Narambaɗa basaraken mawaƙi ne kuma Malamin waƙa. Mawaƙin Masarautar Isa ne, kuma shahararre a ƙasar Hausa. Masarautun Zamfara da yawa sun sami shiga cikin waƙoƙinsa daban-daban. A taskar waƙoƙinsa, ya taskace makaɗan masarautun, kuma ya yi ɗan sharar fage ta yadda na bayan fage zai iya ya harari matsayinsu da darajarsu. A waƙoƙin da suka taɓo Moriki, Ƙaura, Zurmi, Gusau, Tsafe, Bunguɗu, Maradun da Kwatarkwashi, akwai abubuwan tsinta da yawa ga ɗaliban nazarin Hausa. Burin wannan bincike shi ne ya ƙyallaro yadda makaɗa Narambaɗa ya rambaɗo su da yadda ya kalle su a waƙoƙinsa. Wannan bincike gabatarwa ce ga mai son ya san masarautun Zamfara da matsayinsu a daular Sakkwato.
Masarautun Zamfara A Waƙoƙin Narambaɗa
ALIYU RABI’U ƊANGULBI
GSM NO. 07032567689
E-mail: aliyurabiu83@gmail.cim
1.0 Gabatarwa
Mulkin jama’a abu ne da Allah (SAW) ke zaɓen wanda yake so ya
bai wa shi, wanda ga alamu zai iya tafiyar da jagoranci na gari. Sarauta a ƙasar Hausa abu ce da
ke da asali da muhimmanci ga zamantakewar al’ummar Hausawa tun fil’azal. Irin
wannan tsari na shugabanci ya sa al’ummar Zamfara suke bugun gaba da samun
sarakuna masu ƙwazo da kamala da jajircewa wajen tabbatar da mulkin
adalci a tsakanin al’ummarsu. Saboda haka, wannan salon mulki ya jawo hankalin
maƙaɗa Narambaɗa da sauran makaɗa daban-daban su riƙa rera waƙoƙi don kambama
sarakunan bisa ga irin salon mulkinsu. Don haka wannan takarda za ta mai da
hankali ga waoƙin sarautun Zamfara a bakin Narambaɗa dangane da
kwarjininsu ta fuskar yaƙi da ilimi, da adalci da kuma bunƙasa ko faɗaɗa masarautunsu ta
fuskoki daban-daban.
1.1 Manufar Bincike
Manufar wannan maƙala ita ce ta yi
tsokaci dangane da masarautun Zamfara da tasirinsu ga samar da tsaro da zaman
lafiya a yankin jihar Zamfara tun a lokaci mai tsawo da ya shuɗe. Za a ga irin
tasirin da waƙoƙin Narambaɗa suka yi wajen fito da kwarjini da ƙwazon da Sarakuna
suka nuna ga ɗaukaka darajar
masarautun Zamfara ta fuskar yaƙe-yaƙe da samar da tsaro
da sauran nasabobi.
1.2 Dabarun Bincike
An bi hanyoyi daban daban wajen binciken
littattafan tarihi waɗanda masana da
manazarta suka yi domin kafa hujjoji ga abin da wannan takarda take magana a
kai. An ziyarci ɗakunan karatu domin
samun ƙarin bayani game da tarihin Zamfara da masarautun
gargajiya da kuma shi kansa Narambaɗa mawaƙin waɗannan masarautu.
1.3 Nasabar Yaƙi
A ɓangaren zamantakewar al’umma, yaƙi na ɗaya daga cikin
fitintinun da ke tarwatsa jama’a su bar mazauninsu na asali su koma wani wurin
zama da za su sami kwanciyar hankali; su gudanar da rayuwarsu kamar yadda suka
saba.
Haka kuma yaƙi abu ne da sarakuna
ke amfani da shi wajen faɗaɗa masarautunsu da
mamaye ƙasa mai faɗi a yankin masarautarsu. Sarakunan Zamfara
sun shahara wajen irin wannan matsayi domin bunƙasa tattalin
arzikinsu da kuma faɗaɗa ƙasarsu. Wannan ya
sami asali ne tun daga burbushin jihadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo wanda ya yi
fama da Gobir a lokacin da yake jihadin jaddada addinin musulunci. Sarakunan
Bukkuyum da Talata Mafara da Bakura suna daga cikin sarakunan da suka taka rawa
wajen baiwa Shehu Ɗanfodiyo gayon baya ga samun nasarar rushe Daular Gobir
(Johnston, 1967).
Idan muka koma kan masarautun Moriki da na Ƙaura da sauransu za
mu fahimci cewa waɗannan masarautu su ne
cibiyar masarautun Zamfara da suka ƙarfafawa jihadin ɗaukaka addini a ƙasar Hausa. Saboda
haka ne makaɗa Narambaɗa ya fifita su a
cikin waƙoƙinsa don ya nuna irin ɗaukakar da Allah ya yi masu a fagen mulki.
