Tasirin Intanet a Duniyar Yau

Daga

Abu-Ubaida Sani
Jibril Yusuf
Muhammad Sulaiman Abdullahi

A yau, intanet ya zama wani ɓangare na rayuwar al’umma. A cikin giraf na 1.1 da 1.2 da aka kawo a ƙarƙashin 1.2.5 a wannan babi na ɗaya, za a ga cewa a shekarar 1991 ne aka samar da kafar intanet ta farko. Ya zuwa shekarar 2017, adadin kafafen intanet sun kai biliyan ɗaya da miliyan ɗari bakwai da sitting (biliyan 1.76). Adadin ya sauka a shekarar 2018 da 2019. A 2019, adadin kafafen intanet ya kasance kimanin biliyan ɗaya da miliyan ɗari bakwai da ashirin (biliyan 1.72). Adadin na kafafen intanet ya ƙara yawa a shekarar 2020 da kuma 2021. A shekarar 2021, adadin kafafen intanet sun kai biliyan ɗaya da miliyan ɗari takwas da tamanin (biliyan 1.88). Duk waɗannan alƙaluma suna nuni ne ga yadda duniya ta rungumi al’amarin intanet.

A ɓangare guda kuwa, sama da rabin mutanen duniya ne suke amfani da intanet. An samu wannan rahoto daga ƙididdigar da Statista ta yi a farkon shekarar 2020. A yayin rubuta rahoton a kafar Statista, Clement (2020 para. 2) ya bayyana cewa:

Almost 4.54 billion people were active internet users as of January 2020, encompassing 59 percent of the global population.

Fassara

Ya zuwa watan Janairu na shekarar 2020, masu amfani da intanet sun kai kimanin biliyan 4.54, wanda hakan ya kai kashi 59 na adadin mutanen duniya.

Giraf 1.3: Adadin Masu Amfani da Intanet a Watan Janairu na Shekarar 2020

Madogara: Climent, (2020 para. 2)

Ko bayan adadin mutanen da suke amfani da intanet, masu cuɗanya da duniyar intanet a kullum abin dubawa ne. Kowace kafa aka ɗauka za a tarar da akwai adadin mutane da suke ziyarta tare da gudanar da al’amura a kowace rana (wata ta fi wata yawan maziyarta kwatankwacin ficenta da amfaninta). Wannan bincike ya yi yunƙuri ɗauko hadahadar duniyar intanet da yake wakana a yanzu (shekarar 2024). Wannan yunƙuri ya ci tura sakamakon bayanan kai-tsaye daga kafar da aka dogara a kanta wajen samun waɗannan alƙaluma sun ƙafe a wannan lokaci, kamar yadda za a gani a cikin hoton da yake ƙasa:

Chen et al. (2002 p. 6) sun nazarci ayyuka daban-daban da aka gudanar game da tasirin intanet a kan al’ummomi. Ayyukan da suka nazarta sun haɗa da na Nie (2001) da Wellman (2001) da Nie et al. (2002). Bayan nazartar ayyukan, sun fitar da nau’o’in tasirin da intanet yake yi kan al’umma kamar haka:

i. The Internet decreases community (Intanet yana samar da koma-baya ga al’umma)

ii. The Internet transforms community (Intanet yana kawo sauye-sauye ga rayuwar al’umma)

iii. The Internet supplements community (Intanet yana samar da wata al’umma ta daban)

Koma-baya da intanet yake haifarwa ga al’umma ya shafi fannonin rayuwarsu daban-daban. Daga cikinsu akwai yadda al’amuran nishaɗi da ɓata lokaci da intanet yake ƙunshe da su suke ɗauke wa mutane hankali da shagaltar da su. A haka ne al’umma take rungumar intanet a maimakon yin amfani da lokutansu wajen aikata ayyukan da za su taimake su a ɗaiɗaikunsu, ko a matakin al’umma.

 Intanet ya zo da manyan sauye-sauye guda biyu, masu amfani da waɗanda suke mazaunin ƙalubale.[1] A ɓangare guda kuwa, al’umma ta daban da intanet yake samarwa yana nufin al’amura da hulɗa da suke wanzuwa a duniyar intanet. Haka kuma, ya shafi yadda halaye da ɗabi’un mutane suke sauyawa sakamakon hulɗa da intanet.

