Hukuncin Kudin Da Aka Ba Mara Lafiya A Asibiti Kafin Ya Rasu

𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀❓

Assalamu Alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh, malam. Ina wuni? Tambayata ita ce: Wani bawan Allah ne ya yi rashin lafiya har aka kwantar da shi a asibiti. Yana da iyali da yawa. Wasu daga cikin mutanen da suke zuwa dubiya asibiti suna kawo masa kuɗi, sai su ba wasu daga cikin iyalinsa kuɗin ta hannunsu domin su miƙa masa.

Amma sai waɗanda aka ba kuɗin suka riƙe wasu daga cikin kuɗin, ba su miƙa wa mara lafiyar ba. Daga baya sai Allah Ya yi masa rasuwa. Yanzu mene ne matsayin waɗannan kuɗin? Wa ya kamata ya mallake su?

HUKUNCIN KUƊIN DA AKA BA MARA LAFIYA A ASIBITI KAFIN YA RASU

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Wa Alaikumus Salam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.

Allah Ya jiƙan marigayin, Ya gafarta masa, Ya ba iyalansa haƙurin rashinsa.

A irin wannan tambaya, abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne a fayyace wa aka nufa da kuɗin lokacin da aka bayar da su, domin hukuncin kuɗin zai dogara ne da ainihin niyyar mai bayarwa da yadda ya miƙa kuɗin.

Akwai yanayi daban-daban:

1. Idan an ba kuɗin mara lafiyar ne, aka ba wani kawai domin ya kai masa

Idan mutumin da ya kawo kuɗin ya ce, ko kuma abin da aka fahimta a fili shi ne:

“Ga wannan kuɗin, ku ba mara lafiyar,”

to waɗannan kuɗin na mara lafiyar ne tun daga lokacin da aka ba shi ko aka miƙa su ga wanda zai kai masa.

Mutumin da aka ba kuɗin domin ya kai wa mara lafiyar ba ya zama mamallakinsu. Shi dai wakili ne ko amintaccen mai isar da kuɗin.

Idan ya riƙe kuɗin ba tare da izinin mai bayarwa ko mara lafiyar ba, ba ya halatta ya mayar da su nasa.

Idan mara lafiyar ya rasu kafin a miƙa masa kuɗin, to idan an tabbatar cewa kuɗin nasa ne, za a ɗauke su a matsayin dukiyar da yake da haƙƙinta, kuma su shiga cikin abin da ya bari bayan rasuwarsa. Sai a yi musu hukuncin gadon da Shari'a ta tanada, bayan an kula da abubuwan da suke gabatar da rabon gado kamar kuɗin jana'iza masu dacewa, basussuka da wasiyya ingantacciya.

Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya ce:

﴿مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ﴾

Transliteration:
Min ba‘di waṣiyyatin yūṣī bihā aw dayn.

English translation:
“After any bequest he may have made or debt.”

(Surah An-Nisā’, 4:11)

Saboda haka, ba daidai ba ne a ce saboda mara lafiyar bai karɓi kuɗin da hannunsa ba kafin rasuwarsa, to kuɗin sun zama mallakin wanda aka ba su.

2. Idan an ba kuɗin ne a matsayin amana domin a kai masa

Wannan ya fi bayyana idan mai bayarwa ya ce:

“Ga wannan kuɗin, ka ba wane mara lafiya.”

A nan wanda aka ba kuɗin amintacce ne, kuma wajibi ne ya sauke amanar da aka ba shi.

Allah Ya ce:

﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهَا﴾

Transliteration:
Inna Allāha ya’murukum an tu’addul-amānāti ilā ahlihā.

English translation:
“Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due.”

(Surah An-Nisā’, 4:58)

Saboda haka, idan an ba mutum kuɗi domin ya kai wa mara lafiya, ba ya halatta ya riƙe su ya mai da su nasa ba tare da izini ba.

Annabi ﷺ ya kuma ce:

«أَدِّ الأَمَانَةَ إِلَى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ، وَلَا تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَكَ»

Transliteration:
Addil-amānata ilā man i’tamanaka, wa lā takhun man khānak.

