Hauka A Idon Bahaushe: Nazari A Mahangar Al’ada

TAKARDAR DA AKA GABATAR A TARON ƘARAWA JUNA SANI WANDA ƘUNGIYAR MARUBUTA TA AREWA (AWAN) SUKA SHIRYA A ZAUREN TARO DAKE KWALEJIN KOYAR DA SHARI’A DA ADDININ MUSULUNCI TA MALAM AMINU KANO, JIHAR KANO NIJERIYA RANAR ASABAR –15 GA JANAIRU 2022. ƘARFE 10:00 NA HANTSI DAIDAI BAN- RUWAN DAWAKI

Daga
Dr. Mu’azu Sa’adu Muhammad

SASHIN NAZARIN HARSUNAN NIJERIYA, JAMI’AR SULE LAMIƊO, KAFIN HAUSA, JIHAR JIGAWA, NIJERIYA
07030803404
Email: muazusaadukudan299@gmail.com

 

 Tsakure

Maƙasudin wannan bincike shi ne ƙoƙarin gano wasu abubuwa da suka shafi ciwon hauka da yadda Bahaushe yake kallan mahaukaci tare da ciwon hauka, da matsayinsa al’ada. Sannan kuma sai ire-iren ciwon hauka ta fuskar sanadojin, da kuma ta fuskar ɗabi’ar mahaukaci, sai tasirin yanayi a kan ciwon. Za’a hararo tare da kawo hanyoyin magance ciwon a gargajiyance. Don cim ma nasarar wannan bincike, na raba shi zuwa ɓangarori. Na farko yana ɗauke da gabatarwa da ma’anar hauka, da bayanin hauka a idan masana al’ada. Na biyu yana ƙunshe da wane ne mahaukaci? Abokai ko aminai, sannan da Maƙwabtan mahaukaci da jirwayen hauka a adabin bakan Bahaushe ne. kuma, na yi nazari matsayin mahaukaci a mizanin al’ada tare da bayyana dangantakar mahaukaci da wasu abubuwa da mutane, da dai sauransu. A ƙarshe sai kammalawa da manarzata.

1.0 GATARWA

Da sunan Allah Mai rahama Mai jinƙai, Mai kowa, Mai komai, Mai aikata abin da Ya so, ga wanda Ya so, a sadda Ya so, a yadda Ya so, ko ana so ba a so dole bayi su so. Tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata ga shugaban halittu Annabi Muhammadu, da Alayensa da Sahabbansa.

Wannan muƙala za ta ɗan taɓo, wasu bayanai daga masana da ya shafi ciwon hauka da ma’anarta, da faɗaɗa ma’anar, sannan da ire-iren hauka ta fuskar sanadi, da kashe-kashen ciwon hauka ta fuskar ɗabi’ar mahaukaci, hauka a idan masana al’ada, da mafarin cutar, da alamunta. Wannan nazari zai haɗa da kawo wasu nau’o’in mutane da suke abokai, ko aminai, da maƙwabtan mahaukaci ta fuskar halaye. Haka kuma, akwai wasu abubuwa da mahaukaci bay a so, da wasu kuma abin lura game da harka da mahaukaci. Binciken ya ɗan hararo wasu dabaru ko hanyoyin neman waraka daga ciwon. An dunƙule tare da duban matsayin ciwon hauka da kuma mai fama da shi a al’adar Bahaushe watau yadda Bahaushe ke kallon ciwon hauka saboda haka ne na yi wa binciken take; Hauka A Idon Bahaushe. zai ƙunshi bayanai akan mahaukaci a mazaunin al’ada tare da gano wata dangantaka a tsakanin mahaukaci da jama’a da mata da yara da abinci da wasu abubuwa.

2.0 Ma’anar Hauka: Abubakar (2015:200) Hauka ciwo ne na gushewar hankali da tunani da kuma ganin cewar kowa a cikin jama’a yake yi, bai kamata ba, duk saboda da sakamakon wani ciwo da ya kama wasu halittu ko wata halitta a cikin ƙwaƙƙwalwar mutum. Ƙamusun Hausa (2006:198) i.Hauka na nufin rashin hankali. ii. ko Zaɓarɓarkar tukunya a kan wuta. Hauka wata cuta ce da kan kama mutum a sanadiyar naƙasar da ƙwaƙwalwa ta samu wanda kan sanya tawaya ko raunin hankali da na tunani ko kuma gushewarsu gaba ɗaya. Ana kiran mai fama da wannan cuta da makahauci namiji ko mahaukaciya idan mace ce in suna da yawa sai a kira su mahaukata.

Fassarar hauka ta sha bamban daga wannan al’umma zuwa waccan, a ko’ina cikin duniya, amma akwai abubuwa da yawa da duk duniya ta yarda cewa, duk wanda ya yi su ba shakka alamun hauka ne. Misali in Bahaushe ya ce an yi mai sammu, akasarinmu zamu yarda da haka har mu shiga neman magani ba don komai ba, sai don mun yarda ana yin sammu, amma in aka ce ma Bature an yi maka sammu ba wata-wata zai ɗauka cewa kana hauka ne. In Bahaushe yace yana jin wasu maganganu da ba mai ji daga cikin mutane sai shi, kuma ya ci-gaba da faɗar haka, za a ce to ya taɓu. Haka kuma in Bature ya ce haka shi ma za a ce ya haukace.

2.1 Tushen Kalmar Hauka: ya fara ne daga kalmar Hauka ta ‘hau’ in aka gutsure ɗafi da aka yi masa,wato ɗafa ƙeya. A harshen Hausa in aka ce ‘hau’ yana nufin hawa ko ɗare wani abu, a taƙaitacciyar jimlar Hausa, wato ciwon yana hawa kai (ya hau ka), kai ne muhallin hankali.

