwa Haɗejia da kuma “Yanayi” na Habib Sani Yahaya.

4.7 Gasar Gidauniyar Ɗangiwa

Arc. Ahmed Musa Ɗangiwa, a ƙarƙashin gidauniyarsa ta Ɗangiwa Literary Foundation, ya bayar da gudummawa gaya wajen bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa ta hanyar shirya gasa tun daga shekarar 2020, lokacin yana rike da matsayin Shugaban Bankin Kula da Muhalli da Tsarin Yanka Filaye na Tarayya (Federal Mortgage Bank), har zuwa 2024 da yake a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Tsara Birane na Tarayyar Nijeriya a yanzu(2023-2027).

Shekarar 2020

A shekarar 2020, gidauniyar Arc. Ahmed Musa Ɗangiwa ta shirya gasar samar da gajerun labarai na Hausa waɗanda za su haska mafita ga matsalolin muhalli irin su yanka fili ba bisa ƙa’ida ba da matsalolin gidan haya da matsalar mallakar muhalli a wuraren da ba su dace ba, da kuma yanayin aikin bankin bayar da lamunin gina gidaje na ƙasa.

Gajerun labaran da suka yi zarra, wato na ɗaya zuwa na uku su ne:

i. “Abun Da Ka Shuka” na Bashir Adamu

ii. “Laifin Wa?” na Bilkisu Muhammad Garkuwa

iii. “Sanin Hanya” na Aliyu Rabe Aliyu.

Akwai kuma labaran da suka samu yabo kuma aka bi su da kyaututtuka, su ne “Tushen Farin Ciki” na Ɗanladi Haruna da “Alaƙaƙai na Fatima Bello Bala da “Muhallinka Rayuwarka” na Kabir Yusuf Anka da “Gyara Kayanka” na Bello Sambo da “Awon Igiya” na Hafizu Koza Adamu. Sauran su ne “Kufcewar Salo” na Bamai Dabuwa da “A Rashin Sani” na Halima K. Mashi da “Labarina” na Binta Rabi’u Spikin da “A Yankinmu” na Fiddausi Musa, sai kuma “Rashin Jini...” na Ibrahim Mustafa Habib.

An fitar da sakamakon wannan gasa kuma an bayar da kyaututtuka ga waɗanda suka sami nasara a watan Disamba na shekarar 2020. Sannan an buga waɗannan gajerun labarai a cikin littafin da aka raɗa wa suna Muhalli, Sutura.

Shekarar 2022

Baya ga 2020, a shekarar 2022 ma Gidauniyar Arc. Ahmed Musa Ɗangiwa ta sake sanya gasa ta biyu domin rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa a kan matsalolin matasa, musamman abin da ya shafi taɓarɓarewar tarbiyya da zaman kashe-wando da ɗaukar makami da kuma safara da shaye-shayen kayan maye. Wannan gasar ta samar da littafin gajerun labaran Hausa wanda aka sanya wa suna Ɗaukar Jinka. Littafi ne da yake ɗauke da gajerun labarai 15, tun daga labaran da suka zo na 1 da na 2 da na 3, wato:

i. “Tun Ran Gini” na Amrah Auwal Mashi

ii. “Son Zuciya” na Rufaida Umar Ibrahim

iii. “Sara Suka” na Fatima Bello Bala da “Ka Fi Ɗan’uwa” na Jibrin Adam Jibrin Rano

Sauran labaran su ne “Alhaki Kwikuyo” na Rabi’atu Sani Katibu Mashi da “Sakaci” na Rahma Muhammad Kabir da “Maraici ko Son Zuciya” na Lantana Jafar da “Sanadi” na Khadija Lawan Daura. Sai kuma “Damar Tuba...” na Abu-Ubaida Sani da “Wanda Bai Ji Bari Ba...” na Nana Aicha Hamissou da “Ƙaddarata” na Ahmad Muhammad Adam da “A Dalilinsa Ne” na Adamu Ahmad Yarma da “...Wutar Ƙaiƙayi” na Ruƙayya Ibrahim Lawal da “Gadar Zare” na Maryam Umar Sokoto da kuma “Gobarar Daji” na Salim Hassan.

