Shin Zan Iya Ba Da Kudi Maimaikon Abinci A Zakkar Fidda-Kai?

𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀❓

Assalamu alaikum Dr. shin ana iya ba da kuɗi a zakkatul fitr maimakon kayan abinci ?

HUKUNCIN BA DA KUƊI MAIMAIKON ABINCI A ZAKKAR FIDDA-KAI ?

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Wa alaikum assalam, Annabi tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya wajabta zakkar fidda-Kai da sa'i na dabino ko Sha'ir kamar yadda ya zo a hadisin Ibnu Umar wanda Muslim ya rawaito a lamba ta: (2287).

Abin da Malamai suka fahimta a hadisin da ya gabata shi ne ana fitar da zakkar fidda-Kai ne daga abin da mutanen garinku suka fi ci kamar Shinkafa Dawa Masara a wajan 'yan Nigeria, Fukaha'u sun yi saɓani game bada kuɗi a maimakon abincin da ya zo a hadisi :

1. Umar Ɗan Abdulaziz da Abu-hanifa da Ibnu-taimiyya da Albani da wasu magabata sun tafi a kan halaccin bada kuɗi a maimakon zakkar fidda-Kai saboda abin da yasa aka shar'anta zakkar fidda-Kai shi ne: wadatar da talakawa daga barin roƙo a ranar idi hakan kuma yana tabbata ta hanyar bada kuɗi ko Ƙimar abincin.

2. Ya wajaba a fitar da abincin da mafi rinjaye suke ci, saboda tun da Annabi tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya faɗi sunayen abinci, hakan sai ya nuna su yake so a fitar ba Kimarsu ba, kamar yadda yake a hadisin Ibnu Umar wanda ya gabata.

Zance na biyu ya fi inganci saboda bin sunnar Manzon Allah ﷺ shi ne daidai, tare da cewa in an samu lalura ta Karancin abinci ko kuma talakawa suka nuna sun fi bukatar kuɗi ya halatta a fitar da kuɗin ko Kimar abincin a maimakonsa, saboda akwai hadisai da suke nuna halaccin amsar Kima a babin zakkar dabbobi in SA'I bai samu dabbar da ya kamata ya amsa ba.

Don neman Karin bayani duba: Al-mabsud 2/156 da kuma Al'istizkaar 9/346 da kuma Al'iktiyarat Alfiƙhiyya lil'Albani na Abu-shady shafi na 209-210.

Allah ne mafi sani

✍🏼Dr Jamilu Zarewa

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ƘARIN BAYANI

Tambaya

Assalamu alaikum Malam, shin ana iya fitar da Zakkatul Fiṭr a cikin kuɗi maimakon kayan abinci? Wane ne hukunci a shari’a?

Amsa

Wa alaikumus salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. Zakkatul Fiṭr wani nau’i ne na sadaka wanda aka shar’anta musamman don tsarkake azumin Musulmi da taimakawa talakawa a ranar Eid. Don haka, fahimtar hanyoyin fitar da Zakkatul Fiṭr da abin da aka shar’anta a Hadisi yana da muhimmanci sosai.

1. Dalilin fitar da Zakkatul Fiṭr

• Annabi Muhammad ﷺ ya bayyana cewa Zakkatul Fiṭr wajibi ne akan kowane Musulmi, ɗa ko mace, mai yaro ko baligi, kuma ana fitar da shi daga abin da ake ci a garin mutum.

• Hadisin Ibnu Umar (RA), wanda Muslim ya rawaito lamba 2287, ya ce:

Arabic:

صَدَقَةُ الفِطْرِ طُهْرَةٌ لِلصَّائِمِ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ وَمَطْعَمٌ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ

Hausa:

Zakkatul Fiṭr tsarkakewa ce ga mai azumi daga maganganu marasa amfani da abubuwan sha’awa, kuma abinci ne ga talakawa.

• Wannan yana nuna cewa manufar Zakkatul Fiṭr ita ce:

1. Tsarkakewa daga zunuban azumi.

2. Tallafawa talakawa don samun abinci a ranar Eid.

2. Fitar da kuɗi maimakon abinci – fahimtar malamai

• Malamai sun yi ra’ayoyi daban-daban akan fitar da kuɗi maimakon abinci:

A. Masu halatta fitar da kuɗi:

• Malamai irin su Umar ɗan Abdulaziz, Abu Hanifa, Ibn Taymiyya, da Albani sun yarda cewa za a iya fitar da kuɗi a maimakon abinci.

• Dalili: manufar Zakkatul Fiṭr ita ce wadatar da talakawa, kuma talakawa za su iya buƙatar kuɗi maimakon abinci, musamman a wuraren da ake samun ƙalubale wajen samar da abinci mai kyau.

• Wannan fahimta tana nuna rahama da sassauci a cikin shari’a.

B. Masu fifita fitar da abinci:

• Mafi rinjaye na malamai suna cewa: ya fi kyau a fitar da abincin da mutane suka fi ci a garin mutum (misali shinkafa, dawa, masara a Najeriya).

• Dalili: Annabi ﷺ ya ambaci nau’in abinci da ake fitarwa a hadisin Ibnu Umar, wanda yake nuna cewa abin da ake ci ne za a fitar, ba kimarsa kawai ba.

• Wannan yana tabbatar da bin sunnah da hikimar Annabi ﷺ.

3. Yanayin lalura ko bukatar fitar da kuɗi

• Duk da cewa hadisin ya nuna fitar da abinci, malamai sun yi bayani cewa idan akwai lalura:

o Rashin samun abinci ko wahala wajen bayar da abinci.

o Talakawa sun fi buƙatar kuɗi don sayen abinci.

• A irin waɗannan yanayi, halallacewar fitar da kuɗi yana bisa hujja daga hukunce-hukuncen bayar da qimar Zakkah a wasu fannoni, kamar yadda ake yi a Zakkatul Ma’loomin Dabbobi idan SA’I bai samu dabbobi ba.

• Hanyoyin wannan fahimta an rubuta su a:

o Al-Mabsud 2/156

o Al-Istizkaar 9/346

o Al-Ikhtiyarat al-Fiqhiyya lil-Albani shafi 209–210

4. Hukuncin shari’a

1. Fitar da abinci mai ci gaba da gargajiya (sun fi ci a garin mutum) yana fi inganci kuma yana bin sunnah.

2. Fitar da kuɗi maimakon abinci yana halatta idan:

o Akwai lalura wajen samun abinci.

o Talakawa sun fi buƙatar kuɗi.

3. Manufar Zakkatul Fiṭr: tsarkake azumi da tallafawa talakawa.

4. Mafi alheri: a yi ƙoƙarin fitar da abinci, sannan a fitar da kuɗi kawai idan akwai dalilai na gaggawa ko sauƙaƙe wa talakawa.

5. Kammalawa

• Zakkatul Fiṭr an shar’anta ne da abinci mai amfani da talakawa suka fi ci, domin bin sunnah da fadakarwa.

• Fitar da kuɗi ba laifi ba ne idan akwai dalilai na lalura ko buƙata, amma fitar da abinci yana fi dacewa.

• Wannan yana tabbatar da manufar Zakkatul Fiṭr: tsarkakewa da farin ciki ga talakawa a ranar Eid.

Allah ne mafi sani.

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