A Ƙasar Hausa, dole ne in za a fassara hauka akan yi la’akari da addini, al’adu, da ɗabi’u, akwai kamar nau’i uku ko huɗu na hauka, a likitance ba a iya wuce su ba.

1.      Hauka na ɗan lokaci kamar wanda ya sha giya ko ƙwaya. Abin da duk zai sa mashayi maye.

2.      Hauka na rashin lafiya wanda ba abin da ya sha, sai dai don ɓacin rai ko damuwa da tsoro.

3.      Hauka na aljannu, shi ne wanda aljannu ke shafar mutum a sakamakon haka sai ya rasa hankalinsa.

4.      Hauka na halaye, shi ne wanda mutum yana da hankali, amma ya kasa amfani da hankali wajen aikata abin da zai amfane shi, ko kuma guje wa abin da zai cuce shi.

2.2 Hauka A Ra’ayin Masana: Akwai bambancin ra’ayoyi akan ma’anar hauka ta lugar harshe da wadda ba ita ba. Ɗalhatu (2005). A fahimtarsa yana cewa, akwai hauka dangane da:

1.      Mutum zuwa mutum :- ko da a cikin mahaukata ma haukan hawa hawa ne, wani mahaukacin na ganin wani ne mahaukaci ko kuma a masu hankalin su ma abin da ya yi wa wani daidai to a wurin wani hauka ne wannan ya shafi saɓanin tunani ko bambanci wurin zama misali namiji da mace, mutanen alƙarya da mutanen ƙauye, ko mai ilmi da jahili.

2.      Al’umma zuwa al’umma:- A nan kuwa ya tsaya ne ga masu hankali, sannan kuma yana da dangantaka da al’adar mutanen matuƙar aka ce al’ada ta saɓa to komai kyawun ga wanda ya yarda da shi ya ke amma shi abokin zai ga aibinsa sai ya ce hauka ne. Misali Bahaushe da wani mutum daga wata ƙabila ko Bahaushe da Bature, kamar wani kirari da Bahaushe ke yi wa Bature. “Ɗantasalla manta salla mai fitsari a tsaye huntu ubangiji mai riga kaci gari ka kwana a daji.”

Bunza (2006) Bahaushe na ganin al’adar Bature ta sanya ƙananan tufafi kamar singileti da gajeren wando ba hula to ai kamar fitar ‘yan kokuwa. Don haka ne ya kira shi da huntu ubangiji mai riga watau zama ubangiji Bahaushe mai sanya riga fiye da Bature mai kammalalliyar fita ta taguwa da wando da riga da hula da rawani duk da haka ga huntu maras sutura ya zama shi ke da iko a kansa.Wannan saɓanin al’ada sai ya sa Bahaushe na ganin Bature kamar dai ba shi da cikkaken hankali sannan kuma girmama kare da mage da Bature ke yi, Bahaushe na kallon Bature matsayin wani wawa.

2.3 Alamomin Shigar Hauka: Hauka wata larura ce da take bin jini,ta baibaye ƙwaƙwalwa. Ko da yake ba duk take baibaye wa ba, sai dai tana baibaye ɓangaren basirar mutum. Wannan ciwo kan sanya mutum ya riƙa yin wasu ayyuka da ba na sabun ba, kamar dariya mara dalili, da kuka, da guje guje, da surutai barkatai, da zage zage, da jefe jefe, da zama zugum, da dauɗa ko ƙazanta, da saurin fushi da sauransu.

 Da farko idan mutum ya fara cutar hauka, zai fara tsartar da yawu, zazzare idanu ba dalili. Ƙauracewa jama’a, yawan ƙorafi da mita. bayyana tsiraici.

 Alama ta biyu ita ce, mutum zai fara jin ƙarfi a jikinsa, sannan kuma sai ya fara yin tunani da yawa to a lokacin da yake tunanin da yawa shi ne za a dinga ganin mai taɓin hakali yana yin wasu abubuwa kafin abu ya rikice masa sosai.

2.4 Faɗaɗa Ma’anar Kalmar Hauka: Ta zama ɗabi’a ga Bahaushe, ya ɗauki wata kalma ya faɗaɗa ma’anarta don yin amfani da ita a wata fuska, ko wani gurbin. Haka kuma ta zama karɓaɓɓiya. Bahaushe ya yi amfani da wannan ɗabi’a ta faɗaɗa ma’anar, a kalmar hauka. Domin da zarar ya ga wani abu bai yi masa daidai ba, ko ya saɓa hankali ko al’adarsa, sai ya ce, ai hauka ne ko kuma a aikata wani abu ya saɓa wa ɗabi’a ta yau-da-kullum, to da aikin da mai aikin duk sai ya kira su tare da dangantakarsu da hauka, sun haɗa da;

1.       Mahaukaciyar guguwa (guguwa mai ƙarfin gaske)

2.       Mahaukaciyar kasuwa (mahaukata a gabas da kasuwa)

3.       Mahaukacin alkali (alƙali mai tsauri)

4.       Mahaukacin direba (direba mai ganganci)

5.       Mahaukaciyar riga (tafkekiyar riga)

6.       Mahaukaciyar gona fankaceciyar (kare kallonka)

7.       Mahaukacin rami (wawakeken rami)

8.       Mahaukaciyar dariya (dariyar buɗe baki hagaga)

3.0 IRE-IREN HAUKA (SANADI): A bisa ɗabi’a ana cewa ba abin da zai faru babu dalili, wato dole a samu abin da ya kawo, ko ya jawo shi. Muhammad(2008:) Hausawa suna da irin wannan tunani don sun ɗauki cewa mafarin ciwon Hauka na dogara ne da wasu sanadoji da sukahaɗa da:- 1).Gado. 2). Sammu. 3). Komen sammu. 4).Ƙetara. 5). Gamo. 6). Zamani. 7). Camfi. 8). Haɗari. 9). Gigita. 10). Zafin ciwo. 11). Damuwa. 12).Ƙarya. 13). Jawowa kai.

Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina a waƙar Tijjani Dagazau ya ce:

 

Ni Dai Dana Sanshi Na Gane

Nasan Haukan Na gado Ne

 

Ni Dai Dana Sanshi Na Gane

Nasan Haukan Nag Ado Ne

 

Ashe Watakil Ga Uwarshi Yag gada

Ashe Watakil Ga Uwarshi Yag gada

 

Idan Kaga Hauka Yaƙiwarkewa

 Watakil Ga Uwarshi Yag gada

 

Idan Kaga Hauka Yaƙi warkewa

 Watakil Ga Uwarshi Yag gada

 

Ashe Hauka Na Uwa abin ƙine

Ashe Haukan Nono abin ƙi ne

 

Ai Ta Dawa’i Baya Warkewa

Ai Ta Dawa’i Baya Warkewa

 

 FRCN Kaduna 2001

Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo a waƙar Ali Baba yace:

Ance Wane Baka Shaye-Shaye

To Amma Yana Halin Mashaya

 

Yasha arsidi Yayi Geji

 Munka Game Yan Ta ƙyafce-ƙyafce

Munga Yana Ta Birkitar Idanu.

 ( KSMC Kaduna 2012)

Alhaji Muhammad Bawa Ɗan anahe Gandi Kai maza suka tsoro ya ce:

Bai soja bai ɗan sanda

bay a aikin sarki

ya kama jiran odoji

Lallai wane mahaukaci ne.

 ( FRCN Kaduna 2012)

4.0 Kashe-Kashen Hauka (ɗabi’ar Mahaukaci)

Taɓin hankali suna ya tara, ko da yake dai sunan ɗaya ne wato hauka, akwai bambance-bambance. Kamar yadda sanadinsa ya ke daban-daban, inda akan samu saɓani ta fuskar yadda ciwon ya samu mutum, da muhalli, ko lokacin da ya same shi. Bahaushe ya yi ƙoƙarin rarrabe bambancin dake tsakanin mahaukata. Wannan kuma ya danganta ne da rarrabe ɗabi'unsu. Bahaushe ya raba hauka ta fuskar ɗabi’ar mahaukaci, kamar;1. Haukar Dariya. 2. Haukar kuka. 3. Haukar kurum/kawaici. 4. Haukar sambatu. 5. Haukar ƙarfi 6. Haukar yawo. 7. Haukar hagaga. 8. Haukar motsuwa. 9. Haukar din-din-din. 10. Haukar ƙarya

5.0 Haukar Cikin Riga

Alhaji Mamman Shata a waƙar Tijjani Dagazau ya ce:

 

wani na hauka a cikin riga

danginai sun gaza ganewa

 

wani na hauka a cikin sace

danginai sun gaza ganewa

 

ni dai dana sanshi na gane

nasan haukan nag ado ne

 

ni dai dana sanshi na gane

nasan haukan nag ado ne

 

An faɗaɗa ma’anar Kalmar hauka, a inda ya yi amfani da wannan hanyar ta danganta wasu halaye na wasu na’u’in mutane tare da sakaya sunan hauka ko jingina ta gare su, ko ga ɗabi’unsu waɗanda aka san su. Don haka, al’ada ta keɓe wasu mutane tare da kallansu a matsayin masu tauyayyen hankali, wato dai al’ada ta raina hankalinsu, saboda wani hali ko matsayi da suke ciki. waɗannan mutane kuwa sun haɗa da: 1. Wautar Ƙuruciya 2. Ruɗun tsufa 3. Raunin hankalin mace. 4. Raunin hankalin bakauye 5. Raunin hankalin kurma 6. Mai shan rake. 7. Mai jima’i. 8. Dogon mutum 9. Mai ido ɗaya. 10. Mai ƙaramin kai 11. Ɗanbori. 12.Wawa. 13. Ɗan tauri.14. Mai Jin kashi.

5.1 Wautar Ƙuruciya: wadda yara ke yi tun suna ƙanana da sunan haukarƙuruciya. Bahaushe ya kasa rayuwar zuwa kashi biyu (2) wato ƙuruciya, da kuma tashen balaga. A bisa wannan tunani ne yasa a mafi yawan lokaci idan yaro ya aikata wauta ko ganganci, Bahaushe kan kawar da kai, sai ya ce; ai bashi da hankali ko a ce ai yaro mahaukaci ne, in ya girma zai bari ne, ko haukar balaga mai kamar a bi uwa. Ba-ka-toshi (1990)“yara maza ana haihuwarsu ne ba tare da hankali ba. Sai dai suna girma ne hankalin na ƙaruwa, wannan yasa yara maza sun fi ƙiriniya da ɗaukar magana,da sauransu. Yara mata akan haife su da hankalinsu sai dai suna girma ne hankalinsu yana raguwa, yara mata sun fi yara maza jin magana, da natsuwa,da biyaya, da kunya sai dai kuma tana girma hankalin na raguwa, ya kafa hujja kamar haka:

1.      Idan ‘ya mace ta girma ta yi aure to duk ranar da ta zo gidansu sai ta cire zaninta ta ajiye ta ɗauki na mahaifiyarta ta ɗaura wanda zai yi wuya da namiji ya yi haka wajan mahaifinsa.

