Birkila/Messin A Garin Kwatarkwashi (5)

    Kundin digiri na farko wanda aka gabatar a Sashen Koyar da Harsuna da Al’adu, Tsangayar Fasaha da Ilimi, Jami’ar Tarayya, Gusau don neman digiri na farko.

    Birkila/Messin A Garin Kwatarkwashi (5)

    NA

    HIZBULLAHI ÆŠANLAMI

     

    birkila

    BABI NA HUÆŠU:

    TASIRIN SANA’AR GINI GA BUNƘASA ARZIƘIN KWATARKWASHI

    4.0 Gabatarwa

                Wannan babi zai tattauna ne akan tasirin sana’ar gini ga BunÆ™asa arziÆ™in kwatarkwashi, wanda a Æ™arÆ™ashinsa za a yi bayanin ci gaban da aka samu ta É“angaren samar da aikin yi ga matasa, da bunÆ™asar kiyo da Noma da kuma saye da sayarwa (kasuwanci) a garin kwatarkwashi.

                A gargajiyance akwai hanyoyi da yawa da Bahaushe ke bi don haÉ“aka ko kawo ci gaban arziÆ™insa. WaÉ—anda suka haÉ—a da sana’o’i tare da yanayin tsarin zamantakewarsa. Idan aka dubi wannan sai a ga cewa wasu muhimman hanyoyi ne da Bahushe ke bi don bunÆ™asa hanyoyin arziÆ™i.

                Sana’o’in gargajiyar Hausawa su ne mafi yawa da bunÆ™asa arziÆ™i da Bahaushe ke bi ya samar wa kansa abubuwan da yake buÆ™ata don gudanar da rayuwarsa ta yau da kullum.

                A bisa haka ne, sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila) ta taimaka Æ™warai da gaske a yankin garin kwatarkwashi a bisa ga tasirinta wajen bunÆ™asa arziÆ™i. Sana’ar ta yi Æ™oÆ™ari ainun wajen bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin kwatarkwashi ta hanyoyi kamar haka: -

     

     

    4.1 Samar da Aikin yi ga Matasa

                HaÆ™iÆ™a, sana’ar  gini da magini (Birkila) ta ba da gudunmuwa ta musamman wajen wanzar da ayyuka mabambanta, a dai dai lokacin da ake fama da rashin ayyukan yi, musamman ga matasan da suka kammala karatu a makarantun gaba da firamare (Primary), waÉ—anda ba su sami wucewa ba zuwa manyan makarantun gaba da sakandare. Sabod rage raÉ—aÉ—i na zugin talauci da kuma zaman kashe wando a cikin gari.

                Sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila) a garin kwatarkwashi ba ta tsaya a nan ba, har ma da waÉ—anda suka kammala karatun N.C.E, a cewar Musa ÆŠanbarno Sankalawa inda ya ba ni misali da É—ansa. Kuma ya tabbatar mini da cewa matasan da ya koya wa aikin gini a Æ™asar kotorkoshi da ma wajenta kamar irin su DamÉ“a da Gusau, to bai san adadinsu ba.

                Har ila yau, sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila) a garin kwatarkwashi ba ta tsaya a kan waÉ—ancan matasan ba a’a, har ma da marasa ilmin zamani duk sana’ar ta janyo su a jiki domin samar da aikin yi ga matasan domin rage zaman banza da bangar siyasa da shaye-shaye da sata da fizge da fyaÉ—e da kuma faÉ—a wa wasu Æ™ungiyoyin ta’addanci da sauransu.

                Tabbas, bayanai sun nuna cewa a halinm da  ake ciki a garin kwatarkwashi da wuya a sami wata sana’a ta gargajiya ko ma ta zamani da ta kwashi kason jama’a mai yawa kamar sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila). Saboda sana’ar ba ta buÆ™atar fidda wasu kuÉ—i masu  yawa wajen yinta, ba kamar irin sauran sana’o’in ba.

    4.2 Bunƙasa Kiyo a Garin Kwatarkwashi

                Kiyo/kiwo: sana’a ce ta sayen dabbobi  domin a kula  da abincinsu, lafiyarsu, a kuma ririta su domin samun naman ci da kuma biyan buÆ™atun rayuwa.

