Gabatarwa: Wasanni A Ƙasar Hausa

The researchers are able to obtain detailed information on two hundred and fourteen (214) Hausa traditional games. Before discussing them, they used a multidimensional approach in categorizing the generality of the Hausa traditional games. Other topics covered therein include the relevance of the games from socioeconomic perspectives as well as their status in the Hausa modern world.

Gabatarwa: Wasanni A Ƙasar Hausa

Abu-Ubaida SANI
Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR

Gabatarwa

Haƙiƙa wasanni sun kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwar ɗan Adam. Wannan kuwa bai tsaya ga kan Hausawa ba kawai, ya shafi dukkanin al’ummun duniya da ke ƙasashe daban-daban. Sai dai akan sami bambance-bambancen salo da siga na waɗannan wasanni, wanda hakan ya danganta ga al’ada da yanayin wurin zama na masu wannan wasa. Kai! Ba ma ‘yan Adam ba kaɗai, akwai halittu da dama da ke wasanni iri-iri a tsakanin junansu. Sun haɗa da birrai da karnuka da shanu da ma wasu dabbobin na daban. Baya ga haka, akan samu wasa tsakanin jinsin halittu mabambanta. A irin haka ne ma akan samu ɗan Adam na wasa da dabbobi irin su karnuka ko birrai ko dawaki da dai sauransu.

Salailan wasannin da Hausawa suka gada tun iyaye da kakanni na fuskantar dusashewa, tamkar dai sauran al’adun Hausawan. Wannan na faruwa ne sakamakon dalilai masu dama waɗanda za a iya taƙaita su da furucin Tasirin zamani. Lura da wannan ƙoƙarin ɓacewa da mafi yawan wasannin Gargajiya ke yi, akwai buƙatar killace su wuri guda a matsayin wani kundin da zai kasance abin waiwaita a kodayaushe. Yin hakan zai sanya ko da wasannin sun gushe a zamani, za su kasance a killace har Mahadi.

Wannan Littafi ya yi nasarar tattaro nau’ukan wasannin gargajiya har guda ɗari biyu da goma sha huɗu (214). An raba aikin zuwa babuka har guda tara. Babi na farko ya kasance shimfiɗa ga aikin. A ciki ne kuma aka kawo amfanin wasannin gargajiya. Daga ciki akwai: horo da gyaran hali, da koyar da jarumta, da koyar da hikima da dabara, da motsa jiki da dai makamantansu.

Babi na biyu ya waiwaici tsarin rayuwar Hausawa a jiya da kuma yau. Wannan ya haɗa da addininsu da kuma tsarin zamantakewa da auratayya. Hakan ya kasance ƙarin haske game da al’ummar da aka yi rubutun kansu. Wato dai tamkar fitila ce ta haska al’ummun da ake magana kansu domin a ji daɗin ɗaukar hoton zuci yayin da ake bayanin ire-iren wasanninsu.

A cikin babi na uku, an yi ƙoƙarin kawo nau’ukan wasannin gargajiyan Bahaushe. An yi hakan ne ta hanyar la’akari da alƙalumma daban-daban wurin raba wasannin. Waɗannan matakai sun haɗa da yanayin gudanar da wasannin, da lokacin gudanar da su, da masu gudanar da su da dai makamantansu. A ƙarƙashin kowane rukuni an kawo taƙaitaccen bayani mai gamsarwa tare da misalai domin ƙarin haske.

 

Kamar dai yadda aka nuna a baya, zamani ya yi tasiri sannan yana ci gaba da yin tasiri kan wasannin gargajiya. Babi na huɗu ya waiwaici irin tasirin da zamanin ya yi kan wasannin. A cikin babin an nazarci dalilan da suka haifar da dusashewar wasannin gargajiyar Bahaushe. Sun haɗa da samuwar ilimin addini da na boko da samuwar yanar gizo da kafafen sadarwa na yanar gizo da dai sauransu. Sannan babin ya dubi irin sauye-sauye da aka samu ga wasu wasannin gargajiyar ta fuskar yadda ake gudanar da su. Daga ƙarshe kuma sai babin ya nazarci wasu sabbin wasannin gargajiya da Bahaushe ya tsinta a sakamakon Tasirin zamani a kan al’adunsa.

Daga babi na biyar kuwa, har zuwa na takwas, an kawo jerin wasanni ne tare da bayanin yadda ake gudanar da su. Babi na biyar na ɗauke da wasannin yara maza guda sittin da biyar (65) tare da bayanin kowanne. Babi na shida kuwa wasannin yara mata ya ƙunsa, guda ɗari da uku (103). Babi na bakwai kuwa ya ƙunshi wasanni ne na tarayya tsakanin yara maza da mata. Adadinsu ya kai talatin da shida (36). Sai kuma babi na takwas da ya ƙunshi wasannin manya, waɗanda adadinsu ya kasance bakwai (7) kacal.

Babi na ƙarshe kuwa, wato na tara, yana ƙunshe ne da jawaban kammalawa. Bayan an kawo jerin manazarta, sai kuma aka biyo baya da ratayen waɗannan wasannin Gargajiya guda ɗari biyu da goma sha huɗu (214) cikin tsararran jadawali. An yi hakan ne domin samar da haske ga mai karatu ko bincike, yadda zai samu bayanai masu muhimmanci kan kowane wasa kai tsaye. Ga kowane wasa, an bayyana abubuwa da suka haɗa da:

1. Sunan wasa
2. Masu wasa
3. Rukunin wasa
4. Kayan aiki
5. Amfanin wasa
6. Sakamakon wasa (Sakamako mai kyau yayin da aka yi abin ƙwarai, ko kuma mummunan sakamako yayin da aka ci karo da ƙa’idojin wasa)