2.      ‘Ya mace za a same ta tana kwantar da hankalin mahaifinta tare da bashi haƙuri bisa ɓacin ran da mahaifiyarta take sanya shi.

3.      ‘Ya mace komai girmanta sai ka iske namiji ƙarami na yi mata faɗa ko da ɗanta ko ƙaninta.

4.       ‘Ya mace ko da ta yanke shawara kan al’amari sai ɗa namiji ya sa hannu jama’a kan amince.

5.2 RuɗunTsufa: halin da tsofaffi kan shiga a ƙarshan rayuwa a dalilin yawan shekaru a matsayin raunin hankali ko da yake ba a kira halin da sunan hauka ba, sai dai suna da dangantaka. Akan haka ne yasa Bahaushe ke ganin tsoho kamar yaro, sai da lallaɓa a rabu lafiya, haka kuma shi ya ƙara ƙarfafa wasan jika da kaka, ta inda jikoki kan riƙa tsokanan kakanninsu da barkwancin da na auna hankali. Saulawa (2000) Bayan yawan shekaru dakan jawo wa tsofafi ruɗewa raunin hankali da na tunani akwai wasu dalilai kamar :Mutuwar wani na kusa, kamar ɗa,ko miji ko mata ko aboki.Sauyin rayuwa, kamar rashin aiki ko rashin haihuwa ko karayar arziki ko talauci da jahilci. Rashin gata ko kulawa ko samun hutu da ƙoshi.

Abin damuwa shi ne shigar tsufa da wuri kan naƙasa aikin ƙwaƙwalwa da rassanta ke yi wajen danne wasu abubuwa kamar yawan faɗa, za a ga sun cika faɗa da rikici.

5.3 Raunin Hankalin Mace: Al’ada na kallon mace a matsayin mai raunin hankali kamar yadda jikinta yake da rauni to hankalinta da tunaninta. Wannan tunani da Bahaushe ke da shi yasa ya raina mace, don haka ne dai dai da shawara bai yi da ita, sau da yawa akan ce:Wa zai biye ma maganar mace. Ai mata mahaukata ne. Ka da ka yi mana maganar mata.

5.4 Baƙauye: Mutumin dake zaune a ƙauye, ƙauye wani ɗan rukunin gidaje da ba su da yawa kuma suna da nisa tsakaninsu da gari, wani ƙauyen ana samunsa a tsakiyar jeji wani kuma kusa da gonaki waɗanda mafi yawa sukan fara daga gidan gona. Bisa dalilin ƙarancin jama’a da kuma nesa da gari da rashin hulɗa da wasu al’ummomi, yasa Bahaushe ke kallon duk abin da Baƙauye ya yi ake cewa ƙauyanci, shi ƙauyanci a zahiri na nufin wauta a kan haka ne Bahaushe ke amfani da ƙauyanci a wajen sakayakalmar hauka. Raunin hankalin Baƙauye a fili yake, wasu halaye da Baƙauye kan yi a al’adance ana ɗaukarsu a hauka shi ya haifar da ƙyamar ƙauyanci. Bala (1998) Baƙauye na ƙauyatu ƙanin hauka. Baƙauye ka fi mahaukaci ban haushi.

Salihu Jan Kiɗi Gusau a waƙar Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III yana cewa:

 Kusan Baƙauye Ba kunya garai ba,

 Babu lissafi wauta garai,

 Har tasa a yi mai girman damo.

Shi kuwa Alhaji Abubakar Ladan Zariya sai yace da Baƙauye:

A Ƙasa duka kan ba tarbiya

Ba ci gaba sai a tsaya baya

Sai girmankai kaya kaya

Da ƙwafa da rashin tuna can baya

Ɗan ƙauye ya shiga alkarya

Ga riga na ɗiban haki

Ga kantar dauɗa ba wanki

Sai ya hango mai alkaki

Gagan sai ya ji yana haki.

Ladan A.A. (1986:23)

Shi kuwa Maikuɗi Ɗanduna mai kuntigi, sai yace da Baƙauye

In ban da Baƙauye wa zai sayar da kaza.

Ya sayo maka kan akuya,

Ya ce maka marmari yake yi,

Baƙauye ne sayar da rogo,

Ɗanye a kasuwa,

Sai ya sayo dafaffe ya hawo,

Jiki a kan hanya yana ci,

5.5 Dogon Mutum: Al’ada na kallon dogon mutum a matsayin mara cikakken hankali. Wannan kuwa ya faru ne, dangane da yadda al’ada take ɗaukar yana da wauta kuma ga gauƙa a kan wasuabubuwa, misali akan ce:Dogo hankalinka a ƙwauri, Dogo da hankali katari ne, Da wuya dogo ya samu natsuwa, in ka yi gardama ka dubi raƙumi. Hankali ga dogo sa’a.

 Alhaji Mamman Shata a waƙar Amadun Gaya yana cewa:

Da wuya dogo ya samu natsuwa,

In kayi gardama ka dubi raƙumi

5.6 Kurma: Ana ɗaukar kurma a matsayin wanda ba shi da cikakken hankali, saboda wauta da kuma rashin sanin abin da yake yi. Bahaushe na ganin kurma naƙasar rashin ji na bayar da gaggarumar gudunmawa a game da ƙaranci hankali. Misalin wasu karin maganganu da Bahaushe ke yi kamar haka: i. Kurma Na dakama mazonka hoge. ii. Kurma mahaukaci a cikin riga sai an taɓa ake ganewa. iii. Faɗan kurma ba ya ƙarewa, da an gamu sai ya koma sabo.

