Citation: Bakori, A.D., Adamu, S. & Zuntu, Y.I. (2024). Dangantakar Adabi Da Tarihi: Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar a Bakin Sa’idu Faru (Malamin Waƙa, Maikwana Ɗumi Na Mamman Na Balaraba). Four Decades of Hausa Royal Songs: Proceedings from the International Conference on the Life and Songs of Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru, 3(3), 299-306. www.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i03.040.
Dangantakar Adabi Da Tarihi: Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar a Bakin Sa’idu Faru (Malamin Waƙa, Maikwana Ɗumi Na Mamman Na Balaraba)
Daga
Abubakar Ɗalha Bakori
Kwalejin Kimiyya Da Fasaha
Ta Gwamnatin Tarayya, Kaduna
dabakori@kadunapolytechnic.edu.ng
08020988664/08096450568
Da
Sulaiman Adamu
Kwalejin Kimiyya Da Fasaha Ta Gwamnatin Tarayya,
Kaduna
Sulaimanadamu45440@gmail.com
07036972551
Da
Yusuf Ibrahim Zuntu=
Sashen Harsunan Nijeriya Da Kimiyyar Harsuna, Jami'ar
Jihar Kaduna
Yzuntu@gmail.com
08066665052/08080806147
Tsakure
Adabin baka na Hausa wani
babban kogi ne da sai dai a kamfata a bar shi, a ƙarƙashinsa aka samar da gurbin makaɗan fada, makaɗan da ke yi wa sarakuna kiɗa da waƙoƙin yabo da zuga da kwarzanta su, sukan kuma
bayyana wasu kyawawan halayensu da nasabar iyayen gidansu. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru (Malamin waƙa) ya kasance makaɗin Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar lokacin yana Sarkin Kudu, watau
uban ƙasar Talatar Mafara. Waƙoƙin da Sa’idu Faru ya yi wa Sarkin Kudun Sakkwato
Muhammadu Macciɗo cike suke da ambaton nasaba da yabo da tarihi da fata
da sauransu, masu iya magana na cewa: “Kyawon maroƙi ya roƙe ka da iyayenka.” Manufar wannan takarda ita
ce fakewa da wasu waƙoƙin da malamin waƙa Sa’idu Faru ya yi da ya bayyana asali da
nasaba da kuma halayen Sarkin Kudun Sakkwato. Domin tabbatar da wannan batu, an saurari fayafayai da mawaƙin ya yi lokacin rayuwarsa, an duba litattafai da masana suka
rubuta da ke da alaƙa da wannan batu. Har wa yau, an kuma duba muƙalu. Nazarin ya gano cewa Sa’idu Faru (Malamin waƙa) ya naƙalci harshen da yake waƙa da shi, wannan ya ba shi damar zaɓen kalmomin
da yake ƙulla zaren waƙoƙinsa su dace da turakun da ya ɗora waƙarsa a kai.
Keɓaɓɓun Kalmomi: Adabin
baka da tarihi da waƙa da Sa’idu Faru da Sarkin Musulmi Macciɗo.
Gabatarwa
In dai ana maganar kiɗa da waƙa, makaɗa da mawaƙan ƙasar Hausa, musamman irin gagarumar gudummuwar
da makaɗan da ake kira makaɗan fada ko makaɗan sarakuna suka bayar wajen taskace tarihin
masarautu da fito da masarauta da kuma sarakunan ƙasar Hausa dole a sa da makaɗa Sa’idu Faru (Malamin waƙa). Kasancewar shi ne makaɗin Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar na wani tsawon lokaci, bugu da ƙari waƙoƙin da ya yi wa Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo sun taimaka wajen ƙara fito da shi ya kuma shahara aka san da shi
har ya zama makaɗi kuma abin nuni da tarihin makaɗa da mawaƙan ƙasar Hausa ba zai cika ba sai an lissafa da
shi.
Masana, musamman na ɓangaren adabi, sun rarraba makaɗa zuwa rukuni-rukuni, daga ciki akwai waɗanda aka yi wa laƙabi da makaɗan sarakuna ko makaɗan fada (Gusau, 2008:137).Ba wai Sa’idu Faru
(Malamin waƙa) ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin makaɗan fada da Allah ya albarkaci wannan yanki da su. Ga abin da makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ke cewa da kansa:
Gindin
Waƙa: Alhaji Macciɗo Jikan Mamman:
Jagora: Sa’idu
Faru ka waƙar iko,
Amshi: Komai kaj jiya ƙarya akai,
Sa’idu
Faru ka waƙar mulki,
Komi kaj
jiya ƙarya akai, (Gusau, 2008:144).