Shekarar 2024

 A shekarar 2024 kuwa, gasar Ɗangiwa ta samar da littafi mai suna Burina mai ƙunshe da gajerun labarai 16. Labaran da suka yi zarra a matakin na 1 da na 2 da na 3, su ne:

i. “Kabarin Burina” na Abu-Ubaida Sani da A’ishatu Muhammad Bazango.

ii. “Tarnaƙi” na Firdausi Muhammad Sodangi

iii. “Sauyin Tunani” na Lawan Muhammad PRP

Sauran labaran su ne “Maryamu” na Zainab Abdulrahman Aminu da “Sauyin Launi” na Faisal Haruna Hunƙuyi da kuma “Rai da Buri” na Lubabatu Isah Ingawa. Sauran sun haɗa da “ Zanen Ƙaddara” na A’isha Abdullahi Yabo da “Ɗan Hakin da ka Raina” na Hauwa Adam Sulaiman da “Babu Rashi ga Allah” na Fauziyya Sani Jibril da “Cikar Buri” na Faridat Husain Mshelia da “Matar Manya” na Nafisa Auwal Ƙaura Goje. Sai kuma “Mafarki” na Safna Aliyu Jawabi da “Labarina” na Salisu Tukur Gaiwa da “Burin Fatima” na Mubarak Idris Abubakar da “Haka, ba Haka ba” na Jamila Abdullahi Rijiyar Lemu da kuma “Duniyar Shahara” na Haruna Birniwa.

4.8 Gasar Gidauniyar Mun Gani a Ƙasa Foundation

Hada-hadar siyasa da yaƙin neman zaɓe, su ma sun taimaka wajen shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai na Hausa domin kuwa a shekarar 2022, gidauniyar Mun Gani a Ƙasa Foundation a jihar Katsina, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Injiniya Surajo Yazid Abukur, ta sanya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai da rubutacciyar waƙa a kan ɗan takarar gwamnan jihar Katsina na jam’iyyar APC, wato Dikko Umar Raɗɗa. An tattara labarai da waƙoƙin da aka zaɓa waɗanda suka yi zarra da kuma waɗanda suka sha yabo a cikin littafin da aka raɗa wa suna Mizani, wanda aka buga a shekarar 2023. Daga cikin gajerun labarai 10 da suka fito cikin littafin, waɗanda suka zo na 1 da na 2 da na 3, su ne:

i. “Rawar Gani” na Fatima Bello Bala

ii. “Tudun Tsira” na A’isha Adam Hussain

iii. “Shugaba Nagari” na Amrah Auwal Mashi.

Sai kuma sauran labarai 7 waɗanda suka sha yabo su ne, “Ɗan Takara ko Ɗan Siyasa” na Aliyu Rabe Daura da “Murnar Mata” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa da “Adali” na Maryam Naseer da “Wanda Bai Ji Bari Ba” na Mubarak Idris. Sauran su ne “Da Mai Kama Ake Ƙota” na Salisu Abdullahi da Sadiƙ Abubakar da “Nagari Nakowa” na Rabi’atu Abubakar Umar sai kuma “Cancanta Kawai” na Amina Dan’azumi. Duk labaran da waƙoƙin na siyasa ne, amma ko ba komai, wannan gasa mai ruhin siyasa ta taimaka wajen bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. Kuma an dubi abin da ya shafi tsarin shugabanci, wato zaɓen shugaba nagari abin koyi, aka turke jigon gasar rubutun gajerun labaran a kai.

4.9 Gasar Bukukuwa

Daga lokacin da gasar rubutun gajerun labarai ta zama jiki, sai ta kasance wata kafa ta sada zumunci tsakanin marubutan, musamman a lokacin bukukuwansu. Ta haka ne idan wani marubuci yana bukin murnar zagayowar ranar haihuwarsa ko bukin aure, ko wani bukin, nan ma sai ya sanya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai, musamman ga marubuta masu tasowa domin ƙarfafa masu gwiwa.

A irin wannan fasalin ne a shekarar 2020 aka sanya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai domin murnar bukin Fadila Aliyu Kurfi. Sakamakon gasar ya samar da gajerun labarai 10 waɗanda aka tattara aka samar da littafin Alƙalami... Labaran cikin littafin su ne “Ƙanin Miji” na Abdulkarim Papalaji da “Maza Gumbar Dutse” na Abba Abdulahi Gumel da “Ilimin ‘Ya Mace” na Zaidu Barmo da “Da Ban Haɗiya Ba” na Mubarak Muhammad da “Mugun Ƙawance” na Rahma Ahmad Muhammad da “An Daina Kiwon Dabba...” na Amina Dauda Abubakar da “Biyu Babu” na Idris Sa’id da “Ungulu Kazar Kowa” na Nasiru Kainuwa Haɗejia da “Kunne Ya Girmi Kaka” na Sadisu Shu’aibu Nguru da kuma “Shu’umar Ƙawa” na Sadiya Salisu Aliyu.