5.7 Mai shan rake: An ɗauki mai shan rake a matsayin wanda ba shi da cikakken hankali, ko bai san abin da yake yi ba, a lokacin da yake shan rake. Bisa dogaro da matsayin da al’ada ta ɗauka. A al’ada akwai wasu abubuwa da ba a yarda mai shan rake ya yi ba, balle kuma har ya shugabata,kamar : Bayar da shaida na shari’a ko wani al’amari. Yanke hukunci a kan kome ne ne. Ba a bar masa ajiyar wani abu. Ba a tambayar sa komai. Komai ya yi sai a ce santi ne, ko aiki ko labari.

 5.8 Mai yin jima’i a lokacin da yake yi: Al’ada na kallon wanda yake yin jima’i bai san abin da yake yi ba, don yakan fita hayyacinsa, zai iya yin komai,bai kunyar tsiraici. Akwai wata kyauta ta fitar hankali ko wadda ta saɓawa tunani, wadda mutum ke yi wa matarsa, da ake kira kyautar dare, da zarar an ji haka to an gane, kuma an san lokacin da aka yi kyautar, har ma wata ba’a ake yi na cewa haba kamar wanda ya faɗo daga gado? Duk wani magidanci ya gane, a wani lokaci ma har dangin miji kan tayar da kyautar. Halin da wanda sha’awa ta taso masa ko mai son yin jima’i ke shiga, shi ke haifar da fyaɗe ko maɗigo ko luɗu, ko kwartanci ko shige ko, kuma a faɗawa dabba ko mahaukaciya. Akwai masu faɗawa gawar mace don su taketa, hauka ta tabbata. Aliyu(2005)Sha‘awa da fushi suna shafar imani cikin ɗan ƙanƙanin Lokaci. Mutum yana iya faɗawa cikin aikata wani abu Mummuna, amma kuma daga baya, bayan ya aikata sai ya Koma ya yi nadama. Saulawa (2000) Mafi yawancin matsalolin shimfiɗa a cikin mata, na samun asali ne daga hani ko kunya da aka san mace da su,

 5.9 Mai Ido Ɗaya: Mutum ne mai sauri fushi, ko mafaɗaci, shi yasa ake karin magana cewa: Mai ido ɗaya ƙyallin masifa. Bisa la’akari da matsayin da al’ada ta ɗauka, shi yasa ba shiri tsakaninsa da yara. Don ƙarancin haƙuri, abin da yara ke so ke nan, domin sun samu abin tsokana, kamar yadda suke tsokanar mahaukaci ko wawa. Bunza(2006)Mai ido ɗaya idan haka nan aka haife shi da ita, al’ada ta zarge shi da rashin cikakken hankali. Hausawa na cewa kamar yadda ganinsa yake ba cikakken ba to haka nan hankalinsa ba cikakke ba ne, yadda duk yake kallon abubuwa a karkace a gefe ɗaya haka nan hankalinsa yake. Masana al’ada sun ƙara da cewa a riƙa yi masa uziri musamman ranar laraba wasu su ce ranar alhamis. Mai dubin gora (mai harara garke) hankalinsa ɗaya da mai ido ɗaya ga al’ada.

Alhaji Sani Aliyu Ɗandawo a waƙar Sarkin Nasarawa yak e cewa:

Naga idanunai sun barkace

Nasan bashi da sauran hankali.

 

5.10 Mai Ƙaramin kai: Ana kallon sa mai raunin hankali, kamar yadda al’ada ta ɗauke shi. A zahiri dai kansa bai kai na sauran mutane ba. Bisa ga al’ada, mai ƙarami kai kan yi tarayya da wawa ko mahaukaci ta fuskoki da yawa, kamar idan ya yi wauta ko wani aiki, duk sai a ce lura da yadda yake, akan ce: Mai ƙaramin akwai giggiwa. Bunza(2006).idan kai ya zama ƙarami ƙwarai yakan shafi hankalin mai shi, ko da yaushe mai ƙaramin kai ba ya da cikakken hankali, idan wani na da ɗa mai ƙaramin kai akan jawo hankalinsa da cewa baka ganin ɗan kai gareshi?

Alhaji Musa Ɗankwairo Maradun a waƙar Sani Bello yana cewa:

Abin ga da ban mamaki ne,

Wai shi mahaukaci,

Wai bai gane mahaukaci ne ba,

Ya fito yana ta zage-zage.

Nace baka ɗauki dabara ba,

Dabarar rashin dabara ce.

 5.11 Ɗan bori: Wani mutum ne, wanda ba cikakke ba. Wannan kuwa ya samo asali ne daga yadda al’ada ke kallonsa; don kuwa ɗan bori na hulɗa da iskoki, a kowanne lokaci yana iya birkicewa ya fita hayyacinsa. Don haka, yana iya aikata wasu abubuwa ba tare da ya sani ba. Wannan ya sa ake ɗaukarsa mara hankali, Bahaushe na danganta ɗan bori da hauka. Don mahaukaci nada iskoki, shi ma ɗanbori haka, akwai wasu halaye da yake tarayya damahaukaci, kamar rashin natsuwa, da saurin tsorata da shiririta da sauransu. Bahaushe na kallon wanda aka yi wa girka a matsayin sama-sama to balle kuma shi kansa ɗanbori (wanda shi ke yin girkan). Akan kiran ɗanbori da sunaye kamar : Gyaran garaya, Wajila. Haccin! (Alamar motsin rai).Girin-girin-girin.Har. As. Cas kurege.