Sa’idu Faru ya kasance makaɗin Sarkin Kudu Uban ƙasar Talatar Mafara.Tsawon lokacin da Sa’idu
Faru ya kasance da Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo ya yi masa waƙoƙi masu yawan gaske da ya girka su kan mabambanta
turaku.Waƙoƙin da ya aza su kan turken yabo yana yin amfani da tubalan
kyauta da ambaton nasaba da asali da fata da kyawon hali da zuga da habaici da
makamantansu. Saboda haka wannan takarda ta fake da wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru domin fahimtar Sarkin Kudu
Muhammadu Macciɗo da nasabarsa da kyawawan halayensa. Bugu da ƙari, an kuma tabbatar da wanzuwar waɗannan
turaku da ya turke waƙarsa a kansu.
Adabi Da Rabe-rabensa
Tun ba
yau ba, masana irin su Ɗangambo, (1984) da Umar (1987) da Gusau, (1993 da 2011) da Hassan
(2016) da Shehu (2016) da Bello (2020) duk sun yi lugudan alƙalumma kan ma’anar kalmar adabi da rabe-rebenta. A mahangar Hassan,
(2016) ya bayyana adabi da cewa hikima da fasahar al’umma ce a magance ko a
rubuce. A yayin da Aminu da Bello (2020) su ka ce adabi hoto ne na rayuwar
al’umma da ke tantance tunaninsu da hikimomin rayuwarsu da yadda suke tunkarar su da ka
ko a rubuce.
An
rarraba adabi zuwa manyan rukunoni guda biyu, watau adabin gargajiya da
rubutaccen adabi, a ƙarƙashin na gargajiya ne ake da waƙoƙin baka, Bunza (2016:18) ya ce waƙa
gishirin tafiyar da rayuwa ce. Masana sun ƙara kasa na gargajiya zuwa sassa daban-daban, daga
ciki akwai makaɗan fada ko sarakuna. Gusau, (2008:137) ya ce makaɗan fada su ne waɗanda ke yi wa fada da jami’anta kiɗa da waƙa da kaɗa take. A ɓangare
guda kuma ana hasashen yawaitar makaɗan fada wata babbar ishara ce ta nuna gurbin waƙoƙi da mawaƙa ga al’umma. Shi kuwa Gusau, (2008:138) cewa ya yi makaɗa sun
sami shiga da ɗaukaka a wurin Sarakunan ƙasar
Hausa domin suna yabo da zuga da cicciɓa Sarakuna da yi masu nasiha da gargaɗi.
Taƙaitaccen
Tarihin Sa’idu Faru
Bayanai
sun nuna an haifi Sa’idu Faru a wajen shekara ta 1932, a garin Faru da ke cikin
ƙasar Maradun, a ƙaramar hukumar Talatar Mafara. Ana masa laƙabi da “Ɗan’umma” sunan da matar ƙanen
mahaifinsa ta sa masa kasancewar ba ya faɗin sunanta. Shi kansa Sa’idu Faru yana yi wa kansa kirari da cewa:
“Ɗan’umma Rungumi,
Ɗan’tumba Rungumi, (Gusau, 2005:117).
Sa’idu
Faru ya gaji gadon kiɗa ta wajen mahaifnsa watau makaɗa Abubakar Ɗan Abdu, ita kuwa mahaifiyarsa ta fito daga Banga da ke ƙasar Ƙauran Namoda. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi makarantar allo, ya yi zurfi a karatun alƙur’ani mai girma.
