Kundin Neman Digirin Farko (B.A. Hausa) Da Aka Gabatar A Sashen Harsunan Nijeriya Tsangayar Fasaha Da Ilimin Addinin Musulunci Jami’ar Usamanu Ɗanfodiyo Sakkwato
Kamanci Da Bambanci Na Jimlar Tambaya Da Korewa Ta Hausa Da Ta
Fulatanci (Fulfulde)
NA
DAYI RILWANU
BABI NA UKU
3.0 SHIMFIƊA
A babi na biyu da ya gabata an yi bayani kan ma’anar jimlar Hausa da yadda
masana suka kalle ta da rabe-rabenta wato jimlar tambaya da jimlar korewa da
sassauƙar jimla da jimlar umurni, haka kuma, an bayar da ma’anar jimla a
harshen Fulatanci da yadda ita ma masana suka kalle ta. A wannan babin na uku
kuma, za a nuna irin kamanci da bambanci da ake samu a tsakanin jimlar tambaya
da jimlar korewa ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde). Sannan kuma a waiwayi
kowace jimlar ta kowane harshe tsakanin harsunan biyu domin gano irin kamancin
da bambanci da ake iya samu tsakanin su.
3.1 KAMANCI NA JIMLAR TAMBAYA TA HAUSA DA
TA FULATANCI (FULFULDE)
A wannan mataki za a dubi kamanci ne tsakanin jimlar tambaya ta Hausa da ta
Fulatanci. Saboda haka yanzu za a ɗauki jimla ɗaya wato ta tambaya ta Hausa a
feɗe ta sannan kuma a ɗauki Fulatanci ita ma a feɗe ta domin a fito da kamancin
da ke tsakanin su.
Ga misalin jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
1.
ɗWaɗ Musa
ya
a
kaama ɗ?ɗ
k/tm
sn
maf
lokt Aik
A/tm
Wannan jimla da ke sama wadda aka feɗe, ita ce jimlar tambaya ta Hausa. Ta ƙunshi
kalmar tambaya a farkonta sai suna da mafayyaci da lokataƙ da aiki, sannan ta ƙare
da alamar tambaya. Saboda haka yanzu za a ɗauki jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci
(Fulfulde), ita ma a feɗe ta domin a fito da kamanci da ake samu ko za a iya
samu tsakaminsu. Ga yadda jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci ta ke kamar haka:
1.
ɗMoyeɗ
no n
Garba
Nanngi (?)
k/tm
maf lokt
sn
Aik
A/tm
Wannan ita ce jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci kamar yadda aka gani a sama an feɗe
ta. Ita ma ta ƙunshi kalmar tambaya a farkonta sai mafayyaci da lokataƙ da suna
da aiki, haka kuma ta ƙare da alamar tambaya.
BAYANAN KAMANCI
A bin lura a nan shi ne kamar yadda aka ga kowace jimlar ta Hausa da ta
Fulatanci (Fulfulde) a sama yanzu za a yi ƙoƙari a fito da kamancinsu kamar
haka:
1.
Jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
tana son kalmar tambaya ta zo a gaban jimla kafin suna aikau ya biyo baya. Haka
jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde), kalmar tambaya takan zo a gaban jimla
kafin suna aikau ya biyo baya.
2.
Jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
ana son alamar tambaya ta zo a ƙarshen jimlar. Haka jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci
ita ma an fi son ta ƙare da alamar tambaya a ƙarshenta.
3.
Jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
tana ɗauke da suna a cikinta da mafayyaci da lokataƙ da aiki. Haka a jimlar
tambaya ta Fulatanci tana ɗauke da suna a cikinta da mafayyaci da lokataƙ da
kuma aiki.
Wannan shi ne taƙaitaccen bayani na kamanci kan abin da ya shafi jimlar tambaya
na harsunan biyu
3.2 BAMBANCI NA JIMLAR TAMBAYA TA HAUSA DA
TA FULATANCI (FULFULDE)
A wannan mataki kuma, an dubi irin bambancin da ake iya samu tsakanin jimlar
tambaya ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde), domin a ga yadda bambancin yake
tsakanin harsunan biyu domin inganta harsuna. Ga misali kamar haka:
1.