Makaɗa yana cewa a wannan
bauti kamar haka:
Jagora: “Moriki
Ƙaura
da Zurmi duk maganar ta zama ɗai
Amshi Bunguɗu da Gusau,
Kwatarkwashi ga ‘yan doto
Sun san
Garba ɗan Hassan
Shi as shugabansu
Kai ab babban ɗa nai
Jagora Magana
taka ba a cewa ba daidai ba
Amshi Nasabar
Shehu ba ta ɗai da ta kakan kowa
(Bakandamiya Narambaɗa)
A cikin wannan baiti makaɗa Narambaɗa yana son ya
danganta nasabar waɗannan sarakuna da ya
ambada da ta Sarkin Gobir na Isa ne wanda ya samo asali daga Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo. Shi dai
Narambaɗa mawaƙin fadar Isa ne, ga
al’ada idan mawaƙi yana da Uban gidansa, to ba ya yi wa wani waƙa sai da izinin
ubangidan nasa. Domin mawaƙi ya fita ya yi wa wani sarki waƙa ba da izinin
Sarkinsa ba, to yana iya zama wata fitina saboda za a taras waƙar da ya yi ta fi ta
uban gidansa. Haka kuma na iya zama sanadiyar rasa matsayinsa ga wannan fada ta
uban gidansa. Narambaɗa fadar Isa yake yi
wa waƙa a ƙarƙashin Sarakunan Gobir
na Isa biyu, ya zauna da Tudu Muhammadu Na’ammani (1927 – 1935) da Sarkin Gobir
Ahmadu Bawa (1935 – 1975). Narambaɗa ba shi da damar da zai yi wa wani Sarki waƙa face ubangidansa ya
yarda da haka. Sannan idan ya tsara waƙa sai ya kawo wa uban
gidansa ya gani, kuma shi Narambaɗa ya buɗa waƙar gaban Sarki ya
jiya idan ba ta fi tasa ba (Bunza 2009).
Kamar yadda bayani ya gabata cewa; mawaƙa Narambaɗa ya ambaci sarakunan
Zamfara bisa ga nasabar da suke da ita da daular Usmaniyya ta fuskar asali da
yaƙe-
yaƙe
domin ya kambama su a idon jama’a su ɗauke su da daraja. Haka kuma su kalle su a
matsayin adilan sarakuna. Saboda haka, irin wannan nasaba ta yaƙi ta bayyana ga
sarkin Kuryar Dambo inda Narambaɗa ke yaba shi da kasancewar shi gwarzo a
fagen yaƙi, misali.
Jagora: Ai
Kurya ta Dambo ce Makaru an nan
Amshi Zamfara
babu ɓagare kama tai
Masu gari
mazan gabas tsayayye
Sarkin Rwahi
ya wuce a rammai
Jagora: Ai
da takobi da garkuwa da mashi
Amshi Mai
sulke Dambo ho! Da Yaƙi
Kurya akwai mazan
fada da arna
Masu gari mazan gabas
tsayayye
Sarkin Rwahi ya wuce
a rammai
(Narambaɗa: Masu gari mazan
gabas tsayayye)
Waɗannan baituka biyu su suka tabbatar da
bajinta da buwayar sarakunan Zamfara musamman a fagen yaƙi.
Misali yana cewa:
Jagora: A
runguma uban yaƙi
Amshi Mazan
gabas da Sakkwato
Jagora:
Ba shawagi sa maza yawon duniya
Amshi Suna
sai da abin hwaɗi ga ‘yan uwa
Jagora:
Mai halin mazan jiya
Amshi Ɗansanda mai
Kwatarkwashi
(Narambaɗa: wakar mai
kwatarkwashi)
Masarautar Kwatarkwashi ta yi fice a fagen yaƙi tun lokacin da aka
haddasa wannan gari, ya ba da tasa gudummuwa wajen kawar da maƙiya a fagen yaƙi domin lokacin da
jihadin Ɗanfodiyo ya yi tsauri masarautun Zamfara sun yi haɓɓasa a cikinsu har da
Kwatarkwashi wajen faɗa da Gobir. Narambaɗa yana danganta
Sarkin Kwatarkwashi da nasabar Sarkin Gobir na Isa, inda yake cewa a cikin waƙar da ya yi wa Sarkin
Kwatarkwashi Alu, yana cewa:
Jagora: Da
anka ce Alu as Sarkin gidan ga na taho
Amshi Yai
halin mazan jiya
Amshi Ɗansanda mai
Kwatarkwashi
Jagora: Jikan
Dabo mai Kwatarkwashi
Amshi Jikan
kada gaƙe maza
Amshi Yai
halin mazan jiya Ɗansanda mai Kwatarkwashi
Wato dai Alu Sarkin Kwatarkwashi Sarki ne
wanda ya zama garkuwa a yankin gabas ga Sakkwato domin ya zama mai gaƙe maza idan sun taso
ma garin Kwatarkwashi ba zai bari su isa can ba.
