Saɓa Ka’idar Rubutun Hausa A Cikin Tallace-Tallacen Wasu Fina-Finan Hausa

Wannan aiki ya gudana ne a kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa da aka yi a cikin tallace tallacen wasu finan Hausa. Rubutun Hausa yana da ƙa’idoji da aka shata da ya kamata a kiyaye, da su domin ya zama karɓaɓɓe kuma mai ma’ana. Fahimtar ma’anar abun da aka rubuta kuwa ta ta’allaka ga bin waɗannan ƙa’idojin don a inganta rubutu, yanzu wata kila saboda zamananci da kasala tare da son burgewa ya sa ‘yan fim suka ɗauki wani salon amfani da haruffan da babu su a harshen Hausa, wani lokaci kuma haruffan Hausa ne amma ba a bin ƙa’ida ta haɗawa da...

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Saɓa Ƙa’idar  Rubutun Hausa A Cikin Tallace-Tallacen Wasu Fina-Finan Hausa

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MUBARAK MURTALA

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SADAUKARWA

Na sadaukar da wannan aiki ga iyayena Alhaji Murtala Abubakar Baƙo da Hajiya Safara’u Hamisu da yaya ta Farida Murtala da ƙanne na. Da fatar Allah ya saka musu da mafificin alhairinsa. Amin 

GODIYA

Dukkan yabo da godiya sun tabbata ga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki mai rahama mai jinkai, Allah ya daɗa tsira da amanci ga fiyayyen halitta Annabi Muhammadu (S.A.W) da alayensa gaba ɗaya.

Bayan haka kuma, ina ƙara jaddada godiya ta ga Allah (S.W.T) wanda cikin ikonsa da yardarsa ne na sami damar yin wannan binciki a kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa.

Ina miƙa godiya ta musamman ga Malam Nazir Ibrahim Abbas wanda shi ne ya duba wannan aiki nawa.

Bayan haka  ina miƙa kyakkyawar godiya ta ga Dr. Umar Bunza a kan taimakon da ya ba ni. Haka kuma ina miƙa godiya ta musamman ga Dr. Ibrahim Abdullahi Sarkin Sudan wanda a ƙarƙashin Jagorancinsa na shugaban sashe (H.O.D) mun sami ingantaccen horo, a matsayin ɗalibai masu nazarin harshen Hausa.

Kuma ina ƙara miƙa godiya ta ga ‘yan uwana ɗalibai musamman Abubakar Macciɗo da Abdulullahi Hussaini Idris da Mardiya Umar da Umar Shehu waɗanda su ka taimaka matuƙa wajen ganin wannan aiki ya samu nasara. Haka ma ina miƙa godiya ga abokaina musamman Auwal Sani da Aliyu  Yahuza Kiliya  da Musa Yahuza Kiliya da Abbas Ya’u Kagara da Mansur Yahuza Kiliya da Sadik Sanusi Hussaini da Mubarak Abubakar  wanɗan da  sun taimaka wurin wannan aiki ya kamala. Da fatar Allah ya sa ka musu da mafificin alherinsa.

Daga ƙarshe ina miƙa godiya ta ga dukkan malamai na sashen Koyar da Harsunan Najeriya.

BABI NA ƊAYA:  GABATARWA

1.0   SHIMFIƊA

Wannan aiki ya gudana ne a kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa da aka yi a cikin tallace tallacen wasu finan Hausa. Rubutun Hausa yana da ƙa’idoji da aka shata da ya kamata a kiyaye, da su domin ya zama karɓaɓɓe kuma mai ma’ana. Fahimtar ma’anar abun da aka rubuta kuwa ta ta’allaka ga bin waɗannan ƙa’idojin don a inganta rubutu, yanzu wata kila saboda zamananci da kasala tare da son burgewa ya sa ‘yan fim suka ɗauki wani salon amfani da haruffan da babu su a harshen Hausa, wani lokaci kuma haruffan Hausa ne amma ba a bin ƙa’ida ta haɗawa da rabawa kamar yadda yake a tsarin ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa.