    Sana’ar kiwo/kiyo daÉ—aÉ—É—iyar sana’a ce a Æ™asar Hausa, kusan sana’ar ta na kafaÉ—a da kafaÉ—a da tsohuwar sana’ar nan ta gargajiya wato Fawa (hwawa) ko ma ta É—an girme mata.

                Kasancewar Æ™asar kwatarkwashi shimfiÉ—aÉ—É—iya ga kuma sarari da ciyayi a ko’ina ya sa kusan kowane gida ana kiwon dabbobi ko tsuntsaye. Mutanen  kwatarkwashi na tsare dabbobi da tsuntsaye a gidajensu ta hanyar ba su abinci ko kuma a kora su  zuwa daji don su sami abinci a can. Ire-iren  dabbobin da mutanen kwatarkwashi suke kiyo/kiwo sun haÉ—a da shanu, da  Tumaki da Awaki don cin namansu da kuma sayarwa. To haka su ma maginan (Birkilan) Æ™asar kwatarkwashi ba a bar su a baya ba, duk suna yin wannan sana’a domin bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin ko yankin na kwatarkwashi.

                Sannan kuma, ana sayar da fatunsu da Æ™iragansu don yin amfani da su. Ana kuma É—aukar kashin da suka yi don kai wa gona a matsayin takin da zai Æ™ara wa gona albarkar  Æ™asa.

                Bayan dabbobi, mutanen Æ™asar kwatarkwashi suna kiwon tsuntsaye irin su kaji da agwagi da zabbi don cin namansu da Æ™waya-Æ™wayinsu da kuma sayarwa. Maginan (Birkilan) ma suna a sahun gaba wajen kiwon ire-iren wÉ—annan  tsuntsayen domin bunÆ™asar arziÆ™in garin na kwatarkwashi ta hanyar kuÉ—aÉ—en da suke samu daga tasu sana’ar.

    4.3 BUNƘASA NOMA A GARIN KWATARKWASHI

                Noma hanya ce ta amfani da Æ™arfe domin a zafafa Æ™asa a gino ko tono amfaninta ta hanyar shuke-shuke tare da amfani da ruwa domin a sami tsiro na ci  da na tsotsawa da kuma wanda za a sarrafa zuwa kayan tufafi ko kayan ado.

                Noma wata daÉ—aÉ—É—iyar sana’a ce ko safara wadda Bahaushe ya fara yi a doron Æ™asa. Ana amfani da dabbobi ko Æ™arfi wajen aiwatar da ita wannan sana’a.

                Noma sana’a ce wadda Bahaushe yake bugun gaba da ita, tun daga kaka da kakanni. Domin kuwa babu gidan  Bahaushe da ba a noma. A Æ™asar Hausa a kan fahimci mutum mai arziÆ™i ne idan yana da ‘ya ‘ya  da yawa, masu taimaka masa ga yin noma a gonaki (wannan bisa ga al’ada ke nan) (Gusau, G.U.  2014).

                Hausawa kan ce “Noma na duÆ™e tsohon ciniki kowa ya zo duniya kai ya tarar”. Wannan kirari yana bayyana sana’ar Noma daÉ—aÉ—É—iya ce a wannan duniya ba wai ga Hausawa ba. Wannan ya sa idan ana maganar bunÆ™asar tattalin arziÆ™in al’ummar garin kwatarkwashi to noma ne za a fara kawowa  don kuwa shi ne Æ™ashin bayan bunÆ™asar tattalin arziÆ™in wannan gari (kwatarkwashi). Inda sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila) ta yi tasiri sosai wajen haÉ“aka da bunÆ™asar noma a garin (kwatarkwashi). Wannan ya faru ne saboda sana’a ce wadda kowa da kowa yake yi talaka da saraki, attajiri da matalauci, maza da mata, babba da yaro, don a sami abin da za a ci da kuma wanda za a sayar don yin hidimomin yau da kullum. Tasirin da birkilanci ya yi ga noma shi ne idan matasa suka sami kuÉ—i wajen gini sai su je su Æ™ara faÉ—aÉ—a noma da waÉ—annan kuÉ—i da suka samu ga aikin gini. Ta haka har noma ya bunÆ™asa a Kwatarkwashi kowa ya sami abinci da abin sayarwa/  sana’a.