5.12 Wawa: Mai ƙarancin wayo da rashin hankali,amma ko da yake an faɗi rashin hankali ba yana nufin mahaukaci ba ne a haƙiƙa, sai dai a ma’ana.Duk inda dolo yake Bahaushe na ɗaukarsa haka-haka, iyakar abin da zai ɗauke shi mahaukaci ne kurum, ko da yake halayyarsa kan iya zama ta mahaukaci ba hauka yake yi ba halayensa ne da zai ta nunawa ta yaranta ce wadda ke ƙasa da shekarunsa. Saulawa (2000) wawa ba mahaukaci ba ne sai dai kawai tarayyarsa da wasu halayen wauta da rshin sanin ya kamata, su suke sanya masa farin jini a wajen jama’a, misali akan ce:Wawa kowa na sonka, amma ba mai son ya haifi kamarka.Wawa ba mahaukaci ba ne in yana ci kasuwa gida (shika) kwana.Ko wawa ya san nashi.Sauna kira mana sha-sha-sha in kaga sakarai ku taho tare. Da babu wawa, gara (gwamma) da wawa.

Alhaji Mamman Shata Katsina a waƙar Tijjani Dagazau yace:

 

Wai wannan wawan ina zaya

Fangan fangan cikin taro

Ho ɗan nema mara lura

 

Tsaya wannan wawan ina zaya

Fangan fangan cikin taro

Ji muane nata zunɗenai

ho ɗan nema mara lura.

Alhaji Sa’idu Faru a waƙarsa ta Mahammadu Macciɗo yana cewa:

Wawa bai san gatse ba,

Don an ce za’a bashi Sarki,

Har gama da tuntuɓe,

Yayi gincirai nai,

wai jiran uba yakai.

5.13 ’YAN TAURI: Ana kallonsu marasa hankali, wannan bai rasa dogaro da matsayi da al’ada ta ɗauka na cewa ‘yantauri suna da raunin hankali don haka ake dangantasu da hauka. Bahaushe na hasashen cewa wasu abubuwa na yin tasiri a kan ‘yantauri ko mafarauta.Shan jiƙe-jiƙen sauyoyi ko saƙe-saƙi da ganyaye don neman tsarin jiki, sukan yi tasiri a jikinsu. Irin waɗannan sauyoyi kamar sauyar (itace) hankufa, da ƙaimin ƙadangare, sukan sanya rashin haƙuri da saurin fushi da kaushin halaye, da muggan kalamai a bakinsu.

Waƙar Hamisu sarkin kiɗa Kano, wacce ya yiwa Sabo wakilin Tauri inda y ace:

Mahaukaci na Tankon Gwamma,

Ba ka rasa garken magani,

Baƙin ciki na Iya baba mahaukaci na Iya baba.

 5.14 Mutum Mai Jin Kashi: Bahaushe nayi wa mutumin da yake jin kashi wato wanda kashi ya matsawa a matsayinba shi da hankali. Da farko ba ya jin kunyar tsiraici, bai damu ko wane ne a kusa da shi zai iya tuɓe suturarsa ya yi kashin. Sai bayan ya gama zai ji kunyar saboda hankalinsa ya dawo jikinsa.

6.0 Abokan Mahaukaci: Akwai wasu nau’in mutane da suke abokai kuma aminai na hannun dama ga mahaukaci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: yaro, da tsoho, da mace. Dalili kuwa tsini ne ya haɗu da tsini, saboda sun yi tarayya a wasu halaye kamar haka: ƙorafi, da mita, da raunin hankali,

7.0 Mutane Uku Maƙwabtan Mahaukaci: Akwai wasu nau’in mutane da suke maƙwabtaka da mahaukaci. Waɗannan mutane uku da sukan aikata aikin mahaukaci, amma saboda tsabta da gata gami da matsayin da suke da shi a cikin jama’a ke hanawa a gane mahaukata ne. Mutanen kuwa su ne: Sarki ko Shugaba, sai maikuɗi, sai malami. Idan Sarki ya rinƙa kama karya bai jin shawara, bai ragawa kowa, sai a ce wai giyar mulki na ɗibarsa. Mai kuɗi idan ya fara auri saki ko sayaya ta garagri, ko kyautar fitar hankali sai ace giyar kuɗi na zuga wane. Malami kuma in ya fara cewa bashi da malami, ko yafi kowa ilmi, ya saɓawa kowa a wajen fatawa shi ma sai ace ilmi na ɗibar malam wane. Duk sun haukace amma an sakaya.

8.0 Haukar Wucin –Gadi:Bayan waɗannan kuma akwai wasu abubuwa ko yanayi guda huɗu waɗanda mutum kan tsinci kanshi a ciki da sukan sanya lafiyayyen mutum yin haukar wucin gadi, wato ta gajere ko taƙaitaccen lokaci, sai sun gushe ya yi mamakin abin da ya aikata, su ne kamar haka: Yanayin fushi, da Yanayin tsoro, da Tasowar sha’awa, da zaƙuwar yi ko samun wani abu.