English translation:
“Return the trust to the one who entrusted you, and do not betray the one who betrays you.”

(Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 3535; Jāmi‘ at-Tirmidhī, 1264)

Saboda haka, wanda ya riƙe kuɗin da aka ba shi domin ya miƙa wa mara lafiya yana da alhakin mayar da kuɗin ga wanda yake da haƙƙinsa.

3. Idan mai bayarwa ya ba kuɗin kai tsaye ga wanda ya karɓa

Idan kuma mai bayarwa bai ce kuɗin na mara lafiya ba, bai ce a kai masa ba, sai ya ba mutumin kuɗin kai tsaye a matsayin kyauta ko taimako gare shi, to hukuncin zai bambanta.

A irin wannan yanayin, idan magana da yanayin bayarwar sun nuna cewa wanda aka ba kuɗin shi ne wanda aka yi wa kyautar, to kuɗin nasa ne, kuma ba za a ce dole ne ya ba mara lafiyar ba.

Saboda haka, ba wai duk kuɗin da aka ba wani daga cikin iyalin mara lafiya kai tsaye ne za a ce na mara lafiyar ba. Abin dubawa shi ne niyyar mai bayarwa da abin da ya faɗa lokacin bayarwar.

4. Idan ba a san ainihin wanda aka nufa da kuɗin ba fa?

Idan aka samu saɓani, misali wasu suna cewa:

“An ba mara lafiyar ne.”

Wasu kuma suna cewa:

“An ba wanda ya karɓa ne.”

to bai kamata a yi gaggawar ɗaukar kuɗin ba.

A irin wannan yanayin, ya kamata a binciki abin da mai bayarwa ya faɗa, a tambayi waɗanda suke wurin, a duba ko akwai saƙo ko wata shaida, sannan a tantance abin da ya fi tabbatar da ainihin niyyarsa.

Idan aka tabbatar cewa na mara lafiyar ne, to kuɗin suna cikin dukiyarsa kuma za su shiga cikin abin da ya bari bayan rasuwarsa. Idan kuma aka tabbatar cewa kyauta ce ga wanda aka ba kuɗin, to nasa ne. Idan kuma amana ce, dole ne a mayar da ita ga wanda yake da haƙƙinta.

A taƙaice

Idan kuɗin an ba mara lafiyar ne, aka ba wani domin ya kai masa → kuɗin na mara lafiyar ne.

Idan kuɗin amana ne domin a kai masa → wanda ya karɓa dole ne ya isar da su, ba ya halatta ya riƙe su don kansa.

Idan an ba wanda ya karɓa kyauta kai tsaye → kuɗin nasa ne, muddin wannan shi ne abin da mai bayarwa ya nufa.

Idan mara lafiyar ya rasu kafin a miƙa masa kuɗin da aka tabbatar cewa nasa ne → kuɗin suna cikin dukiyarsa kuma za a yi musu hukuncin gadonsa.

Saboda haka, a wannan tambayar, ba za a iya yanke hukunci kawai da cewa “an ba kuɗin ne a asibiti” ba. Abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne: Wa aka nufa da kuɗin? Me mai bayarwa ya faɗa? Kuma a wane matsayi aka ba wanda ya karɓa—mai kyauta ne ko wakili ne?

Idan aka samu irin wannan lamari a zahiri kuma kuɗin suna da yawa ko akwai saɓani tsakanin magada da waɗanda suka karɓi kuɗin, ya dace a kai batun wurin malamin da ya san fikihu domin a saurari dukkan ɓangarorin da hujjojin da suke da su kafin a yanke hukunci.

Allah Ya kiyaye mana amana, Ya taimake mu wajen mayar da haƙƙoƙin mutane ga masu su, Ya jiƙan waɗanda suka riga mu gidan gaskiya.

WALLAHU TA'ALA A'ALAM.

Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Alƙur'ani da Sunnah

 Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Alkur'ani Da Sunnah.

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WALLAHU A'ALAM.

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