Harshen Wasa: Tsokaci Daga Shirin Labarin Wasanni Na Gidan Rediyon BBC (4)

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ALIYU MUSTAFA

BABI NA UKU

SHIRIN LABARIN WASANNI NA BBC

3.0 Shimfid’a

A yau wasan k’wallon k’afa ya zama wasa mafi girma da kar’buwa, da kuma d’aukaka fiye da kowane wasa da ake da shi a duniya. Bugu da k’ari wannan d’aukaka ta sa ne ma a garuruwa da manyan birane aka mayar da shi sana’a. Shirin labarin wasanni, shiri ne da kusan kowace kafa ta yad’a labarai a duniya ke watsawa a cikin shiraruwansu na yau da kullum. Kafafen yad’a albarai na watsa labarai da shiraruwa iri daban-daban a lokuta daban-daban domin su ilmantar, su fad’akar, tare da nishad’antar da masu saurarensu.

Wannan babi zai yi bayani ne a kan manufar shirin labarin wasanni, da zubi da tsarin shirin da kuma yadda ake shiryawa da gabatarwa.

3.1 Manufar Shirin Labarin Wasanni Na BBC

Babbar manufar wannan shirin shi ne; yad’a labarun ire-iren abubuwan da ke wakana a cikin sana’ar wasan k’wallon k’afa, da ma sauran wasanni na ciki da wajen k’asashen duniya. Wad’annan labarun suna sanar da masu sauraro da kuma sha’awa irin wainar da ake toyawa a fagen sana’ar wanda ya had’a da cinikayyar da ke wakana a tsakanin k’ungiyoyin ‘yan wasa da ya shafi saye da sayarwa na ‘yan wasa daban-daban daga k’ungiyoyi daban-daban. Haka kuma, ana sanar da su sakamakon wasannin da aka buga ko ake bugawa a tsakanin k’ungiyoyin ‘yan wasa a rukunonin gasa daban-daban na k’asashen duniya da suka had’a da k’asar Ingila (premier legue) da Spaniya (Lliga) da Jamus (Budasaliga) da Italiya (league 1), da Africa (African Up of Nations) Chapions league, da Europe League, da Copa del Rey (Kings Cup) da fifa world cup da super cup da dai sauransu.

Wata manufar kuma ita ce, don su nishad’antar da masu sha’awa da kuma masu saurarensu. Masu sha’awar wasan k’wallon k’afa wad’anda mafi yawancinsu matasa ne, suna samun nishad’i sosai a yayin da suke kallo ko sauraren shirin labarin wasanni. Yana daga cikin manufar shirin k’arfafa guiwar masu sha’awar sana’ar wasan domin su rik’i sana’ar da muhimmanci, kuma su ba da himma domin su samu abin dogaro da kai su daina zaman kashe wando.

3.2 Zubi D Tsarin Shirin Labarin Wasanni

Shirin labarin wasanni ba shi da wani k’a’idar tsari na musamman. Yana da zubin kalmomin aro, da sarrafa kalmomin aro, da kuma fad’ad’a ma’anar kalmomi. Shirin yana tafiya da take na kid’a, kuma a gurguje ake gabatar da shi. yadda ake tsara labarun a rubuce ba a bin k’a’idojin rubutu.

Ga misalan labarun wasnni na BBC a rubuce inda daga k’arshe za a yi tak’aitaccen sharhi a kan wasu daga cikinsu.

1. Manchester city ta lalalsa Real Madrid da ci 4 – 1 a los Angeles a wasan sada zumunci da suka buga domin shirin tunkarar kakar was ta bana. Kocin mancity pep Guardiola ya ce Benjamin mendy wanda ya saya kan kud’i fam miliyan 52 ba zai taka leda na mako biyu ba bayan wasan na Amurka.

Mutum 93,000 ne suka kalli yadda city ta samu ansararta ta farko a wasannin shirin sabuwar kaka da kwallaye daga Niceolas otamendi da Reheem Sterling da johnestones da kuma d’an shekara 17 Barahim Diaz. A rashin mendy Danilo ya buga wasansa na farko a filin wasa Los Angeles memorial Coliseum inda mai shekara 26 din wanda dan asalin kasar Brazil ne ya buga baya ta gefen hagu. Ya dai fuskanci tsohon kulob dinsa bayan mancity ta saye shi kan kudi fam miliyan 26.5.

Manchester city ta kashe sama da fam miliyan 200 a lokacin bazarar nan kan kyle walker (familiyan 45) da Bernardo Sil’ber (fammiliyan 43) da Ederson moracs (fam miliyan 43) da Benjamin mendy (fam miliyan 52) da kuma Danilo (fam miliyan 26.5).

