Zuwan Musulunci Da Bunkasar Sunayen Hausawa

Daga

Adamu Rabi’u Bakura, Ph.D.
Department of Languages and Cultures
Federal University Gusau, Zamfara, Nigeria
Arbakura62@gmail.com & adamubakura@fugusau.edu.ng

Da

Abu-Ubaida SANI, Ph.D.
Department of Languages and Cultures,
Federal University Gusau, Zamfara, Nigeria
Email: abuubaidasani5@gmail.com | official@amsoshi.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-4334 | WhatsApp: +2348133529736

Shimfiɗa

Sanadiyyar albarkatun ƙasa da Allah Ya shimfiɗa a farfajiyar ƙasar Hausa, an sami al’ummomi da dama da suka dinga yin sintiri a sassa daban-daban na cikinta. Dangogin al’ummomin da suka cuɗanya da Hausawa har sunayensu suka yi tasiri a tsakaninsu sun haɗa da: Larabawa, Barebari da kuma Fulani, kamar yadda za a gani ɗaya bayan ɗaya.

Larabawa

Tun a wajen ƙarni na 12 Larabawa suka soma zuwa ƙasar Hausa domin harkar ciniki da ƙoƙarin yaɗa addinin Musulunci. Misali, Shehu Abdurrahman Al-Magili, ya zo Kano a zamanin Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Rumfa (1463–1499). Ya ziyarci Katsina. Sun koya wa Hausawa addinin Musulunci. Hasali ma suka zauna tare da su suka cuɗanya da su. Wannan ya haifar da muhimman sauyi ta fuskar ilimi da sunayen Hausawa da ma rayuwarsu ta yau-da-kullum. Daga cikin sauyin da aka samu ta fuskar sunayen yanka kamar yadda addinin Musulunci ya shata. An kuma sami bayyanar sunayen laƙubban da suka danganci addinin, kamar yadda Ibrahim, (1978 p. 98-9).

Zuwan Musulunci Ƙasar Hausa da Wanzuwar Sababbin Sunaye

Addinin Musulunci ya shiga Nijeriya ta Arewa a tsakanin ƙarni na 11 zuwa na 14 miladiyya. Masana kamar Ilor, (1971) da Galadanci, (1982) da Ibrahim, (1982) da Gusau, (1989 p. 31) sun bayyana cewa, Musulunci ya sadu da Daular Kanemin-Barno a ƙarni na goma sha ɗaya (11). Ana hasashen har ma Mai Hummi Jilmi ɗan Selemma (1085-1097m) shi ne ake jin wanda ya fara kaɓar Musulunci a cikin sarakunan Barno. Daga nan ne ma ya juya (sauya) wa kansa suna zuwa Muhammadu.

A ƙasar Hausa kuwa, addinin Musulunci ya shigo ne a mabambantan lokuta. An soma karɓar Musulunci a Kano a cikin ƙarni na 14. Sarkin Kano Aliyu Yaji (1349 zuwa 1385m) shi ne sarki na farko da ya fara amincewa da Musulunci. Ya kuma yi ƙoƙarin yaɗa shi cikin ƙasarsa.

A Katsina kuwa, Musulunci ya samu shiga ne a zamanin Sarkin Katsina Muhammadu Korau (1320 zuwa 1353m). Tun daga lokacin aka cigaba da yaɗa shi a garin, musamman zamanin Sarkin Katsina Ibrahim Maje (1494 zuwa1520m). A lokacinsa ne Musulmi suka sami ranar shanya garinsu.

A Zazzau kuwa, an sami rabauta da addinin Musulunci ne a zamanin mulkin Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Rabo a daidai ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha biyar (15). Duk da kasancewar an sha kai da kawowa na rikicin gida da ya addabi ƙasar, an yi ƙoƙarin yaɗa addinin Musulunci gwargwadon hali. Daga baya ma a wajen ƙarni na 19, Daular Zazzau ta zama babbar Cibiyar Koyar da Ilimin Addinin Musulunci da Lugga. Wannan ya wanzar da samuwar almajirai masu neman ilimi suka dinga tururuwa a cikin Zazzau domin ɗaukar karatu. Ƙasar ta ɗaukaka ta fannin ilimin nahawu da lugga, kamar yadda (Galadanci, 1982 p. 28-33) da (Ibrahim, 1982 p. 29-35) da (Gusau, 1989 p. 31-32) suka bayyana.

A ƙasar Zamfara kuwa, ana kyautata zaton cewa, a cikin ƙarni na 17 suka karɓi Musulunci ta hannun tawagar Barebari Malamai da suka fito daga Barno. Kuma su ne suka taimaka wajen musuluntar da sarakunan Zamfara a cikin ƙarni na 17 ɗin, kamar yadda Nadama (1977 p. 185) ya nuna. Sarkin Zamfara Aliyu ɗan Daka ne Sarkin Zamfara na farko da ya fara karɓar Addinin Musulunci. Kuma shi ne ya soma gina masallatai a Birnin Zamfara. Hasali ma, duk garin da ya ci da yaƙi yakan gina masallaci, kamar yadda (Nadama, 1977 p. 185) da (Nalado, 1999 p. 16) suka nuna.

Manazarta

Bakura, A.R. & Sani, A-U. (2024). Sunayen Hausawa (Bunƙasar Sunayen Hausawa da Maƙwabtansu). WT Press. ISBN: 978-978-782-932-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19512083