Sunan mahaifin
Sa’idu Faru makaɗa Abubakar ɗan Abdu, shi kuma makaɗa Alu mai kurya ne ya haife shi. Kasancewar Sa’idu Faru ya yi gadon
waƙa, wannan ya ba shi damar fara koyon waƙa a wajen mahaifinsa tun yana ɗan shekara goma lokacin da aka fara zuwa yawon kiɗa
gari-gari da shi. Lokacin da
ya kai shekara goma sha shida sai ya fara yin karɓi, da tsohonsa ya rasu sai ya ɗauki gabatar waƙa, (Gusau, 2005:119). Bayan da Sa’idu Faru ya
samu cin gashin kansa, watau ya fara shirya waƙa.Ya kasance yana shirya waƙoƙinsa kafin ya fita zuwa ga waɗanda zai yi wa. Kodayake wata waƙar takan zo ba tare da an shirya ta ba, sai dai
tun farko akan san sunayen iyayen sarkin da na kakanninsa da danginsa da duk
wanda ambaton sunansa zai taimaka wajen fito wa da ƙara dadin waƙar, (Gusau, 2005:121). Sa’idu Faru ya fara da
wata waƙa mai daɗin da ke ƙunshe da tarin hikimomi da ya yi wa Sarkin Yamman
Faru Ibrahim, ga abin da yake cewa:
Gindin
waƙa: Bi da maza Ɗan Joɗa na Iro,
Iro magajin Shehu da Bello,
Jagora: Hasken hitila ba ɗai da wata ba,
Tauraro
haskenka subahin,
Dawaya
kora ɗimau na Wakili,
Uban sarkin Zagi Bello na Yari, (Gusau, 2oo5:119).
Saidu Faru yana kyutata waƙoƙinsa sakamakon ƙwaƙwalwar da ya ke da ita da hikima kuma ya
kasance mai fasaha da naƙaltar harshe wannan ya sa ya iya ƙulla zaren ɗiyan waƙarsa su hau kan turken waƙarsa, ga abin da ya ke cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Alhaji Macciɗo Jikan Mamman,
Shi kiɗa
sarauta na.
Amshi: Sai in wanda kai ma yaz zan domozo,
Shi kiɗa sarauta
na
Sai in
wanda ka yi wa yaz zan dagazau,
(Gusau, 2008:144).
Da ya ke
tabbatar da cewa shi gadon kiɗa ya yi kuma a kan shi ya ƙware ga
abinda ya ke cewa da kansa:
Gindin Waƙar: Koma Shirin daga na Bubakar:
Mu ka kiɗa, mu ak
kiɗa.
Amshi: Sabo da Allah yay yi wa gudummuwa,
Da waƙa haw wata na ije wata…….
Sa’idu
Faru ya ƙara tabbatar da cewa shi makaɗi ne da ya ke cewa:
Gindin Waƙar: Farin cikin Musulmin Duniya:
Sa’idu malamin waƙa,
Amshi: Mai
kwana lazumi na Mamman na Balaraba”x2
Malamin waƙa, Sa’idu Faru ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin makaɗan fada, da ke yi wa sarakuna da masu riƙe da mƙamai a fada waƙa, Gusau, (2008: 120) ya ruwaito Sa’idu Faru
na cewa “Sai Sarki na ka yi wa waƙa” ya ƙara da cewa “idan sarki ya ɓata ma rai sai ka yi masa habaici cikin waƙarsa, sai rai nai ya ɓaci.” Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar ya kasance uban gidan Sa’idu Faru
lokacin da yake Sarkin Kudu, Sa’idu Faru ya tabbatar da haka a wasu ɗiyan waƙarsa da ya ke cewa:
Jagora: Muhammadu dalilinka niz zamni Hausa,
Amshi: Kwas san mu gidan ga nan anka san mu,
Kuma ba mu wuce nan ba nan munka dage,
Banzo gidan Ɗanɓaita niy yi roƙo ba,
Ko ya raba lafiya ba ruwa na.
Gindin Waƙa: Bajimin gidaan Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo ci Maraya.
Har yau
ya sake tabbatar da cewa Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo ne
uban gidansa da ya ce:
Gindin Waƙa: Farin cikin Musulman Duniya,
Mai
martaba na Abubuakar ci fansa Alhaji Macciɗo.
Jagora: Ban wuce gonata da iri ba, inda Sarkin Kudu nats tsaya.
Makaɗa Sa’idu
Faru ya rasu a cikin shekara ta 1987, (Gusau, 2008:406).Ya rasu ya bar matan aure uku
da ‘ya’ya ishirin da shida. Ƙanansa Mu’azu shi ya hau halifa bayan rasuwar Sa’idu Faru,
dama can Mu’azu shi ne Ɗangaladimansa yana yin ƙari da ƙulli a waƙoƙin da suke yi da Sa’du Faru.
Haka
kuma an samu wata waƙa da Sa’idu Faru ya yi wa Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar na III, da
yake cewa:
Gindin waƙa: Koma shirin yaƙi mai martaba ɗan Moyi,
Dangalin Musulman Nijeriya Usumanu.