Ana samun irin waɗannan kura-kurai musamman a cikin tallace tallacen wasu fina finan Hausa wanda mafi yawa masu amfani da su matasa ne saboda suna ganin rashin issashen muhallin rubutu da lokaci ke kawo haka. Cigaba da yin hakan babban illa ne ga harshen Hausa, wannan bincike zai zaƙulo irin-irin wannan saɓa ƙa’idojin da nufin gyara kura-kuran da ake yi.

      Wannan binciki zai gudana ne a cikin babi biyar. Babi na ɗaya ya ƙunshi shimfiɗa  da bitar ayyunkan da suka gabata da manufar bincike, hujjar cigaba da bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike da farfajiyar bincike da kuma Naɗewa.

Babi na biyu ya ƙunshi shimfiɗa da ma’anar fim da rabe- raben fina-finan Hausa da Ma’anar talla da yadda ake gudanar da  tallace-tallacen fina-finan Hausa.

Babi na uku ya kawo Tarihin rubutun Hausa, da sauye-sauyen  ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa da muhimmancin ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa da Naɗewa.

Babi na huɗu ya ƙunshi shimfiɗa da amfani da babban baƙi in da bai dace ba, da amfani da baƙaƙen da ba na Hausa ba da ingausa a wajen rubutun Hausa, da amfani da alamomin rubutu ba bisa ƙa’ida ba da naɗewa.

Babi na biyar ya ƙunshi taƙaitawa da kammalawa.

1.1BITAR AYYUKAN DA SUKA GABATA

     An gudamar da ayyuka da yawa waɗanda suke da kama da wannan aika wasu daga  cikin waɗannan ayyukan da na ci karo da sun  haɗa da: Amfani (2010) a muƙalarsa mai taken “Hausa internet Terms” shi ma ya buƙaci a faɗaɗa kalmomin Hausa a internet ta hanyar fassara su.

Bambanci sa da nawa aiki shi ne zai yi bayani akan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finai.

Bello (2010) a kundin digirinsua na farko mai taken “Keɓantaccen nazari a kan haɗa kalma da rabata a Hausa” Shi ma ya yi aiki sosai a kan ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa ta fuskar haɗe gaba da in da ake rabata.

                       Kiyawa (2013)  maƙalarsa da ya gabatar a taron ƙasa da ƙasa wanda hukumar a dana tarihi da raya al’adu da haɗin guiwar Jami’ar Umaru Musa  yar’ aduwa Katsina suka shirya mai taken “Tsokaci a kan fina-finan Hausa”.

                  Adamu (2011) ya gabatar da wata maƙala mai taken ‘Gudumuwar fina-finan Hausa wajen taɓarɓarewa tarbiya’. A wajen wani taro wanda hukumar adaidaita sahu ta jahar Kano ta shirya a ɗakin taro na Murtala Muhammad a garin Kano.

                       A cikin takardar ya yi bayani kan taɓarɓarewar tarbiya da ake samu sanadiyar fina-finan Hausa da kuma hanyar da za a bi domin magance matsala.

              Abubakar (2011) A kundin digirinsa na farko da ya gabatar a Sashen nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya, Jami’ar Usmanu Danfodiyo, Sakkwato mai taken: Tasirin fina-finan Hausa a kan al’adun Hausawa. Ya fito da gurɓa cewar da al’adun Hausawa suka yi sanadiyar kallon fina finai da kuma nuna illolin da kan iya faruwa a sanadiyar wannan tasiri nawa ko zai yi bayani ne kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina finan Hausa.

                       Gandu (2012) A kundin digirinsa na biyu da ya gabatar a Sashen koyar da harsunan Nijeriya, Jami’ar Usmanu Danfodiyo, Sakkwato, mai taken ‘Tasiri fina-finan Indiya kan na Hausa”. Ya yi bayani tarihin fina-finai a ƙasar Hausa da yadda fina-finan Indiya suka yi tasiri a kan na Hausa da kuma dangantakar da ke tsakanin  fina-finan Indiya da na Hausa .

