Hukuncin Sallar Kasaru

𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀❓

Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Malam nice nayi tafiya hutu wani garin amma xan dade shin malam zan riƙa yin qasaru neh ko cikakkiyar sallah xan nayi?

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Wa'alaikumussalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh 'yar uwa dukkanin wanda ya nufaci zaiyi tafiya bai rigaya ya kuduce ga iya kwanakin da zaiyi ba acan bayan zuwan sa, to zaici gaba da yin kasaru tsawon dadewar da yayi yana zama acan komin dadewar sa kuwa, Al-Imamu Ibnul-Munzir Allah ya masa rahama ya ce

"أجمع أهل العلم أن للمسافر أن يقصر ما لم يجمع إقامة, وإن أتي عليه سنوان"

Ma'ana "Masana (malamai) kansu ya hadu cewa lallai matafiyi zaita yin kasaru madamar bai zama dan gari ba, koda kuwa ace shekaru zasu riske shi ne a wajen" (Fiqhul-Muyassar Na Sa'ad Yusuf Abu-Aziz shafi na 134)

Don haka zaki cigaba da kasaru in shaa Allah gwagwadon kwanakin da kikayi wa kanki fatan zakiyi, koda kuwa kwana nawa ne zakiyi, amma idan kwanakin ki suka kare kuma baki dawo ba to zaki cika sallah in shaa Allah, amma idan baki kayyade kwana nawa zakiyi ba to zaki cigaba da yin kasaru tsawon zamanki a wajen madamar ba kin koma can da zama bane, amma dai kiji a ranki cewa baki saba wa Allah ba ki samu yikini cewa kina akan dai dai kina akan koyi da shiriyar Annabi Muhammad tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gareshi, amma idan kokonto ya shigo acikin zuciyar ki to zaki cigaba da cika sallar ki in shaa Allah domin ba'a gabatar da ibadah da shakka anaso a samu yakini ne acikin bauta wa Allah tsarkakakken sarki, Allah ne mafi sani ku duba (Al-mughniy na Ibn Qudamah juz'i na 2 shafi na 134-145 haka cikin Majmoo'ul-Fataawa na BinBaz wato Fatawas-Salah shafi na 458)

WALLAHU A'ALAM

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HUKUNCIN SALLAR KASARU

𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀❓

Mene ne adadin tsawon kwanakin da matafiyi zai iya yin sallar ƙasaru a cikinsu?

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Alalhaƙiƙa wannan wata mas'alace da Malamai sukayi saɓani a kanta, akwai maganganun Malamai sama da guda (20) akan wannan mas'ala ta ƙasaru, to amma za mu taƙaita ne kawai za mu ambaci ƙaulin da ya fi shahara ne a wajen Malamai. Mazhabin MALIKIYYA da kuma HANABILA, sun tafi ne a kan cewa idan matafiyi ya yi niyyar zai zauna ya yi kwanaki (4) a garin da zai je, to wajibi ne ya cika sallarsa.

Amma wasu Malaman suka ce matafiyi ba zai dena sallar ƙasaru ba har sai ya yi nufin zama ya daɗe na tsawon wani lokaci a garin da ya je kamar mutumin da yatafi wani gari da yake zaune a can yana karatu.

Amma Mazhabin HANAFIYYA suka ce idan ya yi nufin zama a garin da ya je na tsawon kwanaki (15) ko sama da haka to kawai zai cika sallarsa ne, amma idan ba zai kai adadin kwanaki (15) a garin ba to zai ci gaba ne da yin sallar ƙasaru har ya dawo garinsu.

Sai dai wasu daga cikin Malaman suka ce a shari'ance babu wani ƙayyadadden lokaci da a ka ce matafiyi zai dena sallar ƙasaru a cikinsa, dan haka suka ce idan matafiyi ya je wani gari to zai riƙa yin sallar ƙasaru ne har zuwa lokacin da zai gama buƙatunsa ya dawo gida ko da kuwa kwana nawa zai yi a can ɗin to sallar ƙasaru zai ke yi.

Masu wannan ra'ayi sun kafa hujja ne da Hadisin Mαnzon Allαh (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) na fathu Makka wanda Mαnzon Allαh (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) tare da Sahabbai sukayi kusan kwana (19) a garin Makka suna yin sallar ƙasaru kafin su dawo Madina. Da kuma tafiyar da sukayi zuwa yaƙin Tabuka wanda anan ma har sukaje suka dawo sallar ƙasaru sukeyi, kuma sunyi kwanaki (20) a can kafin su dawo.