Ya kuma yi wa sarkin Kiyawa Abubakar Ƙaura, da yake cewa:
Gindin
waƙa: Gwabron giwa na Shamaki baba uban Gandu,
Abu gogarman Magaji mai kamsakalin daga.
Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya kuma yi wa Sarkin Kano Alhaji Ado bayero
da Turakin Kano Amadu da Sarkin Sudan Shehu Wurno da Sarkin Fulanin Bunguɗu da Sarkin Zamfaran Zurmi da sauransu. Allah ya yi wa Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru rasuwa a cikin shekara ta 1987, (Gusau, 2008:406).
Taƙaitaccen
Tarihin Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo
Abubakar na III
Sarkin Musulmi basarake ne kuma ɗan siyasa, mutum ne mai adalci, tausayi, haƙuri, juriya, sadauki ga shi kuma mai son zaman
lafiya.Ya ba da gudummuwa a lokacin da yake aiki a N.A a matsayin mai ba da
taimako a ofishin kansila (Office Assistance).
An haifi
Sarkin Kudu, kuma Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo a cikin shekara ta 1926, a cikin garin Dange. Asalin sunansa shi ne Muhammadu
Bello, ana yi masa laƙabi da Macciɗo, wadda kalma ce ta Fulatanci da ke nufin “Allah ya raya”.
Kamar
yadda yake a al’adar ƙasar Hausa, Muhammadu Macciɗo ya fara karatun addini a gida tun yana ƙarami, ya fara karatun boko a makarantar Elimentare da ke Unguwar Hakki,
ya kuma yi makarantar Nagarta wacce ake kira Midil. Ya halarci makarantar clerical Training school da ke Zariya
tsakanin shekara ta 1947 zuwa 1949. A tsakanin shekara ta 1952-1953 ya wuce kwalejin South Devon da ke ƙasar Biritaniya ya samu diploma.
Sarkin
Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar, ya yi aikace-aikace da dama inda ya riƙe muƙaman gwamnati daga ciki akwai kansila a ma’aikatar Raya Karkara (Counsiler
for Rural Development) ya yi kwamishinan kiwon lafiya da kuma kwamishinan ayyukan
noma a sabuwar jihar Arewa-yamma, (North-west State) da ke ƙunshe da
jihohin Sakkwto da Kebbi da Zamfara da Naija.Ya kuma shiga cikin harkokin siyasa har ya
yi takarar kujerar gwamna. Ya zama wakilin majalisar dokokin jihar Arewa da ke
Kaduna. A shekara ta 1953 aka naɗa shi Sarkin Kudun Sakkwato Hakimin Talatar Mafara.Ya zama shugaban
majalisar cikin gida ta Daular Musulunci (Inner council) a tsakanin shekara ta
1985 zuwa 1988.
A shekara
ta 1952 aka ba Sarkin Kudu sarautar Ciroman Sakkwato, Ashekara ta 1996, ya ci
sarautar Sarkin Musulmi, fatar da Malamin waƙa Sa’idu
Faru ya yi.
Gindin Waƙa: Shugaban safun gabas riƙa ƙwarai,
Muhammadun Amadu Uban zagi.
Amshi: Hwatar da ni kai wa Rabbana,
Ka gaji gidan Sarki Abu,
Dan daraj jar halifar Ɗanfodiyo.
Jagora: Ka gaji gidan Abu dan muƙamin
Mamman Tukur.
Allah ya yi wa Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo rasuwa ranar 29/10/2006, lokacin yana da
shekaru tamanin (80), sakamakon wani mummunan hatsarin jirgin sama da ya rutsa
da shi, bayan ya kwashe tsawon shekaru goma kan karagar mulki.
Turakun Wasu Waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru
Kalmar turke a waƙa, kalma ce da ta samu ma’ana da yawa, Gusau, 2002:28)
ya ce turke a waƙa na nufin manufa ko saƙon da waƙa ke ɗauke da shi. Kenan za a iya ce wa turke shi ne babbar
manufar da aka ɗora waƙa a kai.Waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru, waƙoƙi ne da suke ɗauke da mabambantan turaku, daga ciki akwai
turken yabo da zuga da wa’azi.