                Al’ummar garin kwatarkwashi na yin noma iri biyu na ci da na sayarwa. Kayan  noma na abin  ci sun haÉ—a da gero da dawa da masara da shinkafa da sauransu, na sayarwa kuma sun haÉ—a da auduga, da gyaÉ—a da waken suya da sauransu. Haka, a É“angaren magina (Birkila) sana’ar  gini ta yi tasiri sosai, wajen noma ire-iren waÉ—annan amfanin gona domin bunÆ™asa arziÆ™i mai É—orewa a garin kwatarkwashi.

    4.4 BUNƘASA SAYE-DA-SAYARWA A GARIN KWATARKWASHI

                Saye-da-sayarwa: wata hanyar hulÉ—a ce, ta kasuwanci tsakanin jama’a.

                Saye-da-sayarwa (Kasuwanci) yana É—aya daga cikin muhimman sana’o’in garin kwatarkwashi, domin ta hanyarsa ne kusan dukkan sauran kayayyakin buÆ™atar rayuwar É—an Adam suke shiga hannun jama’a.

                Tun kafin wannan zamani al’ummar Hausawa suna da irin nasu tsari wajen tafiyar da harkokin kasuwanci su. Wannan tsari ana iya dubansa ta fuska biyu; kasuwancin cikin gida da kuma na waje. A cikin gida akwai kasuwanni na garuruwa waÉ—anda ake  tafiyar da harkokin kasuwanci ana musayar abubuwan sayarwa ne, misali Manomi ya ba masaÆ™i kayan gona don ya amshi kayan saÆ™a, ko ya ba makiyayi don ya amshi wata dabba da sauransu. An daÉ—e ana yin irin wannan tsari na cinikayya a Æ™asar Hausa har zuwa Æ™arni na goma sha takwas da aka shigo da kuÉ—in wuri da biringizau don yin saye da sayarwa a  duk faÉ—i n Afrika ta yamma (Nadama, 1977: 137-138 cikin Sallau, 2017).

                Babu shakka wannan nau’in kasuwanci na cikin gida na saye da sayarwa, al’ummar garin kwatarkwashi suna gudanar da shi, wanda hakan ya sa  sana’ar gini da magini (Birkila) ta yi tasiri matuÆ™a wajen bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin kwatarkwashi.

                Sannan kuma, hanyoyin kasuwanci suna da yawa a wajen mutanen garin kwatarkwashi, yawancinsu na saye da sayarwa ne. Kowane abin sayarwa yana da  tasa hanyar da ake bi a sayar da shi. Sai dai kasuwancin yana da wani mataki É—aya, wannan kuwa shi ne jari da mai sana’a yake  son ya mallaka kafin  ya fara kasuwanci, saboda haka  ta hanyar gini matasa sun sami jarin yin  kasuwanci ta wannan hanya.   

                A cewar Gusau, G.U. (2012) “Jari wasu kuÉ—i ne da mai niyar yin kasuwanci ko sana’a ke tarawa, domin gudanar  da kasuwancinsa ta yadda zai É—ore ta hanyar jujjuya shi”.

                HaÆ™iÆ™a, sana’ar gini ta yi tasiri sosai ga magini (Birkila) ta hnayar samun jari na gudanar da kasuwanci irin na saye da sayarwa domin Æ™ara bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin kwatarkwashi.

    4.5 NAÆŠEWA

                Wannan babi ya tattauna ne game  da  tasirin sana’ar gini ga bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin kwatarkwashi, wanda a Æ™arÆ™ashinsa aka fara bayyana gabatarwa, aka  shiga cikin bayanin muhimman abubuwan da suka yi tasiri wajen bunÆ™asa arziÆ™in garin kwatarkwashi, kamar irin su: samar da aikin yi ga matasa da bunÆ™asa kiyo da noma da kuma bunÆ™asa saye da sayarwa duk a garin  kwatarkwashi. 

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