Bugu da ƙari, a shekarar 2022 lokacin da aka naɗa Aminu Alan Waƙa sarautar Sarkin Ɗiyan Gobir, ya sanya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai wadda ya raɗa wa suna “Gasar Tsibirin Gobir.” Gajerun labaran da wannan gasar ta samar daga na 1 zuwa na 10, sun haɗa da “Tsayuwar Wata” na Rahama Ahmad Muhammad da “Gidan Gandu2” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa da “Gyara Kayanka...” na Rufaida Umar da “Maraina Kaɗan” na Bilkisu Muhammad Garkuwa da “Wake Ɗaya” na Jibrin AJR Adamu da “Kifi Na ganinka...” na Hadiza D. Auta da “Kakata” na Nasiru Kainuwa Haɗeja da “Kowa Ya Bar Gida...” na Muhammad Bala Garba da “Al’adata Darajata” na A’isha Sani Abdullahi da “Ɗan Hakin Da Ka Raina...” na Hauwa’u Suleiman.

A shirye-shiryen Bukin Ranar Marubutan Hausa ta Duniya da aka gudanar a jihar Jigawa a ranar 31/12/2025, an shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa a kan gudummawar fasahar AI wajen inganta tsaro da tattalin arziƙi. Sakamakon gasar ya samar da littafi mai ƙunshe da gajerun labarai 28 mai suna Ninki Biyu. Labarai uku da suka yi zarra a matakin na 1 zuwa na 3, su ne:

i. “Riba Biyu” na Safnah Aliyu Jawabi

ii. “Ɗinkin Kwalba” na Nana Aicha Hamissou Abdoulaye da A’isha Sani Abdullahi

iii. “Idon Basira” na Muttaƙa A. Hassan da “Magani a Gonar Yaro” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa

Duk labaran da ke cikin littafin, ruhinsu shi ne gudummawar ƙirƙirarriyar basira(AI) ga tsaro da tattalin arziƙi. Kuma gasa ce ta samar da su.

4.10 Gasar Hukumar Tace Finafinai da Ɗab’i ta Jihar Kano

A shekarar 2024, Hukumar Tace Finafinai da Ɗab’i ta Jihar Kano ta shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. A zagayen farko an fitar da labarai 50 waɗanda aka tace aka fitar da 15 daga cikinsu waɗanda a cikinsu aka fitar da 3 waɗanda suka yi zarra, waɗanda su ne:

i. “Bahaushiyar Al'ada” na Zubairu Musa Balannaji

ii. “Gadon Gida Sai Da Horo” na Dalladi Z. Haruna

iii. “Bahaushe Mai Arziƙi Ne” na Hauwa Shehu

Sauran labarai 12 daga cikin 15 ɗin su ne, “Tushiya Masomin Dawa” na Aisha Adam Hussain da “Ɗanyen Kasko” na Fauziyya Sani Jibril da “Tsalle Ɗaya” na Fa'iza Muhammad Sajo da “Sakayya” na Habibu Muhammad Ayagi da “Bikin Fari” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa da “Gida Nesa Gida” na Isma'il Gambo da “Allon Kwaikwayo” na Maryam Abdullahi da “Dahuwar Ƙaho” na Nana Aicha Hamissou da “Kowanne Tsuntsu” na Rahama Ahmad Muhammad da “Sana'ata” na Rufaida Umar Ibrahim da “Ciki Mai Manta Kyautar Jiya” na Zubairu Abdulrahman Kasim da kuma “Wankan Jego” na Zuwaira Dauda Kolo. Ita ma wannan gasar, har yanzu ba a kai ga buga waɗannan labarai a littafi ba.

4.11 Gasar Bashir Tofa

A shekarar 2025, Kano Book Club tare da haɗin gwiwar The Third Space, sun gudanar da gasar rubutun gajerun labarai wadda aka raɗa wa suna, “Gasar Gajerun Labarai ta Bashir Tofa.” Manufar gasar ita ce bunƙasa al’adu da adabin Hausa ta hanyar haɓaka rubutun Hausa da samar da adabi. Har zuwa lokacin da wannan bincike ya kammala, ba a kai ga samar da bugaggen littafin da ya ƙunshi gajerun labaran da wannan gasar ta samar ba, sai dai labaran da suka yi zarra a matsayin na 1 zuwa na 3 a wannan gasar, su ne:

i. “Ilimi Kogi” na Hamza Sadiq Adam

ii. “Kazar Amarci” na Muntasir Shehu

iii. “Yaro Masomin Babba” na Hassana Abdullahi Hunƙuyi.