ɗMeɗ Ali
ya a
kashe ɗ?ɗ
k/tm
sn maf lokt Aik
a/tm
Wannan jimlar ita ce wadda ake son a yi amfani da ita domin a fito da bambancin
da ake iya samu tsakanin jimlar tambaya ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde).
Haka kuma za a ƙara ɗauko jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) kamar yadda za
a iya ganinta a ƙasa.
1.
ɗKoyeɗ no
n
Ali Nyamata ɗ?ɗ
K/tm maf
lokt
sn aik
A/tm
Waɗannan su ne jimloli na harsunan biyu da aka gabatar domin a fito da bambanci
da ake iya samu a tsakaninsu.
BAYANIN BAMBANCI
Abin la’akari a nan shi ne kamar yadda aka ga kowace jimla ta Hausa da ta
Fulatanci (Fulfulde) a sama saboda haka yanzu za a yi ƙoƙari a fito da irin
bamnnacin da ake iya samu a tsakanin jimlolin harsunan biyu, kamar haka:
1.
Jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
suna ya zo bayan kalmar tambaya, amma jimlar tambaya ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde)
suna ya kan zo bayan mafayyaci da lokataƙ
2.
Jimlar tambaya ta Hausa
mafayyaci da lokataƙ sun zo kafin kalmar aikatau. Amma jimlar tambaya ta
Fulatanci mafayyaci da lokataƙ sun zo kafin suna.
Wannan shi ne taƙaitaccen bayani kan abin da ya shafi bambancin da ake iya samu
a tsakanin jimlar tambaya ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) a taƙaice.
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3.3 KAMANCI NA JIMLAR KOREWA TA HAUSA DA
TA FULATANCI (FULFULDE)
A wannan mataki an ɗauki jimlar korewa don a dubi kamanci tsakanin jimlar
korewa ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde). Saboda haka yanzu ana ganin ya dace
da a gabatar da jimlar korewa na harsunan biyu, domin a ga irin bambancin da
ake iya fitowa da shi. Ga misalin jimlar kamar haka:
1.
Ba
(baa…..) = ɗBaaɗ
kuɗi a banki
2.
Ba
(ba……) =
Binta ɗbaɗ ta tafi makaranta ɗbaɗ
3.
Ba-i (bai….. ba)
= ɗBaiɗ da ce a hana bara ɗbaɗ
Wannan shi ne misalin jimlar korewa ta Hausa. Saboda haka yanzu za a kawo
jimlar korewa ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) a kwatanta su domin a ga irin bambancin
da za a iya fito da shi a tsakanin jimlolin na harsunan biyu. Ga misalin jimlar
korewa ta Fulatanci kamar haka:
1.
Walaa
= Ceedi ɗwalaaɗ der banki
2.
Ya
= Hajo ɗyaɗ
hayi NJanngirde
3.
Hanaa
= ɗHanaaɗ ɗun ha ɗa tornɗe
Waɗannan sune misalai na jimlar korewa ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) kamar yadda aka
gani a sama.
BAYANIN KAMANCI NA JIMLAR KOREWA TA HAUSA DA TA FULATANCI (FULFULDE)
A wannan mataki na bayanin kamanci za a yi bayanin kamanci ne na jimlolin
harsunan biyu, wato harshen Hausa da harshen Fulatanci (Fulfulde), domin a fito
a kamancin da ake iya samu a tsakaninsu. Ga bayaninsu kamar haka:
1.
A jimla korewa ta Hausa
ana samun korewar jimla gaba ɗaya, sannan kalmar korewa a irin wanann korewa ta
kan zo a gaban jimla, wani lokaci har a ƙarshen jimla. Haka abin yake a jimlar
korewa ta Fulatanci, ana samun korewar jimla gaba ɗaya, sannan kalmar korewa a
irin wannan korewa ta kan zo a gaban jimla, wato kamar yadda ta ke zuwa a
jimlar korewa ta Hausa.
2.