Turken Yabo
Turken
yabo, wani babban turke ne da makaɗa musamman makaɗan fada ke gina waƙoƙinsu a kai,
Sa’idu Faru ya kasance yana gina waƙoƙi a kan wannan turke. A yayin da yake gina waƙoƙinsa a kan wannan turke, yana amfani da tubulan
nasaba ko asali da kyauta da kyawon hali da addini da cicciɓa/zuga da habaici da sauransu. Gusau, (2008:376)
ya ce, mawaƙa na gina turken yabo ta amfani da tubulai da suka haɗa da addini da asali ko nasaba da kyauta ko
karanci da jaruntakar iya mulki da kirari da habaici da zambo da sauransu.
Turken Yabo Zalla
Malamin waƙa Sa’idu Faru ya gina wasu waƙoƙin da ya yi wa Sarkin Kudu a kan yabo zalla, da
yake cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Kana
shirye Baban ‘Yan Ruwa,
Na Bello
jikan Ɗanfodiyo.
Jagora: Maganag
ga da zan hwaɗa maka x2
Amshi: Gagarau
ɗan Alu
kai man gahwara,
Wadda dud aka gadon ɗaukaka,
Wadda duk aka gadon ƙasura,
Wadda duk aka gadon ci gaba,
Mamman
ka gadi Abubakar,
Ko da sayen halin nan akai…
A wani ɗan makaɗa Sa’idu
Faru ya na cewa:
Gindin
Waƙa: Kana shirye Baban ‘Yan Ruwa,
Na Bello
jikan Ɗanfodiyo.
Jagora: Na kai bakin Bahar maliya,
Amshi: Sai
ni ishe Larabawan wurin,
Suna ta
waƙar Sarkin Kudu,
Rai nai
ya daɗe sarkin Kudu,
Ali
sabbi nanin ɗan Amadu,
Allah
shi ƙara mai nasara,
Ɗan mai
daraja ɗan Amadu,
Sannan
mai daraja shi yay yi shi,
Shi na
gida zamne Sakkwato,
In yay
sallah yay casbaha,
Haske na
shi an nan kallo mukai.
Makaɗa Sa’idu
Faru ya kuma ambaci haƙurin da uban gidansa ke da shi da ya ce:
Gindin
Waƙa: Bajimin gidan Bello Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
Jagora: Na Marafa Ɗanbaba mai ture haushi,
Amshi: Na Sarkin Gabas duniya hori wawa,
Bai gaji
sake ba Mamman na Bora,
Toron giwa uban Bello Mado,
Duk Hausa ba mai haƙuri nai,
Jagora: Na Magaji mai assabar Ɗan
ma’azu,
Amshi: Irin assabar Bubakar baba yay yo,
Sarkin
Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
A wani ɗan waƙar Malamin waƙa Sa’idu Faru ya bayana cewa ba mutane ba hatta itatuwa da namun
daji suna ƙaunar Sarkin Kudu saboda kyawon halinsa.
Gindin Waƙa: Kana shirye Baban ‘Yan Ruwa
Na Bello jikan Ɗanfodiyo.
Jagora: Babban daji kake ɗan Abu,
Amshi: Ko
ice ko namun dawa,
Ko manya ko ‘yan ƙanana,
Da mutum da dabba da itatuwa
Kowaƙ aunar Mamman ya kai,
Mamman jikan Attahiru,
Baba na Sidi,
Maman gwarzon cika.
Har wa
yau, makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ambato wasu kyawawan halaye da Sarkin kudu yake da
su:
Gindin Waƙa: Kana shirye Baban ‘Yan Ruwa,
Na Bello jikan Ɗanfodiyo:
Jagora: Kashi bakwai kak kwasa,
‘Yan
Sarki na kallo,
Gadon
bani kai kak kai,
Ga ka ɗan mai
daraja
Ga ka jikan Usumanu,
Ƙurɗabi na Fodiyo,
Ga ka
sarkin nasara,
Ga ka
Alhaji Macciɗo,
Ga jakka
ta yi dubu,
Ga ka
Mallami ka ke,
Ga ka mumini ka ke
Baba
Allah yai maka”.
A wani ɗan waƙar, Sa’idu Faru ya ƙara
Gindin
Waƙa: Kana shirye Baban ‘Yan Ruwa,
Na Bello
jikan Ɗanfodiyo.
Jagora: Irinka daban da maza x2
Amshi: Duk mazan yau banga kama tai ba x2 “.