8.1 Haukar Sayarwa (Ta shye-shaye): A nan na kira ta haukar sayarwa ce, a bisa dalilin cewa mutum da kanshi zai tafi wurin da ake sayar da kayan sa maye (ƙwayoyi da dangoginsu), yasa kuɗi ya saya ya shay a yi maye. Shaye-shaye kalmar jam’i ce ta kalmar sha wadda ke nufin mutum ya sanya wani mai ruwa-ruwa a baki da haɗiye shi zuwa cikinsa ko yake Bahaushe ya faɗaɗa ma’anar kalmar kamar haka: ko a ce mutum ya shaƙi wani abu ta hanci ko ta baki matuƙar dai ya sanya shi yin maye sai a ce yasha ko yana shaye shaye. Wannan ya samo asali ne daga shan giya da mashaya key i, har ya zuwa shan miyagun ƙwayoyi. Bahaushe na kallon duk wani abu da za a sha ko a ci ko a shaƙa don ya gusar da hankali wanda zai sa shi maye a matsayin barasa. A Ƙasar Hausa a zamanin da kafin Turawa, Bahaushe bai san wasu abubuwa shaye-shaye na maye kamar ƙwayoyi ba, sai zaƙami, banju, giya (fito ko duma ko bammi).

 Zamani mai juyi! kwatsam bayan da Turawa suka zo da nasu kayan shaye-shaye na maye iri-iri, akwai wasu abubuwa da yawa. Don kuwa ban da giya akwai ƙwayoyi da ganyayen wiwi da hodar ibilis (koken) da ta heroyin ko da yake su. Akwai kodin wanda yake maganin tari ne, amma matasa suka mayar da shi na maye, haka kuma matasa sun ƙwaƙulo ta shaƙawa wato shalasha, ko da yake dai ba don maye Bature ya yi ta ba, sai domin yin liƙin tayar keken hawa, amma sai Bahaushe yake yin amfani da shi don yin maye.

9.0 Tausayawa Mahaukaci: A al’adance Bahaushe baya Ambaton sunan mahukaci ko mahaukaciya kai tsaye. Duk mutumin dake fama da ciwon, al’adar Bahaushe ta shimfiɗa sharaɗi don ladaftarwa,ba za’a ambaci sunansa da mahukaci ba, sai a ce mara lafiya, ko mai larura, don nuna damuwa da tausayawa. Idan ana magana da mara lafiya, ko kuma danginsa, game da abin da ya faru, an so a kiyaye tare da gujewa faɗin sunan ciwon kai tsaye, sai dai mutum ya sakaya.

10.0 Al’ada Ta Kawar Da Kai Ga Wasu Ayyuka Da Mahaukaci Ya Yi:

Tsiraicin mahaukaci, da na yaro, da na tsoho.

Ɓarnar Mahaukaci.

Maganganun Mahaukaci. (sambatu)

11. 0. Abubuwan Da Mahaukaci Baya So

Akwai wasu abubuwa da suka dace a lura da su game da mahaukaci ko da kuwa ya warke ko kuma yana cikin larurar taɓin hankalin.

Yana cikin Larura: Ya kamata a kiyaye da mai taɓin hankali a wajen mu'amalla da shi musamman idan yana cikin larurar ciwon kamar haka:

a. Kada a kira shi da laƙabin mahaukaci

b. Kada a raina masa hankali

c. A guji yi masa tsawa

d. A guji ƙaryata shi duk lokacin da yake magana, amma za a iya yi masa gyaran zancen cikin hikima.

e. A guji kallonsa ana yi masa dariya

f. A rage wasannin raha da shi

g. Kada a riƙa ƙyamatarsa

h. Kada a riƙa barinsa da yunwa

i. A riƙa amsa tambayoyinsa idan ya yi da lura

j. A shiga tsakaninsa da yara

k. A nisance shi idan yana cikin fushi

Ya warke: Bayan wannan kuma, idan ya warke daga cutar, sai a riƙa kiyayewa da waɗannan maganganu tare da shi:

1. Kada a tuna masa yayi ciwon taɓin hankali ko wani abu da ya yi a lokacin ciwon

2. Kada a riƙa yi masa dariya in ya yi magana

3. A nisanci yin gardandama da shi

4. kada a riƙa ƙyamatarsa

5. A riƙa sakar masa fuska

6. A nisanci abubuwan da baya so

7. A riƙa lura da mu'amalarsa da yara

8. A riƙa kulawa da abincinsa, da tufafinsa, da muhallinsa

9. A nisanci yawan masa tambayoyi

11.0 Amfanin Mahaukaci Ga Al’umma

1.      Wa’azi ne ga mai hankali

2.      Sanin muhimmancin lafiya

3.      Sanya nishaɗi saboda tsokana ga yara, zolaya ga manya.

4.      Faɗar gaskiya

5.      Ɗaukar laifi

12.0 Hanyoyin Warkar Da Cutar Hauka A Gargajiyance

Wannan sashi zai ƙunshi hanyoyin da Bahaushe kan bi wajen warkar da cutar hauka a gargajiyance. Wannan kuwa ya shafi tun daga matakin farko da Bahaushe kan ɗauka da zarar an fahimci cewar wani ya kamu da cutar. Wannan mataki kuwa, shi ne tsarewa har ya zuwa sallama wanda kuma al’adar Bahaushe ta yarda da haka. Wannan kuwa ya shafi dangin maras lafiyar da kuma masu ba da magunguna ciwon hauka na gargajiya akan yarda da tare da amfani da tsarewa a matsayin dabarar magance ciwon. Tsarewa, da Turu, da Mari, da Duka, da Magana, da girka.