         Ni ko nawa aiki zai yi bayani ne kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutu Hausa a cikin tallace -tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa. Duk waɗannan ayyuka da na yi bita suna da alaƙa da aiki na domin sun danganci fina-finai sai dai sun banbanta, domin ni zanyi nazari kan saɓa ka’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa.

      Duk waɗannan ayyuka da na yi bita suna da alaƙa da aiki na domin sun danganci fina-finai sai dai sun banbanta, domin ni zan yi nazari kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallacen tallacen-tallacen wasu fina finan Hausa a kan wasu matsalolin fina- finan Hausa. wajen ɓata tarbiya ya yi tsokaci kan irin rawar da fina-finan Hausa suke takawa wajen gurɓata tarbiyar yara maza da mata a wannan zamani. Nawa aikan kuma zai yi Magana ne akan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace –tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa.

       Chamo (2013) Muƙalar sa da ya gabatar a taron ƙarawa juna sani na ƙasa da ƙasa Cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya ta Jami’ar Bayaro Kano, mai taken “Language and Globalization: eɗpression of Loɓe in Hausa Society and its representations in Hausa film.” Ya yi bayani yadda ‘yan wasan fim na Hausa suka ɗauko al’adun wasu mutanen waje (ya wanci daga fina- finan indiya) suka zo da su da sabbin dubaru kuma suna aiwatar dasu a ƙoƙarin bayyana soyayyar Hausa a fina-finan.

   Bambanci da alƙara  aikin sa da nawa aikin shi ne nawa zai yi bayani  a kan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace –tallacen wasu fina- finan Hausa.

      Duk waɗannan ayyuka da na yi bita suna da alaƙa  da aiki  na domin su na magana akan  ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa da nazari akan fina-finai, sai dai sun banbanta domin ni zanyi nazari akan saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa da aka yi wurin gudanar da tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa.

1.2 MANUFAR BINCIKE

      Manufar wannan bincike shi ne jawo hankali musanman Hausawa domin su gano cewa wannan ɗabi’ar rubutu da suka ɗauko a wajan gudanar da taken tallace- tallacensu ba ƙa’idar rubutu ba ce da aka aminta da ita ba kuma tuna da illa wajen sauya daidaitacciyar hanyar rubuntun Hausa. Haka kuma akwai manufar su gano karan tsaye ne suke yiwa harshen Hausa wannan aiki zai taimaka ga waɗanda ba Hausawa ba su tantance haruffa da kalmomin da babu su a harshen Hausa ,

                       Saboda su kiyaye amfani da su ya yin rubutu, bugu da ƙari zai taimaka wajen banbancewa tsakanin in da ya kamata a raba kalma da haɗa  kalma da farawa da babban baƙi ko karamin baƙi a wajen rubutu.

1.3 HUJJAR CI GABA DA BINCIKE

                   An gudanar da ayyuka da ya wa masu alaƙa da wannan aiki kuma babu wani aiki irinsa shi yasa na gaya dace in gudanar da wannan bincike nawa mai taken saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa.

1.4 HANYOYIN GUDANAR DA BINCIKE

      Daga cikin hanyoyin da na bi wajen gudanar da wannan bincike sun haɗa da shiga  ɗakin karatu  domin nazarin muƙalu da littafai da kundaye da suka yi nazari kan ayyukan da suka shafi: saɓa ka’idar rubutu da fina-finai da  kuma yan fim , haka kuma na tattara wasu fina-finai da na kalla domin nazarin saɓa ka’idar rubutu da ke cikin su fina-finan sun haɗa da Ranar Aure da Kalan dangi da burin duniya, da mijin yarinya da Mansur da ɓarayin zamani da ɗan bazawa da aminai da  Farmaki da Yusra da amaryar mahaukaci.

1.5 FARFAJIYAR BINCIKE

             Wannan bincike ne akan saɓa ka’idar rubutu a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa, dukkan binciken zai gudana ne kan fina-finan Hausa na kannywood kawai, aikin zai ta’allaƙa ne kawai ga saɓa ka’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin fina-finai musamman a wajen harkokin shirya fina-finai da kuma tallace-tallace su.

