Ma’anar Damfara

Daga

Abu-Ubaida Sani
Jibril Yusuf
Muhammad Sulaiman Abdullahi

Damfara tana ɗaya daga cikin munanan ɗabi’u masu dogon tarihi a tsakanin al’umma. Manazarta da marubuta daban-daban sun yi ƙoƙarin bayyana ma’anarta. A luggance, Ƙamusun Hausa na Jami’ar Bayero ya bayyana ma’anar damfara a matsayin “(dàmfaràa, sn., mc.) (i) yaudara ko zamba da ake yi wa wani mutum da yake zaton zai sami wata ƙaruwa (ii) wala-wala” Sa’id et al. (2006 p. 93).

Kafin Ƙamusun Hausa, Bunza (1994 p. 2) ya kawo cikakkiyar ma’anar damfara, a inda yake cewa: “Amfani da dabara ta fuskar nuna wayo da yaudara a kaikaice domin a karɓi dukiyar mutum.” Ma’anar da Maiyama (2001) ya kawo ba ta kauce wa wannan fahimta ba. Ya bayyana cewa:

Hanya ce da wani ƙwararre yake bi ya mallaki abin mutum ta hanyar amfani da daɗin lafazi da nuna kwaɗayi zuwa ga wanda za a zalunta don ya yarda ya saki jiki har ya amince don ƙwaɗayin abin da aka yi masa nuni da shi. Maiyama (2001 p. 27)

A shekarar 2018 ma Doma ya kawo ma’ana da take matuƙar kama da wannan. Yana cewa: “Damfara hanya ce ta cuta wanda ake amfani da ita wajen karɓar kuɗin mai son banza, ta hanyar kwaɗaitar da mutum a kan abin da yake so.” Doma (2018)

A nan za a iya kula da cewa, dukkannin ma’anonin sukan yi tarayya a kan wasu muhimman abubuwa. Duk sun yarda da cewa:

a. Damfara ta ƙunshi yaudara

b. Damfara ta ƙunshi yi wa mutum wayo

c. Damfara ta ƙunshi yin ƙarya

d. Damfara ta ƙunshi karɓe wani abu mai daraja daga hannun wani

Ma’anar da Adamu (2014 p. 118-119) ya bayar ta jaddada waɗannan, a inda ya kalli damfara a matsayin “wata hanya da mutum zai shirya ta wayo da ƙarya domin ya karɓi abin hannun jama’a.”

Yana da kyau a lura da cewa, damfara ba ta taƙaita ga kuɗi ba kawai. Ana iya damfarar mutum domin karɓar wani abu daga gare shi wanda yake da daraja. Abin yana iya kasancewa mai daraja ne kai-tsaye, ko kuma wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen samun wani abin da yake da daraja. Bunza (1994) yana da irin wannan fahimtar a inda yake cewa:

Damfara ta keɓanta ga kuɗi tsabarsu ko wasu kadarorin da ake iya kaɗarwa nan take a sami tsabar kuɗi. Da yawa takan samo asali ne daga kawo kuɗi in yi maka kuɗi ko alƙawarin samun kuɗin cikin sauƙaƙƙar hanya. Bunza (1994 p. 2)

Abin lura a nan shi ne, yadda ake da nau’o’in kadarori a duniyar zahiri, haka ma akwai su a duniyar intanet. Ƙin ƙarawa ma shi ne, bayanai kansu kadarori ne masu muhimmanci a duniyar intanet. Sun shafi keɓantattun bayanan mutane da ra’ayoyinsu da yadda suke ma’amala da intanet (misali shafukan da suka fi so ko kasuwannin kan intanet da suka fi ziyarta da dai sauransu).

A cikin ma’anar damfara da Hassan (2019 p. 7) ya kawo, an jiyo amon ‘zamani.’ Ya bayyana ma’anarta da cewa: “…hanya ce ta karɓar kuɗi a hannun mutane ta amfani da siddabaru da ƙwaɗaitar da mutum bisa samun abin duniya cikin sauƙi. Waɗannan hanyoyi sun haɗa da dabarun gargajiya da na zamani.”

Lura da duka bayanan da suka gabata, ana iya cewa damfara hanya ce ta amfani da dabarun yaudara don kwaɗaitar da wani samun abin alfanu dangin kuɗi ko wani abu mai daraja, domin raba shi wani abinsa dindindin.

Manazarta: 

Sani, A-U.,  Yusuf, J. & Abdullahi, M.S. (2025). Damfara a duniyar intanet. SAS Publishers. ISBN: 978-978-695-575-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19513307