To sai dai magana mafi inganci ita ce, idan mutum ya yi tafiya zuwa wani gari saboda wata buƙata kamar ta kasuwanci, ko wani abu dabam makamancin haka, to idan ya kasance yana zaman jiran a kawo kaya ne da nufin ya saya, ko kuma shi ne ya kai hajarsa can da nufin sayarwa kuma yana jiran a bashi kuɗinsa wanda inda buƙatarsa za ta samu to ko da a lokacin nan take zai iya dawowa gida amma hakan ba ta samu ba. Malamai suka ce irin wannan ko da kwana nawa zai yi a garin to sallar ƙasaru zai keyi ko da kuwa zai yi shekara ne a garin.

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 Mυѕтαρнα Uѕмαи

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HUKUNCIN SALLAR QASARU

Tambaya

Mene ne adadin tsawon kwanakin da matafiyi zai iya yin sallar ƙasaru a cikinsu?

Amsa

Asali: Sallar ƙasaru ga matafiyi

Sallar ƙasaru ita ce rage raka’a daga 4 zuwa 2 a sallar Farilla guda biyu (Zuhr, Asr, Isha’a) saboda tafiya mai nisa. Wannan an amince da shi a Qur’ani da Hadisai, domin sauƙaƙa wa matafiyi:

وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَقْصُرُوا مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ مَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرًا

“Kuma idan kuka tafi a ƙasa (a tafiya), ba laifi a kanku idan ku rage daga sallar ku. Lalle Allah Mai gani ne abin da kuke aikatawa.”

— Surah An-Nisa’i: 101

Haka nan Annabi (ﷺ) ya yi ƙasaru a tafiyoyi masu nisa, kamar yadda aka ruwaito a Sahih Muslim:

"Annabi (ﷺ) yana tafiya ya rage sallar Zuhr, Asr, da Isha’a raka’a biyu."

Tsawon kwanakin da matafiyi zai yi ƙasaru

Malamai sun yi saɓani a kan tsawon kwanakin da ake ɗauka matafiyi zai ci gaba da sallar ƙasaru:

a) Mafi rinjaye: Mazhabar Malikiya da Hanabila

Idan matafiyi ya yi niyyar zama a garin da ya isa na ƙanana kwanaki huɗu, to zai cika sallar sa ta Farilla (ba ƙasaru ba).

Idan kwanakin ƙasa da huɗu ne, zai ci gaba da yin ƙasaru.

b) Mazhabin Hanafiyya

Idan ya yi niyyar zama a garin da ya isa na ƙasa da kwanaki 15, zai ci gaba da yin ƙasaru.

Idan zai zauna 15 ko sama da haka, sai ya cika sallar ta cikakken raka’a.

c) Ra’ayoyi masu sassauci

Wasu malamai sun ce babu takamaiman lokaci, domin hujjar su ita ce:

Annabi (ﷺ) da Sahabbai sun yi ƙasaru har tsawon kwana 19 a Makka kafin su dawo Madina (Fathu Makkah),

Suka yi irin wannan a tafiyar Yaƙin Tabuk (kwana 20).

Saboda haka, idan matafiyi yana tafiya don kasuwanci, hajj, ko wani buƙatuwar aiki, ko da zai zauna shekara ɗaya, zai ci gaba da yin ƙasaru har sai ya samu damar komawa gida ko yin sallar cikakke.

Sharhi

Manufar ƙasaru: sauƙaƙa wa matafiyi ba tare da lalata ladansa ba.

Dole ne ya yi ƙasaru har sai ya kai matsayin da zai zauna a gari ba tare da niyyar tafiya ba, ko ya yi niyyar samun damar komawa gida.

Ƙarshe

Mazhabar Malikiya/Hanabila: kwanaki 4 da ƙasa da hakan → ƙasaru, kwana ≥4 → cikakke.

Mazhabin Hanafiyya: kwanaki 15 da ƙasa da hakan → ƙasaru, kwana ≥15 → cikakke.

Ra’ayoyi masu sassauci: babu iyaka, har sai an gama buƙata, daidaitacce da yadda Annabi (ﷺ) da Sahabbai suka yi.

Allah ne mafi sani.