2. Real madrid da barcelona za su fara El-clasico a ranar 30 ga watan yuli a Amurka:- Real madrid da Barcelona za su fafata a wasan hamayya da ake kira el-clasico a filin wasa na Hard Rock dake miami a birnin floridan Amurka a ranar 30 ga watan Yuli. Kungiyoyin biyu za su sake karawa a ranar 13 ga watan Agusta a spanish super cup wasan farko a camp Nou. A kuma rana ta 16 ga watan Agusta za a buga wasa na biyu tsakanin Real madrid mai rike da kofin laliga da Barcelona mai copa delrey a santiago Barnabeu.


3. Mancity ta lalalsa Hull city da ci 3-1:- kulob din manchester city ya lallasa Hullcity da ci 3 – 1 a fafatawar da suka yi ranar Asabar din nan a gasar premier ta Ingila 8 Aprilu 2017.


4. Man United ta doke sunderland da ci 3 – 0 :- kungiyar kwallon kafa ta manchester united ta yi nasarar doke sunderland da ci 3 – 0 a karawar da suka yi ranar lahadin nan a gasar premier ta Ingila 9 Aprilu 2017


5. Dan wasan real madrid Cristiano ronaldo shi ne yafi kowa zura kwallaye a gasar turai inda a yanzu ya ke da kwallaye 100 sakamakon biyun da ya zura a ragar Bayernmunich a ranar laraba.


6. Ina nan daram a Chelsea Conte :- kocin Chelsea Antonio Conte ya nanata sha’awarsa ta ci gaba da zama a Chelsea duk da rade-radin da ke cewa zai koma italiya.


7. Feneretin Atletico madrid na boge ne:- kocin leciester city craig shakespeare ya ce fenaretin da aka bai wa Atlentico madrid na boge ne 13 Aprilu 2017.


8. “shaw ya yi amfani da kwakwalwata ne” mourinho:- kocin manchester united jise mourinho yace mai tsaron gidan kulob din luke shawi na amfani da gangar jikinsa ne kawai amma kwakwalwar mourinho ya ke buga kwallo da shi.

Daga misalan da suka gabata, a msiali na farko an yi amfani da kalmar “lallasa” wadda ke nufin “nasara” a maimakon a ce k’ungiyar manchester City ta yi nasarar cin Real Madrid da ci 4 – 1, sai aka ce ta “lallasa” domin  a k’ayatar da zancen ya yi armashi. Haka kuma, an yi amfani da salon  sarrafa harshe inda aka ce kocin manchester city ya ce d’an wasan k’ungiyar Benjamin Mendy ba zai taka “leda” ba har tsawon mako biyu. Toh abin da ake nufi a nan shi ne: d’an wasan ba zai buga k’wallo ba har sai bayan sati biyu. Ana amfani da lambobi wajen kawo adadin mutanen da suka kalli wasa inda aka ce “mutum 93,000” a maimakon a rubuta su  cikin kalmomi domin sauk’in fahimta.

Akwai wuraren da ya kamata a rink’a amfani da alamar rubutu na wak’afi (,) domin rarrabewa, misali: inda aka zayyano sunayen ‘yan wasan da suka ci k’wallo an jero su ba tare da an rarraba su ba ta hanayr amani da alamar wak’afi ba. Haka kuma, wajen rubuta adadin kud’i da shekarun ‘yan wasa, da kuma kwanan wata ba a rubuta su a cikin kalmomi sai dai da lambobi wanda kuma ba haka ya dace a rubuta su ba.

Akwai kalmomin da aka aro daga harshen Ingilishi wad’anda ake fassarawa zuwa Hausa. Amma kafin mu kawo misalansu, za mu ba da ma’anar aro da yanayi da tsarin aro a harshe.

Aro: masana ilimin harshe sun yi tsokaci cikin ma’anar aro ta siga daban-daban. Daga cikinsu, ma’abota walwalar harshe sun bayyana yanayin aron kalmomi daga harshe zuwa harshe a matsayin bak’i, kyautattu, nasassu ko kuma kalmomi (Yakasai, 2005).

Hartman da Stock (1972) sun ba da ma’anar aro a matsayin gabatar da kalmomi kai tsaye daga bak’on harshe zuwa wani, ta hanyar fassara ko kwaikwayo.

Shi kuwa Bynon (1977) ya bayyana aro ne a matsayin k’irk’irar da ba ta da tushe amma kuma tana da kalmomin harshen da ke ba da aron. Saboda haka, siffofin wanann abak’on harshen ne ake kira aro.

Olaoye (1993) kuwa ya kalli aron kalmomi ne a matsayin bak’in kalmomi da aka shigar da su cikin harshen gida. Irin wad’annan kalmomi sukan rikid’e ne cikin sabon yanayi a tak’aitaccen lokaci, ta yadda harshen da ya ba da aron ba zai gane ba.