13.0 Dangantakar Mahaukaci, Da Wasu Abubuwa Da Wurare, Da Jama'a

Bahaushe a al'adance ya yi imani cewa, lallai ne akwai wata dangantaka ta sarari ko ta ɓoye, tsakanin ciwon hauka da wasu nau'o'in mutane ko wasu abubuwa ko wasu muhallai (wurare). Wannan shi ya haifar da alaƙa da ake samu takan gudana tsakanin mahaukaci da waɗannan abubuwan. Bisa wannan dalili ne ya sa babu yadda za a yi a raba mahaukaci ko mahaukaciya da zuwa, ko zama, ko mu'amulla da su. waɗannan abubuwa suna yawan gaske, amma zamu duba guda goma daga cikinsu kamar haka:

1. Dangantakar mahaukaci da jama'a. 2. Dangantakar mahaukaci da mata

3. Dangantakar mahaukaci da yara. 4. Dangantakar mahaukaci da abinci

5. Dangantakar mahaukaci da juji. 6. Dangantakar malhaukaci da kasuwa

7. Dangantakar mahaukaci da marabar hanya. 8. Dangantakar mahaukaci da wasu bishiyoyi

9. Dangantakar mahaukaci da tsumma 10. Dangantakar mahaukaci da tsiraici.

14.0 Tasirin Yanayi Ga Ciwon Hauka

A al'dance, Bahaushe ya yarda kuma ya yi amanna da tasiri da wasu lokuta ko yanayi kan yi akan tashi ko samuwar ko daɗuwar ciwon hauka ga wasu mutanc. Ƙasar Hausa na da yanayi ko lokuta masu juyawa ko sauyawa guda huɗu kamar haka:1. Rani. 2. Bazara. 3. Damina. 4. Kaka

Kamar yadda al'adar Bahaushe take, ba ta bar komai ba game da amfani da shi, ko camfa shi, akan cewa yana da tasiri ko ta wace hanya ce kuwa. Haka su ma waɗannan lokatai ko yanayi na shekara, Bahaushe bai bar su haka ba. Sai da ya maƙala wasu abubuwa game da su,

14.1. Lokacin Rani: Wannan wani yanayi ne na shekara wanda ba a ruwa sai dai tsabar zafin rana. Bahaushe ya yi imani da cewa, in rana ta yi tsaka, wvatau ana gamuwa da Iskoki (aljannu). Don haka, aka camfa yin wasu ayyuka da rani don gudun samun ciwon hauka.

14. 2. Lokacin Bazara: Shi wannan lokaci na Bazara, shi ne ƙarshen lokacin rani. Ana samun wannan lokaci tun daga ƙarshen rani, har zuwa kusa da lokacin da damina za ta sauka (faɗi). Bayan wannan kuma, a wannan lokaci ne ake samun tashin iskar guguwa. Bahaushe kuwa ya camfa lokacin da ake yin guguwa da kuma ita kanta guguwar. An camfă cewar, guguwa Iska ce mai alaƙa da aljannu, don haka in ta taso tana iya sanya mutum ya haukace. In dai wani ya ratsa ta ko dai ya kamu da sabuwar hauka ko kuma tsohon ciwon hauka ya tashi.

14. 3. Lokacin Damina: shi kuma yanayi ne na shekara, wanda ake samun ruwan sama, kuma ake aikin gona, watau noma. Kusan an yi sa'a ba a cika samun wani camfi ba a yanayin damuna, sai dai ɗan abin da ba a rasa ba. Amma dai ciwon hauka bai cika tashi ba da damuna, sai 'yan kaɗan.

14. 4. Lokacin Kaka: Ita kuwa wani yanayi ne na shekara da yakan zo a ƙarshen damuna bayan ƙarewar ko ɗaukewar ruwan sama, lokacin da ake girbin kayan amfanin gona (hatsi). A wannan lokacin ne ake samun bugawar iskar hunturu, watau lokacin sanyin hunturu tare da buji ko hazo. Wannan lokaci ne Bahaushe ya camfa shi fiye da kowanne, saboda Bahaushe ya yarda da cewar iskar kaka tafi tayar da iskoki (aljannu). Bisa al'ada, idan kaka ta yi, da zaran an ga mutum na yin wasu ɗabi'u da ba a saba da shi ba, sai a ce; 'ya ya ka ke yin abu kamar bugun Iska! ko a ce "Iska ta buga' ko Iskar kaka ta buga' da dai sauransu.

15.0 Kammalawa:

A ƙarshe wannan nazari ya yi ƙoƙarin binciko da kawo yadda lamarin ciwon hauka da kuma yadda Bahaushe ke kallon ciwon tare da dogaro da matsayin da al'adarsa ta ɗauka. Haƙiƙa tasirin da al'ada ta yi a rayuwar Bahaushe gaba ɗaya ba ƙarami ba ne. An hararo, wasu bayanai daga masana magabata waɗanda suka shafi ciwon hauka da ma’anarta, da faɗaɗa ma’anar, sannan da ire-iren hauka ta fuskar sanadi, da kashe-kashen ciwon hauka ta fuskar ɗabi’ar mahaukaci, hauka a idan masana al’ada, da mafarin cutar, da alamominta. Wannan nazari ya kalli ɗabi’un wasu nau’o’in mutane da suke abokai, ko aminai, a inda binciken ya haɗa da maƙwabtan mahaukaci ta fuskar halaye. Haka kuma, binciken ya gano cewa, akwai wasu abubuwa da mahaukaci ba ya so a aikata masa, sannan da wasu kuma abubuwan lura game da harka da mahaukaci. Binciken ya ɗan hararo wasu dabaru ko hanyoyin neman waraka daga ciwon. Wannan Takardar ta nazarci halayen wasu mutane da suke aikata wasu ayyuka waɗanda suka saɓa da lafiyayyen tunani. Binciken ya gano ashe Bahaushe na da wani tunani da ya danganta wasu mutane da hauka, duk da yake ba mahaukatan ba ne. Ya yi wannan ne bisa la’akari da mu’amullarsu na zamantakewa da sauran jama’a.

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