Kotorkoshi gari ne mai dogon tarihi, wanda ya
samu asali daga wani jarumin mayaƙi kuma maharbi da ya
fito daga Katsina mai suna Mangul. Tun a cikin ƙarni na (14) kimanin
shekaru (611). Aminu (2018).
Narambaɗa yana danganta Sarkin Kotorkoshi da nasabar
Sarkin Gobir na Isa ta fuskar Jaruntaka.
Wato makaɗa Naramɗa yana nufin Alu Sarkin Kotorkoshi Sarki ne
wanda ya zama garkuwa a yankin gabacin Sakkwato, domin ya zama mai gaƙe maza idan sun taso
ma garin Kotorkoshi ba zai bari su iso can ba. Masarautar Kotorkoshi ta yi fice
a fagen yaƙi tun lokacin da aka assasa ta, garin ya taka muhimmiyar
rawa wajen kawar da maƙiya a fagen yaƙi a lokacin da jihadin
Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo ya yi tsauri, tsakaninsu da Gobirawa. Narambaɗa ya yabi Sarkin Kotorkoshi
da irin wannan nasaba ta yaƙi.
1.4 Ƙaura
Masarautar Ƙaura Namoda ta yi
fice ainun wajen dattako da sanin ya kamata da tsare amana da iya tafiyar da
mulki ta fuskoki daban-daban. Masarautar Ƙaura Namoda a ƙarƙashin mulkin
Muhammadu Namoda ta yi ƙoƙarin kare martabar Birnin Zurmi daga hare-hare da yaƙe-yaƙe na gobirawa da Adarawa
da Ɓurmawa
da Zamfarawar Kiyawa da Sauransu. Namoda ya kafa mazauninsa a wani dausayi na Ƙoramar Fafara, inda a
nan ne Namoda ya dinga kai yaƙe-yaƙe na Musulunci har zuwa
Birnin Alƙalawa, daga bisani kuma Muhammadu Namoda ya sake ƙarawa gaba inda ya
kafa wani mazauni kudu daga inda yake a dai-dai gulbin gagare wanda ake kira Ƙauran Namoda a halin
yanzu (Gusau 2015). Saboda haka makaɗa Narambaɗa ya yabi Sarkin Ƙaura a kan bajinta da
dattako da riƙon amana da gaskiya inda yake cewa:
Jagora: Da
samin Dattako da girma
Amshi Da
tsaron aikin ga na zamani
Jagora: In
dai ba ka koma Isa ba
Mai Ƙaura babu awa tai
Amshi: Shirin
bajirin Mamuda
Abu na Namoda
tsayayye
A nan makaɗa Narambaɗa yana son ya nuna irin kwarjinin Sarkin Ƙaura Namoda da
dattako da riƙon amana ga jama’arsa. Wannan shi ya sa masarautar Ƙaura Namoda ta yi
tashe har Narambaɗa ya ambace ta a
tsarin waƙoƙinsa na masarautun Zamfara.
1.5 Nasabar Ilmi
Hausawa na cewa “Nazango moriyar ka da nisa”
Wato ilmi kenan. Ilmi shi ne ginshiƙin samun nasarar
kowane irin abu da aka sa a gaba. Da ilmi ake samun ɗaukaka da imani da
tsaron amana da mulkin adalci. “Yandoto cibiya ce ta ilmi wace ta yi tasirin
gaske wajen bunƙasar ilmi a masarautar Tsafe da jihar Zamfara da kuma ƙasar Hausa baki ɗaya. A cikin bakandammiya.
Narambaɗa ya yi shagube ga
al’umma a kan muhimmancin ilmi inda yake cewa:
Jagora: Ai
kyau Mafarauchi ya ɗau kare ya kiyayo ya
hi
Shi ɗan Malam ya kama
littafi ad daidai
Amshi Sai
zuba waƙa nikai kamar alfa zazi
(Narambaɗa: Bakandamiya)
Wannan baiti yana bayyana muna darajar ilmi
ga masarautu wanda ya sa masarautar Tsafe ta shiga cikin tsara a fagen
jajircewa ga neman ilmi. Haka ya sa sarkin Tsafe ‘Yandoto Ali ya taka rawa ga
harkar ilmi a masarautarsa; inda Narambaɗa ke cewa a cikin waƙarsa:
Ko ɗan Malami da yay yi
karatu
Yaƙƙi biyat nassi
Yaƙ kiɗe baƙi
To Allah yana watse
kayanai
(Narambaɗa: Gagarau mai buge
kanfara Ali Yandoto)
Saboda haka aiki da ilmi ya ɗaukaka masarautar
Tsafe, wannan ya sa darajar Masarautar Tsafe ta samu ɗaukaka a idon duniya
a lokacin Sarkin Tsafe Ali ‘Yandoto.