Sai dai kuma, kalmomin da ba su rikid’e suka sami gindin zama ba, to majiya harshen aro kan gane su cikin sauk’i. Ga misali, irin wad’annan kalmomi sun had’a da kalmomin Ingilishi da aka aro zuwa Hasua kamar asibiti (hospital) da likita (doctor). Babu yadda za a yi majiya Ingilishi su gane cewa kalmomi irin su Chemistry, assassin, algorism da magazine duk tushensu daga Larabci ne.

Daga abin da ya gabata, kalmomin aro su ne kalmomi ko sassan jumla da aka d’auko daga harshen asali domin amfani da su a garshen kar’ba. Matuk’ar dai yanayin bai shafi d’aukowa da kuma amfani ba. to wannan ba aron kalmomi ba ne. a maimakon haka, to lamarin ya zama fassara ko k’irk’ira. Su kuwa fassara da k’irk’ira ba lallai ba ne su yi amfani da aron kalmomi ba. wannan ya nuna cewa:

1. Aron kalmomi yana d’amfare ne da amfani da kalmomi ko sassan jumloli.


2. Aro yakan faru ne a lokacin da harsuna suke huld’a ko mu;amala da juna.


3. Wasu kalmomin aro sukan rikid’e a sabon yanayi cikin sauk’i wasu kuwa ba sa rikid’ewa cikin sauk’i.

https://www.amsoshi.com/2018/01/12/harshen-wasa-tsokaci-daga-shirin-labarin-wasanni-na-gidan-rediyon-bbc-1/

Ga misalin kalmomin aro da aka yi daga harshen Ingilishi zuwa Hausa:

	Ingilishi	Hausa
1.	Coach	Koci/mai horar da ‘yan wasa
2.	Club	Kulob/k’ungiyar ‘yan wasa
3.	Penalty	Fenareti
4.	Referee	Rafali/alk’alin wasa
5.	League	Rukunin gasa
6.	Striker	Mai kai hari
7.	Capain	Kyaftin
8.	Score	Ci/zura
9.	Football fan	Masu kallon ball
10.	Jersey	Rigar ‘yan wasa

 

Daga misalan rubutattun labarun wasanni BBC Hausa a shafin internet da suka gabata, za mu ga cewar ba sa bisa k’a’idojin rubutun Hausa. Akan had’e kalmomin da ba su kamata a had’e ba,  da kuma raba wad’anda ba su kamata a raba ba. haka kuma, ba sa amfani da sautuka masu k’ugiya misali: k’, k’y, k’w, d’, da ‘ya da sauran k’a’idojin da alamomin rubutun Hausa.

3.3 Shiryawa Da Gabatarwa

Idan aka ce shiri, ana nufin irin yadda ake tsarin labaru, ko rahotanni, ko wasu shirye-shirye da ake tsarawa kafin a yad’a ga masu saurare mafi yawancin labaran sashen Hasua na BBC fassara su ake yi daga harshen Turanci zuwa Hausa.

Mai shirya shirin (producer), shi yake zuwa da labarin a rubuce, sai a shiga da shi d’akin shirya labaru (news room) a zauna tare da ma’aikata wad’anda suka yi ruwa da tsaki (masana kuma k’wararru) domin a fassara a kuma tsara shirin ta sigar da ake so ya fito. Bayan an gama tsarawa, sai a ba wa editoci (editors) domin su tace shirin, inda daga nan kuma za a je d’akin watsa labaru a gabatar da shi ga mau sauraro.

Gabatarwa na nufin yadda ake gabatar da shirye-shirye ga masu sauraro. Kowanne shiri na da yadda ake gabatar da shi. ana gabatar da shirin labarin wasanni kamar haka:

Mai jan akalan labaran shi yake fara gabatar da wanda zai karanto labarin. Ga gabatarwar kamar haka:

Yanzu kuma ga Muhamamd Annur Muhamamd d’auke da shirin labarin wasanni.

Sai Muhammad Annur ya ce:

Tau masu sauraro barkanmu da kasancewa a shirin labarin wasanni.

Wani lokacin kuma ana gabatarwa kamar haka.

Tau jama’a masu sauraro barkanmu da sake kasancewa a cikin sabon shirin labarin wasanni.

https://www.amsoshi.com/tuntubi-masu-gudanarwa/

3.4 Nad’ewa

Wannan babin ya tattauna a kan bayanan da suka shafi shirin labarin wasanni na BBC, inda muka yi bayanin manufar shirin wanda ya shfai yad’a labarun ire-iren abubuwan da ke wakana a cikin sana’ar wasan k’wallon k’afa da ma sauran wasanni na ciki da na wajen k’asashen duniya. Haka kuma, mun dubi abin da ya shafi zubi da tsarin shirin labarin wasanni, inda muka gano cewa yana da zubin kalmomin aro, da kuma salon sarrafa kalmomi da kuma rashin bin k’a’idojin rubutu. Daga k’arshe kuma, mun kawo bayanan da suka danganci yadda ake shirywa da kuma gabatar da shirin.