Sauran labaran su ne, “Ribar Adabi” na Rufa'i Abubakar Adam da “Wutar Kara” na Lantana Ja'afar da “Budurwar Zuciya” na Usman Ibrahim Ali da kuma “Tsaka Mai Wuya” na Madina Bala Hussain. Har ila yau, an bayyana cewa za a cigaba da tattarawa da tantance labaran ne har sai an sami adadin da ake buƙata domin buga littafin da zai ƙunshi labaran da suka cancanci bugawa daga cikin labaran da suka shiga gasar.

4.12 Sauran Gasanni

Baya ga waɗannan ma, ana iya cewa yanzu, gasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa ta zama ruwan dare, ta inda wasu zauruka na marubuta a kafafen sada zumunta ma sukan sanya gasar rubuta gajerun labarai cikin wani ƙanƙanin lokaci su ɗan bayar da na goro ga waɗanda suka yi nasara. Akwai kuma wasu gasannin da ake kan gudanarwa, ba a kai ga kammala su ba, ballantana a fitar da labaran da suka yi nasara. Daga cikin ire-iren waɗannan gasanni, akwai gasar gajerun labarai kan matsalar tsaro a Arewacin Nijeriya. Wannan gasa ce da Jami’ar Tarayya ta Dutsin-ma ta shirya a shekar 2024. A zagayen farko an tantance labarai 77 daga cikin 275 da suka shiga gasar. Daga cikin 77 ɗin ne aka tace 30 waɗanda suka dace da abin da aka nema. A cikin waɗannan labarai 30 ɗin ne za a sake tankaɗe da rairaya a ɗauki 20. Daga ƙarshe za a fitar da na 1 zuwa na 3 da kuma na 4 zuwa na 20 waɗanda za a karrama da kyauta da takardar karramawa, sannan kuma a buga labaran a matsayin littafi. Sai dai har zuwa lokacin tattara bayanan wannan bincike, ba a kammala fitar da sakamakon ƙarshe na gasar ba.

Akwai kuma gasar rubutun gajerun labarai da Ƙungiyar Marubutan Jihar Katsina (KMK) ta sanya a shekarar 2025. Duk da cewa har zuwa lokacin tattara bayanan wannan bincike, ba a kammala wannan gasar ba, amma a zagayen farko an fitar da labaran da za a fitar da zakaru a cikinsu a ɓangarori uku da aka shirya gasar a kan su, wato:

i. Hanyoyin Magance Matsalar Tsaro a Jihar Katsina

ii. Illolin Tallace-tallace ga 'Ya'ya Mata

iii. Hanyoyin Kawar da Ciwon Sankarar Mama.

Sauran ƙungiyoyin marubuta da suka ba da gudummawa wajen shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai sun haɗa da:

i. Hazaƙa Writers Association, a shekarar 2023

ii. Kyauta Daga Allah Foundation, a shekarar 2023

iii. Marubuta Whatsapp Group, a shekarar 2024, gasar da ta samar da littafin Abin Cikin Ƙwai...., mai ƙunshe da labarai 33.

iv. Arewa Writers Association, a shekarar 2025 da sauransu.

Wani lokacin kuma wasu marubutan da suke da kusanci da wasu ‘yan siyasa sukan yi amfani da wannan damar wajen shirya gasar rubutun gajerun labarai domin tallata manufofin wani ɗan siyasa da sauransu. Misali, a shekarar 2025 an gudanar da gasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa mai taken ‘Aiki Dai Malam’, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jigawa New Media domin fito da ayyukan Gwamnan Jihar Jigawa Malam Umar Namadi Ɗanmoɗi. An fitar da labarai 20 da suka tsallake tantancewa a zagaye na farko, daga cikinsu aka fitar da 3 waɗanda suka yi zarra, su ne:

i. “Salin-alin” na Nasiru Kainuwa Haɗeja

ii. “Malam Yana Kan Daidai” na Rufa’i Adam Abubakar Gombe

iii. “Gwanin Na Iya” na Hassana Labaran Ɗanlarabawa.