Waɗannan wasu daga cikin tubbulan da makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi amfani da su wajen gina
turken waƙarsa ta yabon uban gidansa Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo.
Turken Yabo Tubullan Nasaba/Asali Da Dangantaka
Yabo na
daga cikin manyan turakun da mawaƙan baka
ke ɗora wasu waƙoƙinsu a kai. A yayin da suke ƙoƙarin tabbatar da wannan turke sukan yi amfani
da tubullan nasaba ko asali da kyauta da zuga da kambamawa da habaici da
makamantansu.
A yayin da makaɗa ke ƙoƙarin ƙulla waƙarsu, sukan yi ƙoƙarin ambaton wasu kalmomi da suka dace da
turken da ya ɗora waƙarsa akai. Alal misali, ambaton nasaba da
asali ko danganta ko jingina uban gidansa ko sarki ko wanda aka yi wa waƙa da mahaifinsa ko kakanninsa na kusa ko na
nesa mai nisa na daga cikin tubullan da suke amfani da su a waƙoƙin yabo.
Akwai wasu ɗiyan waƙa da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ambaci nasabar uban gidansa, watau
Sarki Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar:
Gindin Waƙa: Farin
cikin Musulman Duniya,
Mai martaba na Abubakar,
Ci fansa Alhaji Macciɗo.
Jagora: Dubi
ƙafarka zuwa hannuwa x2,
Amshi: Komai
Shehu na ba wata zaida x2,
Sarkin Musulmin wata ran.
Awannan ɗiyan waƙar sama da wannan na ƙasa, Sa’idu
Faru ya kwatanta Sarkin Kudu da Mujaddadi Usumanu Fodiyo. Kamance na kai
tsaye.
Gindin Waƙa: Farin cikin Musulman Duniya,
Mai
martaba na Abubakar,
Ci fansa
Alhaji Macciɗo.
Jagora: Mujaddadi na na da babu kokwanto x2,
Farilla ba
nafila ta ba,
Shugaban duniya Alhaji Bello….
A wannan ɗan waƙar Malamin waƙa Sa’idu Faru ya yi ƙoƙarin jingina nasabar Muhammadu Macciɗo da Annabi Muhammadu, tsira da amincin Allah
su tabbata a gareshi.
Gindin Waƙa: Bajimin
gidan Bello Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin
Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
Jagora: Komai
na duniya na Almusɗafa ne,
Amshi: Garai
Shehu yas samu girma da yadda,
Komai na
gun Shehu shi ag ga Bello,
Komai na
Bello shi ag ga Garba,
Komai na
gun Garba kai adda Bello,
Ko
lahira ko muna taƙamatai.
Sa’idu Faru ya ƙara tabbatar da nasabar Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu
Macciɗo, da jingina shi da mahaifinsa da kuma
Usumanu Fodiyo, da ya ce:
Gindin Waƙa: Farin cikin Musulman duniya,
Mai martaba na Abubakar ci fansa Alhaji Macciɗo.
Jagora: Ginshiƙin magaji,
Gabanka da bayanka,
Bello ɗa kak ke baka da gwauraye”,
Amshi: Farin cikin musulman duniya,
Mai martaba na Abubakar x2,
Sarkin Kudun Hausa,
Jagora: Lafiya jikan Usumanu x2”
Turken Yabo Da Tubullan Kyauta
Wannan wata hanya ce da mawaƙa ke amfani da wasu kyawawan halaye na uban gidansu su aza turken waƙoƙinsu ta hanyar ambaton halayen kyauta.
Malamin
waƙa Sa’idu Faru ya ambaci halin kyauta na uban gidansa a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa.
Gindin Waƙa: Gogarman gidan Moyi ci fansa Niƙatau,
Mai babban rabo ginshiƙin
sarkin Shariffai.
Amshi: In ya ba mutum fam tamanin sai da riga,
In ya ba mutun fam talatin sai da riga,
In ya ba
mutum fam bakwai sai da riga,
In ya ba
ka doki na fam maitan da sirdi da kaya nai haɗe,
Kuma ya
gama ka da yaron da zai ja ma….
Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ƙara jaddada irin kyautar da Sarkin Kudu ke yi,
da yake cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Bajimin gidan Bello Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin
Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
Jagora: Baba ya ba mu bandir guda duk na lailai.
