Hukuncin Wanda Ya Fada Cewa Ya Aikata Zina

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Assalamu alaikum. Malam ga tambayata kamar haka: Shin idan wadda aka yi zinan da ita ko wacce za a yi da ita ta fada maka, to wannan shaidar ya shaidu ne ko yaya.?

HUKUNCIN WANDA YA FAƊA CEWA YA AIKATA ZINA:

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Wa'alaikum salam. Idan wanda ya aikata Zina ko wacce ta aikata Zina ta/ya fadi cewa ya/ta aikata Zina, kuma acikin hayyacinsa yake/take to, wannan shaida ta isa a zartar da hukuncin Zina akansu basai an samu shaidu mutum huɗu ba. Saboda tabbatuwar Hadisai kamar haka:

An karbo daga Abu Hurayrah da Zayd ibn Khaalid al-Juhani (Radiyallahu anhum) sunce: Manzon Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) ya ce: Ya Unais gobe kaje wajen wannan matar idan ta yadda (cewa ta yi Zina) Ku jefe ta, (Unais) ya ce washe gari naje wajenta kuma ta fada (cewa ta yi Zina), Sai Manzon Allah (sallallahu alaihi Wa sallam) ya bada umarni aka jefe ta (har ta mutu). (Bukhari, 2575. Muslim, 1698).

Jabir (radiyallahu anhu) ya ruwaito cewa wani mutum daga kabilar Aslam ya zo wajen Manzon Allah (sallallahu alaihi Wa sallam) lokacin yana cikin masallaci sai (mutumin) ya ce: "NAYI ZINA" Sai Manzon Allah (sallallahu alaihi Wa sallam) ya kauda kansa daga mutumin, sai mutumin ya sake dawowa gefen da Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya juya fuskarsa, ya sake cewa NAYI ZINA har sau huɗu, Manzon Allah (sallallahu alaihi Wa sallam) ya ce: Kai mahaukaci ne? Sai (mutumin) ya ce "A'a" Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya ce ka yi aure? Ya ce "Eh" Sai Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya bada Umarnin a jefe shi a musallah (Filin sallar idi), da (mutumin) ya fara jin dirikkowar duwatsu sai ya gudu, saida aka kamo shi a Alharrah aka kashe shi. (Bukhaari, 4969; Muslim, 1691)

WALLAHU A'ALAM

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WALLAHU A'ALAM.

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Wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin fatahowin Musulunci da aka gina su kan Ƙur’ani da Hadisan Manzon Allah (SAW) waɗanda ake samu a shafukan Tambayoyi da Amsoshi na Sheik Malam Khamis Yusuf a Facebook, Telegram, da WhatsApp. Za ku iya bibiyar shafukansa domin karanta ƙarin fatawowi.

Ƙarin Bayani

1) Nassoshi daga Al-Qur’ani

(a) Suratu’l-Nūr — āyatu- 2 (hukuncin ga mai zina maraya/ba-auratayyu):

ٱلزَّانِيَةُ وَٱلزَّانِ وَٱجۡلِدُوا۟ كُلَّ وَٰحِدٍۢ مِّنۡهُمَا مِأۡةَ جَلْدَةٍۢ ۖ

“Mace mai aikata zina da namiji mai aikata zina —ku yi wa kowane daga cikinsu ɗari (100) na bulala.”

— Sūra An-Nūr 24:2.

(b) Suratu’l-Nūr — āyatu-4 (hukuncin qadhf — zargin zina ba tare da shaida ba):

وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ ثُمَّ لَا يَأْتُونَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ فَٱجۡلِدُوهُمْ ثَمَٰنِينَ جَلۡدَةًۖ وَلَا تَقۡبَلُوا۟ لَهُمۡ شَهَـٰدَةً أَبَدًاۚ

“Kuma waɗanda suke zargin matan tsarki (da zina) amma ba su zo da shaidu huɗu ba — to ku duka su (ku) bulala su su saba’in da goma (80), kuma kada ku taɓa karɓar shaidarsu nan gaba; lalle su ne mambobin masu fasiƙi.”

— Sūra An-Nūr 24:4.