5. Sakamakon Bincike

Daga abin da ya gabata, an gano cewa gasa tana taimakawa gaya wajen cigaba da samuwa da bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. Wannan ya haifar da wasu siffofi na musamman waɗanda suka keɓanta ga rubutattun gajerun labarai na gasa. Ɗaya daga ciki ita ce kasancewar ana keɓanta su ga wani jigo na musamman a kowace gasa. Wato, suna da turkakken jigo. Shi ya sa dukkannin gajerun labaran gasannin da aka yi bayani a sama, suna da jigogin da suka keɓanta gare su. Alal misali, gajerun labaran gasar Ɗangiwa Literary ta shekarar 2020, ta samar da gajerun labarai ne a kan jigon tsarin muhalli da gini bisa ƙa’ida da kuma hanyoyin mallakar muhallin, yayin da a gasar 2022 aka samar da gajerun labarai masu jigon kyautata tarbiyya ga matasa. A shekarar 2024 kuwa, an samar da labarai a kan buri. Gasar Aminiya Trust da ta Mun Gani a Ƙasa kuwa duk sun samar da rubutattun gajerun labarai ne masu jigon siyasa; abin da ya shafi dambarwa da turka-turkar siyasar da kuma mizanin gane shugaba nagari cikin al’umma. Ita kuwa gasar BBC Hausa ba a keɓe mata wani jigo na musamman da ake rubutu a kansa ba, sai dai marubuta mata ne kawai ke shiga gasar, shi ya sa suka fi fito da matsalolin mata a labaran da suke samarwa a gasar.

An gano cewa gajerun labarai na gasa suna samun taciya daga ƙwararru, a yawancin lokuta malaman jami’a, da kuma wasu fitattun marubutan Hausa. Hakan yakan sanya a samar da labaran cikin wasu ƙayyadaddun dokoki da ake so labaran su bi kafin su samu shiga sahun zakaru a gasar. Saboda haka, ana lura da adadin kalmomi da ƙa’idojin rubutu da karin harshe da sauransu.

An gano cewa ‘yar ladar da ake ba marubutan da suka yi zarra a gasa tana ƙara masu ƙaimi wajen samar da labaru masu yawa domin shiga duk wata gasa da aka sanya. Hakan yake ba da damar bunƙasa rumbun adana rubutattun gajerun labaran Hausa cikin littattafai. Shi ya sa a yanzu, wasu gasannin da suka samar da rubutattun gajerun labarai ake taskace labaran cikin littattafai domin masu nazari da al’umma gaba ɗaya. Kuma haƙƙin mallakan waɗannan littattafai, na waɗanda suka sanya gasar ne.

6. Kammalawa

Bisa taƙaitawa, wannan nazari ya fito da gudummawar gasa wajen bunƙasar rubutun gajerun labaran Hausa. Baya ga shimfiɗa, an kawo ra’o’in bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike. An waiwayi yadda gasar rubutu ta faro a ƙasar Hausa, musamman abin da ya shafi rubutun ƙagaggun labarai. Daga nan aka tuƙe da daddale bayanan gudummawar gasa a fagen bunƙasar gajerun labaran Hausa. A ƙarshe kuma sai aka kawo sakamakon bincike.

7. Manazarta

Abdo El-Rahman, H. E. M. (1996). The Oral in Written: A Study of Orality in Selected West African Short Stories. Unpublished MA Dissertation. Department of English. Ahmadu Bello University.

Abdulwaheed, H. M. A. (2008). Saba Ɗan Sababi. Gidan Dabino Publishers.

Bates, H. E. (1972). The Mordern Short Story: A Critical Survey. Michael Joseph Ltd.

Bourdieu, P. (1993). The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature. Columbia University Press.

Ɗan’amarya, I. A. (2012). Tarihi da Gudummuwar Gasa a Samarwa da Bunƙasa Kagaggun Labaran Hausa. Kundin Digiri na Biyu. Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya. Jami’ar Usmanu Danfodiyo.

Faruk, A. (2018). Nazarin Biɗau a Cikin Littafin Saba Ɗan Sababi na Hafsat A.M Abdulwahid. Kadaura Journal of Hausa Multi-Disciplinary Studies Vol. 1, No. 4 January, 2018. Sh. 368-385.

Malumfashi, I. (2009). Adabin Abubakar Imam. Garkuwa Media Service Ltd.

Mujaheed, A. (2025). Nazarin Faruwa, Bunƙasa da Sigogin Rubutattun Gajerun Labaran  Hausa (1929-2024). Kundin Digiri na Uku. Sashen Koyar da Harsunan Nijeriya. Jami’ar Umaru Musa Yar’adua.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.