1.6 Nasabar Mulkin Adalci
Adalci shi ne bai wa kowa ‘yanci da ya kamata
a ba shi, wato a bai wa mai gaskiya, gaskiya, shi kuwa maras gaskiya a hukunta
shi. Irin wannan mulki na adalci shi ne ya ƙara ɗaukaka darajar
Sarakunan Zamfara a Idon duniya (Dangulbi 2013). Makaɗa Narambaɗa ya tabbatar da
wannan zance a cikin waƙarsa inda yake cewa:
Jagora: Sarkin
Ƙayan
Maradun ba kama na ba shi
Amshi Komai
za ya yi da gaskiya yakai
Jagora: Ya
buwayi maza ginshiƙin tama na Amadu
Amshi Garba
ƙi
gudu ɗan moyi
Amshi Mai
halin mazan jiya
(Narambaɗa: Waƙar Sarkin Ƙaya Maradun)
Jagora: Ya
shirya zama da ku mutanen kudu,
Amshi: Duk
ku kiyaye halinai
Jagora: Ba
ya ce ma baranai
Amshi Tahi
samo man rance
Jagora: Ba
ya cewa
Amshi Yau
wane ina kai ma malka
Jagora: Babu
mai tsira wargi
Amshi: Yaji
tsoron ɗamri nai
Jagora: Mai
Gusau raba kaya
Amshi Ba
a kai maka wargi
Jagora: Mai
rabo da yawa
Amshi Gamda
aren Sarki Gobir
(Narambaɗa: Waƙar Sarkin Gusau)
Abin nufi a nan, Narambaɗa yana ƙoƙarin nuna nasabar
mulkin adalci ga waɗannan masarautu guda
biyu masu alaƙa ta jinni ga gidan mujaddadi Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo. Bugu da ƙari, masarautun
Zamfara sun zama abin koyi ga sarakunan ƙasar Hausa ta fuskar
adalci da riƙon amana.
1.7 Nasabar Tsaro
Tsaro shi ne kula da shige da ficen al’umma a
ƙasa
ko a yanki, kuma wannan tsaro shi ne tushen samar da zaman lafiya. Hausawa
sukan ce “Zaman lafiya ya fi zama ɗan Sarki”, wasu kuwa sun ce “Ko Sarkin ma ya
fi”. Idan babu zama lafiya to kuwa ba za a samu cikakken haɗin kai ba tsakanin
masu mulki da waɗanda ake mulki (Talakawa).
Masarautun Zamfara suna iya ƙoƙarinsu wajen ganin
sun sa ido ga masarautunsu don su hana shiga da fice a masarautunsu ba bisa ƙa’ida ba. Samun haka
ya sa sarakunan ƙasar Zamfara suka zama masu bin doka da oda ga hukumomi
da suka naɗa su domin tabbatar
da ingantaccen tsaro. Makaɗa Narambaɗa yana cewa:
Jagora: Gadan
– gadan na Bawa na Aisa,
Amshi Gaƙe maza uban Turawa
Jagora Madogara
na Malam Iro uban Bawa
Amshi Mai
gida Shinkafi
Jagora: Riƙe da gaskiya Ibrahim
Amshi Mai
taimakonka Allah na nan,
Jagora/Amshi Zan ka wa maza gurnani
(Narambaɗa: Waƙar Sarin Shinkafi)
1.8 Naɗewa:
Kamar yadda muka yi bayani a kan matsayin
Sarakunan Zamfara a bakin Narambaɗa, mun ga irin gudummuwar da Sarakunan
Zamfara suka bayar ta fuskar yaƙi da ilmi da adalci da tsaro da
sauransu. Wannan ya yi sanadiyar samun ɗaukakar su a idon duniya, saboda tun farko an
san Zamfarawa da zama lafiya wanda shi ya haifar da bunƙasar tattalin arziki
da kyakkyawar mu’amala tsakanin masarautun Zamfara da maƙwabtansu.
Manazarta
Tuntuɓi mai takarda.
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HAUSA: Kuna iya rubuto mana tsokaci ko tambayoyi a ƙasa. Tsokacinku game da abubuwan da muke ɗorawa shi zai tabbatar mana cewa mutane suna amfana da wannan ƙoƙari da muke yi na tattaro muku ɗimbin ilimummuka a wannan kafar intanet.