1.6 NAƊEWA

      Wannan babi na ɗaya shi ne gabatar wa wanda ya ƙunshi duk wata gabatar wa ta wannan binciken babin ya kawo bitar ayyukkan da suka gabata da manufar binciken da hujjah ci gaba da bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike da kuma farfajiyar bincike. 

                   

BABI NA BIYU : TAƘAITACCEN TARIHIN FINA-FINAI DA TALLACE-TALLACE

2.0   SHIMFIƊA

                         Babi na biyu ya kawo ma’anar  fim da rabe-raben fina-finan Hausa da ma’anar  talla , da yadda ake gudanar da taken tallace-tallacen fina-finai Hausa.

2.1 MA’ANAR FIM

Fim kalma ce ta turanci wato (film) da take nufin ‘jerantuwar hotuna masu motsi waɗanda a ka ɗauka tare da sauti domin bayyana wani labari a kan allon talabijin ko sinima ko majigi ko wurin nuna shirye-shirye’. Fassarar (adɓanced learner’s dictionary 2005, 7^th edition).

Ahmad (2002) ya bayyana ma’anar cewa ‘fim wata hanya ce ta faɗakar da alumma ana amfani da fim domin ilmantar da mutane a kan wani abu da ya shige musu duhu ko kuma da ake son suji ko su ɗauka’’.

 Usman  (2007) ya bayar da ma’anar fim da cewa; wata hanya ce da ɗan adam yake amfani da ita domin samun nishaɗi da raha da annashuwa da kuma gusar da ɓacin rai ko wata damuwa da ke tare da shi, tare da kwaikwayon halaye na gari da kuma guje wa halaye marasa ƙyau.

La’akari da waɗannan ma’anoni muna iya cewa; fim wata hanya ce ta sanya rayuwa cikin raha da nishaɗi da annashuwa don kawar da wata damuwa tare da cusa ko isar da saƙo ga mai kallo’’.

2.2 RABE-RABEN FINA-FINAN HAUSA

Masu shirya fina-finai Hausa sun kasu zuwa gida biyu kamar haka:

i.        ‘yan fim ɗin sentimental’

ii.       ‘yan fim ɗin camamsa’

wadannan sune kasha-kashe ko rabe-raben fina-finai   Hausa .

i.                    Sentimental wani rukuni ne na al’umma masu shirya fina-finan Hausa na zamani,musamman fina-finan soyayya domin faɗakar da al’umma da nishaɗantar da su da kuma gargadi. Suna ɗaukar tsawon lokaci kamin su haɗa fim guda. Wasu daga cikin yan fim ɗin sentimental sun haɗa da: Ali Nuhu da, Adam A. Zango da Sadik Ahamad da Sani Musa Danja da Yakubu Muhammad da Sha’aibu Lawal da Nafisa Abdullahi da, Rahama Sadau da Aisha Aliyu Tsamiya da, Fati Washa da, Jamila Nagudu da dai sauransu. Duk da yake wani lokaci kana iya samun ɗaya daga cikin su a fim ɗin camama.

ii. Camama wani rukuni ne al’umma da ke shirya fina-finan Hausa na barkwanci da ban dariya domin nishaɗantar da al’umma da ban dariya da sanya su cikin farin ciki da annashuwa. Mafi yawan fina-finansu na gargajiya ne domin nuna tantagaryar al’adar hausawa. Ba su cika daɗewa ba wajen shirya fina-finan su domin bai kai wahalar na sentimental ba. Daga cikin waɗanda suke yi fice wajen fim ɗin camama sun haɗa da:Rabilu Musa (Dan Ibro) da Katakore da Bawa Mai Kanwa da Wanzam da Hankaka da Husaina Tsigai da Ladi Tubulas da Mai Aya da Daushe da  Moɗa da dai sauransu. Duk da yake suma wani lokaci suna  yin fim ɗin sentimental to amma anfi saninsu a fim ɗan camama.