(c) Suratu’l-Isrāʼ (Bani Isra’īl) āya-32 (ƙaramin gargadi ga neman kusanci zina):

وَلَا تَقۡرَبُوا۟ ٱلزِّنَىٰٓ ۖ إِنَّهُۥۤ كَانَ فَـٰحِشَةٗ وَسَآءَ سَبِيلٗا

“Kada ku kusanci zina; lalle ita babban alfasha ce kuma hanya muguwa ce.”

— Sūra Al-Isrāʼ 17:32.

2) Nassoshi daga Hadith (larabci + Hausa fassara) — shaida cewa furucin kansa (iqrār) na iya zama hujja

(a) Labarin Ma‘iz ibn Malik (Ma‘iz al-Aslami): ya zo Manzon Allah (ṣ) ya ce: “Na yi zina, tsarkareni.” An mayar da shi, ya zo sau 4, sai aka hana, a karo na huɗu sai aka yi masa hukuncin rājm (danaɗa/ƙashe da jifa). (Riwaya a Sahih Muslim: Book of Hadd, hadith no. 1695b / 4202 a wasu littattafai.)

النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى شَهِدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ … فَحُفِرَ لَهُ وَفُرِجِمَ

“Manzon Allah (ṣ) ya juya masa fuska har sai ya shaida kansa sau huɗu… sai aka hahɗa rami (domin rājm) aka jefa shi.” — Sahih Muslim (kitāb al-hudūd).

(b) Labarin “O Unais!” (Unays) — Manzon Allah (ṣ) ya ce: “Yă Unais! Je zuwa ga matar wannan mutumin, in ta yarda (ta amsa/ta furta) to a yi mata rājm.” Unais ya je ta furta, aka rājm ta. (Riwaya a Sahih al-Bukhari a wurare daban-daban).

«وَاغْدُ يَا أُنَيْسُ عَلَى امْرَأَةِ هَذَا، فَإِنِ اعْتَرَفَتْ فَارْجُمْهَا»

“Je, ya Unais, zuwa ga matar wannan; idan ta furta/ta amsa, to jefa ta da duwatsu (rājm).” — Sahih al-Bukhari (riwaya da yawa).

(ƙarin bayanin hadisin Ma‘iz da mata daga Muslim ya nuna cewa Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi addu'a kuma ya ce ta tuba sosai, sannan aka yi mata rājm sannan aka yi sallarta — wannan yana nuna cewa tuba ta kasance tushen shigar da rahama amma ba ta hana hukunci ba idan sharuɗɗa sun cika).

3) Mene ne ma’anar waɗannan nassoshi? — Ka’idoji da sharuɗɗan shari’a

Furucin kansa (iqrār) hukunci yake yiwuwa — a shariʿa an karɓi iqrār (adduka ko furucin mutumin cewa ya aikata zunubi) a matsayin hujja ta kai tsaye idan furucin an yi shi sau da yawa ba tare da tilastawa ba, kuma an tabbatar da sauran sharuɗɗa. Wannan shi ne abin da hadisan Ma‘iz, Unais, da sauran suka nuna.

Sharuɗɗan da ake dubawa kafin aiwatar da hadd ta rājm (adultery of muhsin = married person):

Furucin dole ne ya kasance na lafiyar hankali (ba hauka ko rashin hankali ba). (Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi tambaya: “Are you mad?” a riwayar Bukhari).

Furucin dole ne ya kasance gaskiya, na son rai, ba a tilasta ba, kuma an tabbatar mutumin muhsan (ma’auraci). (Muslim: an tambayi mutanen gida su shaida ko akwai matsala ta hankali).

Idan mace ta furta ta kasance ciki, hukuncin hadd (rājm) an dage har sai ta haihu (Muslim 1695b).

Idan wanda aka zarge shi bai furta ba, Qur’an ya tanadi shaidu huɗu (bayyina) don tabbatar da zina (idan ba hujjoji ba): suna bukatar shaidu huɗu masu gaskiya da suka ga lamarin fili-fili (An-Nūr 24:4). Idan wanda ya zarge bai kawo shaidu huɗu, to sai a hukunta shi da qadhf (80 bulala) saboda ƙaryar zargi.

Ga maraya (ba-auratayyu): hukuncin Qur’ani mafi bayyananne ga waɗanda ba mazauna aure ba shi ne 100 bulala (An-Nūr 24:2). Wannan daban ne da rājm da ake yi wa maurasu (hadisi-based).