A jimlar korewa ta Hausa
ana samun korewar sashen jimla a irin wannan korewa kuma, kalmar korewa ta kan
zo bayan suna aikau da kuma ƙarshen jimla. A jimlar korewa ta Fulatanci
(Fulfulde), ita ma ana samun korewar sashen jimla inda kalmar korewa ta zo
bayan suna aikau.
Wannan shi ne kamanci da ake iya samu kan abin da ya shafi kamanci na jimlar
korewa ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) a taƙaice.
3.4 BAMBANCI NA JIMLAR KOREWA TA HAUSA DA
TA FULATANCI (FULFULDE)
A wannan mataki kuma za a dubi irin bambancin da ake iya samu tsakanin jimlar
korewa ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde), domin a ga yadda bambancin ya ke a
tsakanin jimlolin harsunan biyu, saboda haka za a ɗauki misalan da aka gabatar
a farko a yi aikin da su domin a fito da bambancin da ake iya samu a
tsakaninsu. Ga misalan kamar haka:
1.
Ba
(baa…..) = ɗBaaɗ
kuɗi a banki
2.
Ba
(ba……) =
Binta ɗbaɗ ta tafi makaranta ɗbaɗ
3.
Ba-i (bai….. ba)
= ɗBaiɗ da ce a hana bara ɗbaɗ
Waɗannan su ne misalan da ake son a yi amfani da su wajen fito da bambancin da
ake iya samu a tsakanin jimlar korewa ta Hausa da ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde). Haka
kuma za a gabatar da jimlar korewa ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) kamar yadda za aka
yi amfani da su wajen fito da bambancin. Ga misalan kamar haka:
1.
Walaa =
cee de ɗwalaaɗ der banki
2.
Ya
= Hajo ɗyaɗ hayi NJangirde
3.
Hanaa
= ɗHanaaɗ ɗun haɗa tornde
BAYANIN BAMBANCI NA JIMLAR KOREWA TA HAUSA DA TA FULATANCI
(FULFULDE)
Ta la’akari da fasalin jimlolin da aka yi nazarinsu a wannan kason ana iya lura
da yanayin zamantakewar kalmomin jumlolin da irin aikin da kowace kalma take yi
a cikin jumlar don bayyana bambancin da ke faruwa a tsakanin harsunan biyu. Ga
bambancin kamar haka:
1.
Harshen Hausa na da
muhimman kalmomi da ya tanada domin nuna korewar jimla. A cikin kalmomin da
Hausa ta fi amfani da su akwai kalmar ɗBaɗ a mafi yawan korewa ta jimla domin
nuna korewar. Amma harshen Fulatanci na amfani da kalmomi masu yawa a mafi
yawan korewa domin nuna korewa a cikin jimla. Wato kalmomin korewa na Fulatanci
suna da yawa.
2.
Hausa kalmar korewa ta
kan zo a gaban jimla ko bayan suna aikau ko kuma ta zo a ƙarshen jimla.
Fulatanci kalmar korewa ta kan zo a farkon jimla ne kawai ko a tsakiya amma ba
ta zuwa a ƙarshen jimla wato sau ɗaya kalmar korewa ta ke zuwa a jimlar korewa ta
Fulatanci (Fulfulde).
3.5 NAƊEWA
A wannan babi shi ne babi na uku kamar yadda aka ambata tun farkon babin. Babi
ne da aka yi bayanin kamanci da bambanci na jimlar tambaya ta Hausa da ta
Fulatanci (Fulfulde) da kuma kamanci da bambanci na jimlar korewa ta Hausa da
ta Fulatanci (Fulfulde) ta hanyar kawo misalai na jumlolin korewa da na
jimlolin tambaya a harshen Hausa da harshen Fulatanci (Fulfulde) domin inganta
aiki. A cikin babin na uku wajen bayanin bambanci na jimlar korewa ta Hausa da
ta Fulatanci, an nuna cewa Fulatanci (Fulfulde) ba kamar Hausa ba, ba ya da
wani baƙi da ya keɓe a mafi yawan korewar jimla. Abin lura a nan shi ne,
Harshen Fulatanci yana amfani da kalmomi masu yawa wajen nuna korewa a cikin
jimla. A ƙarshe an naɗe babin da jawabin kammalawa a taƙaice.
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