Amshi: Ya ba mu bandir guda na yadi,
Ya ba mu fam goma ya ce nu ɗimka,
Ga takalumna
na fam shidda-shidda x2,
Hula
kalabus guda goma yab ban,
Kyauta
irin taka jikan Mu’azu,
Dan ba a
cewa mutum ba kamatai,
Sai
Larabawan Masar masu girma.
Gindin Waƙa: Hattara bajinin gidan Bello ɗan Abdu,
Jikan Hassan maganin wargi.
Jagora: Doki guda goma ɗan Abdu yab ba mu,
Amshi: Ya bamu riga ta fam ishirin,
Bello ya
bamu riga ta fam arba’in daidai,
Baba
saura mota na Attahiru in ji inji yana canza waƙoƙi x2.
Kamar yadda aka gani a ɗiyan da ke sama, Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi ƙoƙarin bayyana irin kyautar ƙasaita da uban gidansa ke yi, ya baka doki da
kayan doki da mai ja ma dokin, ya kuma baka yadi da kuɗin ɗinka yadi da takalma ya haɗa da hula.
Turken Yabo Da Tubullan Habaici
A yayin da mawaƙa ke ƙoƙarin tabbatar da yabon da suke yi wa iyayen
gidansu sukan yi ƙoƙarin sukar duk wani dake adawa da shi ko wanda suka yi
takarar sarauta da shi ko duk wani da ke da nasaba da wannan sarautar ta hanyar
yi masa habaici ko zambo ko shaguɓe. Ba kasafai mutane ke gane wanda aka yi wa ba, amma
shi wanda aka yi wa da zarar ya ji yakan gane da shi ake. Sukan jingina shi da
wasu kalmomin ɓatanci ko suka ko kasawa ko kuma zambo. Makaɗa Sa’idu
Faru ya yi amfani da shaguɓe a wasu ɗiyan waƙarsa da yake cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Bajimin gidan Bello Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
Jagora: Shi wane girma shi kai bai da wayo,
Amshi: Wane girma shi kai bai da wayo,
Ya togu daidai shin a nan bani na,
Ya bar azumi da kono da sunna,
Sai ya ji goge shi ɗauko kujera,
A shisshirya benci matasa su zauna,
A aika a ɗauko kwalabe a buɗe,
Da ka gane ka koma ma Allah….
Sa’idu
Faru, ya sake kwatawa a wannan ɗan waƙar da yake cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Gogarman gidan Muyi ci fansa Niƙatau,
Mai babban rabo ginshiƙin
sarkin Shariffai.
Jagora: Bashi yay mai yawa,
Amshi: Bana ya jinginad da mota,
Amshi: Bashiya yi mai yawa ya jiginar da mota ya sai agwagwa,
Ya yi luɓui-luɓui ya yi ƙiba ɗan ɗan ayashe,
Kullum
kag ganai da baki nai da naso…
Turken Yabo Tubullan Zuga, Cicciɓa Da Kwarzantawa
Akan samu waƙoƙin da aka ƙawata da kyawawan kalmomi na yabo, sai dai a
lokacin da ake yabon ana haɗawa da zuga ko kwarzantawa ko kuma a cicciɓa mutum a kai shi wajen da bai kaiba. Gusau, (2008:377)
ya bayyana cewa a zuga ana koɗa mutum ko a cicciɓa shi a nuna fifikonsa zuwa ga wasu.Sa’idu Faru ya fifita
uban gidansa da ya kwatanta shi da baban dutse ya wuce sa’o’insa ga abin da
yake cewa:
Gindin Waƙa: Bajimin gidan Bello Mamman na Yari,
Sarkin
Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya.
Amshi: Irin assabar Bubakar Baba yay yo, x2
Babban dutse a hange ka nesa x2,
Aikin ka sunanka ya tsarma kowa x2,
Da ɗai babu gafe da yak kai ga gulbi,
Ruwan maliya ya wuce taru….
A wani ɗan da ya fifita uban gidansa akan sauran ‘ya’yan sarki, ya
kwatanta shi da toron giwa (kamance na fifiko), ya kira shi amalen sarakuna, ya
kuma ce Macciɗo duniya ne gaba ɗaya, .
Amshi: Bajimi ɗan gagara gasa,
Amalen
Sarakun ax2,
Toron
giwa ɗan Abdu ƙane Ali ɗan iya x2,
Jagora: Yadda ɗan Sarki ya kammala bai kai ga Macciɗo x2,
Girma Allah
yay da yawa, baba duniya.