Za a ƙara fahimtar tasirin intanet yayin da aka nazarci tasirin kafafen sada zumunta ga zamantakewar yau. A duniyar yau, kafafen sada zumunta sun zama wani ɓangare na rayuwar al’umma. Kusan za a iya cewa, duniyar mafi yawan mutane ba za ta iya rayuwa ba sai da su. Dalili kuwa shi ne, rayuwar mutanen ta dogara kacokan a kan ire-iren waɗannan kafafe. Nan ne cin su, nan ne shan su![2]

Binciken Ceci (2019 para. 3) ya nuna cewa, masu amfani da kafar Whatsapp a watanni kaɗan bayan samar da kafar sun kai kimanin biliyan guda da miliyan ɗari biyar (1,005,000,000). Binciken da Jayasekara (2015) ya gudanar kuwa, ya nuna cewa, ana samun ƙaruwar masu amfani da kafafen sada zumunta matuƙa a kullum wayewar garin Allah Ta’ala.

Masana da manazarta da dama sun yi bincike da rubuce-rubuce game da tasirin kafafen sadarwa a zamantakewa.[3] Misali, Siddiqui & Singh sun bayyana cewa:

Nowaday’s social media has been the important part of one’s life from shopping to electronic mails, education and business tool. Social media plays a vital role in transforming people’s life style. (Siddiqui & Singh, 2016 p. 71)

Fassara

A yau, kafafen sada zumunta sun zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na rayuwar ɗan’adam tun daga kan sayayya da tura saƙonni da ilimi har zuwa kasuwanci. Kafafen sada zumunta suna taka muhimmiyar rawa dangane da salon rayuwar mutane.

Lallai wannan batu haka yake, domin kuwa ko a ƙasar Hausa akwai mutane da dama da suka raja’a matuƙa kan kafafen na sada zumunta. Akwai muhimman ɓangarorin rayuwa da waɗannan kafafe suka fi shafa. Daga ciki akwai:

i. Biɗa da tanadi

ii. Ilimi da karantarwa

iii. Nishaɗantarwa

iv. Sada zumunta

v. Tattaunawa a matakin ɗaiɗaiku ko ƙungiyoyi

Tun farko dai waɗannan kafafe an samar da su ne domin sada zumunta. Misali, Facebook da aka samar a wajajen 2004, ya kasance hoɓɓasa ne na ɗalibin Jami’ar Harvard mai suna Mark Zuckerberg. Ya ƙirƙiri Facebook ne a matsayin kafar sada zumunta tsakanin ɗaliban makarantar ta Harvard. Sannu a hankali ɗaliban wasu makarantu na daban suka fara amfana da ita.[4] A shekarar 2006 ne kuma aka fitar da ita a matsayin kafar sada zumunta da duniya gaba ɗaya za ta iya amfani da ita (Baruah, 2012 p. 4;  Ceci, 2019 para. 2). A zuwa yau, Facebook ne yake kan gaba a duk cikin kafafen sada zumunta. Ga wasu fitattun kafafen sada zumunta tare da adadin mutanen da suke da akawun da su:

Jadawali Na 1.2: Kafafen Sada Zumunta da Adadin Masu Akawun a Kansu

Kafa	Masu Akawun
Facebook	2,980,000,000
YouTube	2,500,000,000
WhatsApp	2,240,000,000
Instagram	2,350,000,000
TikTok	1,090,000,000
Snapchat	750,000,000
Twitter (X)	540,000,000
LinkedIn	950,000,000
Pinterest	465,000,000
Reddit	430,000,000

Madogara: Chukwuere (2021) da Leventhal, et al (2021)

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[1] Sauƙaƙa sadarwa da kasuwanci da sauran nau’o’in hulɗoɗin al’umma cigaba ne da ya samu a sakamakon intanet. A ɓangare guda kuwa, akwai al’amuran da intanet ta zo da su waɗanda suka kasance koma-baya ko cikas ga al’adu da kuma zamantakewa. Sun haɗa da satar bayanan sirri da yaɗa alfasha da mugun aiki da cusa miyagun aƙidu da makamantansu.

[2] A shekarar 2019, kafar intanet ɗin nan mai suna Sitatista da take adana bayanai dangane da kafafen intanet ta fitar da ƙididdigar ma’aikatan Fesbuk. Ta bayyana cewa, a shekarar 2018, ma’aikatan sun kai dubu ashirin da biyar da ɗari ɗaya da biyar (25,105). Ko bayan Fesbuk akwai manyan kafafen sada zumunta da suke da ɗimbin ma’aikata. Daga ciki har da Tuwita da TikTok da makamantansu.

[3] Wasu daga cikin rubuce-rubucen sun haɗa da na Baruah (2012) da Korkmaz et al. (2014) da Owusu-Acheaw & Larson (2015) da Siddiqui & Singh (2016) da Dansabe (2019).

[4] Makarantun da suka fara amfani da kafar sun haɗa da Columbia da Yale da Stanford (Ceci, 2019 para. 2).

Manazarta: 

Sani, A-U.,  Yusuf, J. & Abdullahi, M.S. (2025). Damfara a duniyar intanet. SAS Publishers. ISBN: 978-978-695-575-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19513307