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Ra'o'in Asalin Samuwar Harsuna Da Bambancin Yare a Duniya (Bow-Bow, Pooh-Pooh, Ding-Dong, Hasumayar Babila, Ajiyar Allah)

Ma’anar Harshe

Harshe na nufin yare da ake amfani da shi wajen sadarwa tsakanin al'umma, wanda ya ƙunshi fitar da sautin kalmomi a bayyane ko a rubuce. Harshe faffaɗan al’amari ne da ya ƙunshi sautuka da kalmomi da jimloli da ake amfani da su cikin hanyoyi da sigogi na musamman da suka shafi ƙa’idojin amfani da harshe domin sadarwa a magance ko a rubuce.

Masanan irin su Farfesa Greg Downey da ke da ilimin kimiyyar harshe da tarihin wanzuwar ɗan’adam a duniya da yadda ya kasance yana rayuwa tun fil-azal, sun gamsu da cewa har yanzu ba a san takamaimen dalilin soma maganar ɗan’adam ba musamman duba da ‘yan uwansa na kusa a ƙwayoyin halittu irin su birrai da gwaggwonin sa waɗanda suke ɗauke da kusan duk abinda ɗan’adam yake dashi na halitta, amma su ba sa iya magana. 

Don haka bincike ya yanke cewar wasu ɓangarori da aka gani a ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan’adam waɗanda duk da cewa akwai shigen su a ƙwaƙwalwar gwaggon biri, amma sun fi haɓaka a na ɗan’adam, ke da alhakin baiwa ɗan’adam wayewar furta magana da amfani da harshe, waɗannan ɓangarorin sune 'Brocas area, da 'wernick area'.

Fara Yare a Duniya

Hasashe dai na ilimi ya nuna cewa an soma amfani da harshe kimanin sama da shekaru 150,000 da suka gabata. Haka kuma binciken adadin harsuna da masana suka yi yana nuni da cewa yarukan da ake amfani da su a duniya sun kai kimanin 6000, sai dai binciken wasun su na nuni da samuwar su a wasu shekaru ƙasa da lokacin da aka ƙiyasta soma yare a duniya.

Zantukan da aka rinƙa samu a jikin kogunan duwatsu ya ƙara zama hujjar cewar harsuna da yawa sun samo asali ne daga tsatso ɗaya, watau harshe ɗaya.

Asalin Samuwar Harshe a Duniya

Harshe ya soma ne a wannan duniyar kamar yadda aka faɗa tun da farko kimanin shekaru 150,000 da suka gabata yayin da halittun zamanin suka haɓaka wata wayewa ta soma amfani da shi (harshe) wajen sadarwa a tsakanin su. Amma sanin asalin harshen da aka soma amfani da shi a wancan zamanin abu ne da har yanzu masana ke bincike akai, wasu ma na ganin ba abu ne mai yiwuwa da za a iya samu ba.

Ra’o’in Samuwar Dukkannin Harsuna a Duniya

Masana da yawa na cewar asalin dukkan harsuna sun samo ne daga guda ɗaya tilo, sannu a hankali suka rinƙa rarrabuwa. To amma da yake da akwai ra'ayin masana daban-daban akan haka, zai fi kyau mu ji wasu daga ciki kamar yadda ya zo a littafin 'Sabuwar Hanyar Nazarin Hausa' wanda Rabiu Zarruk, Abubakar Kafin Hausa da Bello S Alhassan suka wallafa a shekarar 1990:

1. Ra'in Bow-Wow

Dangane da labarin da ake kira Ra'in Bow-Bow, kalmomin da muke amfani da su a harsunanmu na yau, sun faro daga sauti ne irin na halitta. Wai lokacin da Ɗan’adam ya fara magana, yana ƙóƙarin misalta sauti ne na dabbobi da tsuntsaye da sauran halittu. Saboda haka, in mutum ya ga wani abu yakan yi magana ne, bayan ya riya wani sauti a zuciyarsa. Sautin da yakan riya kuwa, shi ne kamar kukan wani tsuntsu, ko motsin wata dabba in tana tafiya, ko tana gudu, ko motsin ganye yayin da ake guguwar iska, ko wanin waɗannan. Wai haka ne abubuwa suka sami sunayensu a kowane harshe.

2. Ra'in Pooh-Pooh

Ra'in Pooh-Pooh shigen na bow-wow ne. Shi yana cewa, duk kalmomi mafarinsu razana ce ko mamaki. Larurar magana ce take kama Dan Adam yayin da wani abu ya razana shi ko ya ba shi mamaki. A lokacin nan, duk abin da ya fito daga bakinsa ya zama sunan wani abu. Saboda haka, a wannan ra'in kalmomin motsin rai, kamar a'aha! assha! haba! kash! tir! wai! wayyo! yawwa! da sauransu, su suka fi kowanne tsufa a harshe.

3. Ra'in Ding-Dong

A wannan ra'in, kwatancen kamannin abubuwa ko motsinsu shi ne asalin kalmomi a harshe. Watau da farko Dan Adam ya yi ƙoƙarin samun laƙabin abubuwa ne dangane da kamanninsu ko motsinsu. Saboda haka a nan, amsa-kama su ne kalmomin farko a harshe.

4Ra’in Hasumayar Babila

A wannan labarin cewa aka yi, can asali, duk ‘yan’adam harshensu ɗaya ne. Jikokin Annabi Nuhu sun gaji duniya bayan Ruwan Ɗufana. Sun yaɗu ƙabila-ƙabila, amma a sannan harshensu ɗaya ne. Daga baya, wasu 'masu taurin kai a cikinsu suka yi tunanin gina babban gari mai suna Babila. Bayan sun gina garin sai kuma suka ga cewa za su iya gina hasumayar da za ta kai su sama. Da hasumayar ta yi nisa sai ta rushe. Shi ke nan, duk wanda ya faɗɗo daga hasumayar dą wanda ke cikin garin sai bakinsa ya juye. Daga nan ne mutane suka rarrabu kowa harshensa daban.

5. Ra’in Ajiyar Allah

Ga abin da wannan labarin ke cewa: Kamar yadda Allah ya halicci zanzaro da ilimin gini, ya ba ƙudan zuma baiwar tattara zuma dága furanni, to hakanan ya ajiye wa dan Adam harshe. Dalilin wannan baiwa, duk inda mutum ya girma Sai ya tashi da harshen wurin. Saboda haka, Allah ya ajiye harsuna ne a wurare daban-daban na duniya. Saboda haka tun can farko idan al'umma ta zauna a wani wuri shi ke nan, sai ka ji tana kiran abubuwa da sunayen da aka ajiye a wannan wuri. (Asalin labarin dai shi ne kamar yadda ya zo a littafi mai tsarki Alkurani cewa, tun lokacin da aka halicci Annabi Adamu aka sanarda shi sunayen dukkan abubuwa).

Hasumiyar Babila
Hasumiyar Babila
Credit: Slate

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