Waɗannan na
daga cikin turakun da mawaƙa ke turke waƙoƙinsu musamman waƙoƙin fada.
Kammalawa
Wannan
takarda ta yi nazarin wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru (Malamin waƙa) waɗanda ya yi ma Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Bello da aka fi sani da Muhammadu
Macciɗo Abubakar na III. Kasancewarsa makaɗinsa, kuma wanda ya daɗe yana tare da shi, ya naƙalci halayensa, Bahaushe na cewa: “Daɗewa a bauta ‘yanci ne”. Nazarin da aka yi ya
tabbatar da cewa Sa’idu Faru makaɗin Sarkin Kudu ne kamar yadda ya yi ikirari a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa. Kasancewar Sa’idu Faru makaɗin fada waƙoƙinsa ba su bauɗe daga halayyar da aka san waƙoƙin fada da su ba, watau ana aza turakunsu kan
yabo da ambaton nasaba ko asali da kyauta da zuga ko cicciɓa da fata da habaici da kuma ambaton wasu
kyawawan halaye na uban gidansu. Daga waƙoƙin da aka nazarta an tabbatar da cewa akwai waɗanda aka gina su a kan turakun yabo aka kuma
yi amfani da mabambanta tubulla wajen aza su kan turakun, kamar kyawon hali da
kyauta da haƙuri da nasaba da zuga da cicciɓa da habaici da fata da sauransu.
Manazarta
Amini, H.
Da Bello, A.S. (2020). “Siffofin
fina-finan Hausa da Yanaye-yanayensu jiya da yau: Nazari daga fin ɗin
Gwaska da Juyin Sarauta”. In Hausa Drama, Films and
Popula Culture in the 21st Century, Malumfashi, I.A.M. (Edited),
Department of Langauges and Linguistics, Kauna: Kaduna State University.
Bunza, A.M.
(2016). “Waƙa Kogin Hikima: Iyo Cikinka sai Gogaggu.” In Kadaura, Journal of Hausa Multi Disciplinary Studies, Department of Languages and Linguistics. Kaduna: Kaduna State University, Kaduna.
Ɗangambo,
A. (1984). Rabe-raben
Adabin Hausa da Muhimmancinsa ga Rayuwar Hausawa. Kano: Maɗaba’ar Kamfanin Triumph.
Ɗangambo,
A. (2008). Rabe-raben
Adabin Hausa (Sabon tsari). Zaria:
Amana Publishers, ltd.
Ɗangambo,
A.(2007). Ɗaurayar Gadon
Feɗe Waƙa (Sabon Tsari). Zaria:
Amana Publishers, ltd.
Gusau, S.M.
(1993). Jagoran
Nazarin Waƙar Baka. Kaduna:
Fisba Media Services.
Gusau, S.M.(1996). Makaɗa da
Mawaƙan Hausa. Kano: Benchmark Publishers.
Gusau, S.M.(2002). Salihu Jankɗi, Sarkin Taushi. Kaduna: Baraka Printing Press.
Gusau, S.M.
(2008). Waƙoƙin Baka A Ƙasar
Hausa: Yanaye-yanayensu da Sigoginsu. Kano: Benchmark
Publishers.
Gusau, S.M.
(2011). Adabin Hausa A Sauƙaƙe. Kano:
Century Research and Publishing.
Gusau, S. M. (2019). Ɗiwani Waƙar Baka. Kano:
Centuary Research and Publishing.
Hassan, S. (2016). “Adabi
da Ci Gaban Ƙasa: Tsokaci Daga Littafin Turmin Danya.” In
Kadaura, Journal of Hausa Multi Disciplinary
Studies, Department of Languages and Linguistics. Kaduna: Kaduna State University, Kaduna.
Yahaya, A.B.(1997). Jagoran
Nazarin Waƙar Baka. Kaduna:
Fisba Media Services.
0 Comments
ENGLISH: You are warmly invited to share your comments or ask questions regarding this post or related topics of interest. Your feedback serves as evidence of your appreciation for our hard work and ongoing efforts to sustain this extensive and informative blog. We value your input and engagement.
HAUSA: Kuna iya rubuto mana tsokaci ko tambayoyi a ƙasa. Tsokacinku game da abubuwan da muke ɗorawa shi zai tabbatar mana cewa mutane suna amfana da wannan ƙoƙari da muke yi na tattaro muku ɗimbin ilimummuka a wannan kafar intanet.