Haƙƙin ɗaukakar shari’a: Kotu/mai hukunci dole ne ya tabbatar cewa furucin bai kasance karkashin tilasta ko azaba ba; dole ne a tabbatar cewa mutum ya sani kuma ya furta da yardarsa. Haka zalika jami’an shari’a (qāḍī) suna bincike kafin aiwatar da hadd. (Fahimta daga tsarin fiqh na manyan makarantu).

4) Amsar tambayarka a sauƙaƙe (ƙarƙashin yanayi)

Idan wacce aka yi zina ko wanda ya aikata zina ya zo ya furta a cikin yanayi na hayyacinsa (amma yace a maimaita sau da yawa, ba a tilasta ba), to wannan furucin yana iya zama hujja kuma ake iya zartar da hukunci idan an tabbatar da sharuɗɗa (sane, muhsan, babu tilasta, iqrār sau huɗu ko tabbaci). Wannan yana bayyane a hadisan Ma‘iz da labarin Aslam.

Idan wanda ya furta bai cika sharuɗɗan ba (mis. ƙanana, hauka, tilasta), to furucin ba zai kai ga aiwatar da hadd ba; a bincika, a hukunta ko a tuba a gashin ƙa’ida. (Manzon Allah ﷺ ya tambayi “are you mad?” kafin yanke hukunci a riwaya).

Idan mutum ya zarge wani kuma ba shi da hujja (ba shaidu huɗu), to mai zargin ya kasance mai laifi na qadhf kuma hukuncin Qur’ani shine a bulale shi/ita 80 sannan a ƙi shaidarsa gaba. (An-Nūr 24:4).

5) Halin ruhaniya da shawara (abu mai muhimmanci)

Tuba da neman gafara — duk wanda ya yi zunubi ya tuba gaskiya: Allah yana cewa kar a yi ƙauna daga rahamarsa. (An-Naml 39:53) — tuba da canji na hali mafi soyuwa.

Idan mutum ya furta ya aikata zina, ya kamata a ja hankalinsa zuwa tuba ta gaskiya (tunanin abin da ya yi, nisantar sababi), kuma a nemi shari’ar da ta dace ta hanyar hukuma idan akwai bukata; kada jama’a su yanke hukunci da kansu. (Shari’a tana da jami’ai da ka’idoji).

Kada a yada zarge-zarge ba tare da hujja ba — domin Qur’an ya yi barazana ga mai qadhf. (An-Nūr 24:4).

A kula da shari’a, adalci, da jin ƙai — hadisan nuna cewa Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi addu’a ga waɗanda suka tuba ko suka nuna nadama. (Muslim: ya ce tuba ta mata tana ƙarƙashin rahama).

6) Mahimman Manazarta (domin ƙarin karatu / tabbatarwa)

Al-Qur’ān — Sūra An-Nūr (24:2,4), Sūra Al-Isrāʼ (17:32).

Sahih Muslim — riwayar Ma‘iz/ma‘ida/ mata Ghamidiya (Book of Hudud, hadith no. kusa da 1695b/4202).

Sahih al-Bukhari — riwayar “O Unais!” (an samu a littattafan Bukhari a faɗin bugu daban-daban).

Littattafan fiqh da aikin shaida (bayyina/iqrār) — duba littattafan fiqh (Al-Mughni, Ibn Qudama; bayanai a kan iqrar da shaidu).

Kammalawa

E: Idan mutum ya furta cewa ya aikata zina, furucin kansa (iqrār) na iya zama hujja wadda za a iya ɗauka a ƙarƙashin shari’a idan an tabbatar da sharuɗɗan: fahimta/sani, rashin tilasta, kasancewa muhsan (idan rājm ake yi), da maimaita iqrār (wasu riwayoyi sun nuna sau huɗu kafin aiwatar da hukunci).

Amma: idan akwai wata shakka (ƙuruciya, hauka, tilasta, ko rashin sauran sharuɗɗa), ko kuma idan zargi ne daga wani ba tare da hujja ba, to akwai ƙa’ida ta Qur’ani da Hadisi da ke kare marasa laifi da hana qadhf.