     Dukkansu suna a cikin masana’anta wadda suka sama suna (kannywood) ita wannan masana’anta da’yan sentimental da’yan camama duk cikinta suke tare suke gudanar da al’amurransu na shirya fina-finai, suna da kamfunna daban-daban da suka haɗa da FKD da  ABNUR da 2 EFFECT da ZANGO MOƁIES da  BARUMI MOƁIES, MJ ƁIDIO ENTERTAIMENT da MAI SANA’A ENTERTAIMENT da KOMO PRODUCTION

2.3 MA’ANAR TALLA

       Gillian Dyer (1982) ya bayyana ma’anar talla da cewa talla wata hanya ce ta jawo hankalin mutane zuwa ga wani abu wanda akan haɗa da ƙarin gishirin don kara inganta abin .

       Bagudu (2005) ya bayyana talla da cewa ‘daɗaɗɗiyar  hanya ce da al’umma ke amfani da ita donsu bayyana ko kuma su isarda saƙo zuwa ga jama’a ta amfani da hausar da za ta ‘iya jan hankalin jama’a su saye ko su yarda da wata haja ko manufa, haka kuma yace Kalmar talla wata abu ce da aka daɗe anayi a bakunan  mutane jama,a maza da mata manya da yara amma kuma ba kowa Zai iya bayarda cikakkiyar ma’anar ta ba sai mutumin da keda Ilimin Kasuwanci na saye da sayarwa da kuma sanin manufofi;

                        INUSA (2007) yace’’ Talla na ɗauke da ma’anar guntayen zantuka da ake wa Kwalliya da nau’oin  adon harshe,don jawo hankali da cusa ra’ayi ga mutane kan wani al’amari na aiki ko ra’ayi ko shawara ko haja da dai sauransu”.

                        TAMBURAWA (2008) Shi ma tasa fahimta ya bayyana talla da cewa,talla wata hanya ce sassauka mai arha wadda ake bi don sayarda kaya ga jama’a ko masu bukata.

                        YOLA (2008)ya bayyana talla da cewa’’Talla tana nufin yaɗawa ko yekuwa ko sanar wa akan wani abu ga mutane ta hanyar jawo hankalinsu zuwa ga abin da ake tallatawa.

2.4  YADDA AKE GUDANAR DA TAKEN TALLACE-TALLACEN  FINA-FINAI

                        Akwai Hanyoyi da dama da ake amfani dasu wajan gudanar da tallace-tallace.

i.        Ana gudanar da tallar fim farkon wani fim na daban

ii.      Ana gudanar da talla a tsakiyar fim

iii.    Ana gudanarda tallar wani sabon fim a karshen wani fim

A cikin fim ɗin Ga GiDA-GA GIDA an yi tallar fim ɗin ‘’Burin

Duniya’’ a ciki kamar haka

Kamfani; A B ZANGO MOƁIE

Shiryawa; Yusuf  KHALID

Ba da Umurni: ISAH UMAR (TURAKIN KANGO)

Sunan  fim;

BILKEESU- A Mai makon Bilkisu

Shiryawa; Adamu Amart a maimakon  Amat

Cigaban  shiri; Yakubu A.I.K

Ba da labari ; Aisha Tijjani

Mataimakin Mai ba da Umurni: Ahmad A. Bifa

Umurni Kamal S. Alkali

Kamfanin: MIA INTERPRICE

KAUYAWA 2017 – MAIMAKON ƘAUYAWA

Kamfani: mai shadda Inɓestiment NIG LTD

Labari Falalu A Dorayi – A maimako Ɗorayi

Tsara labari: maje el Hajij hotoro

A mataimakin mai bada umarni: Bello Shatima

SHIR yawa: Muhammad Bashir Mai Shadda a maimakon shiryawa

Ɗau kar nauyi: Sani Haruna mai makon ɗaukar                    

Bada umarni: Sadiƙ M Mafiya maimakon sadik

 2.5 NAƊEWA

                        Wannan babi na biyu mai taken “Takaitaccen Tarihin Fina-Finai da tallace-tallace” ya kawo ma’anar fim da rabe-raben fina finan Hausa da ma’anar talla da yadda ake gudanarda taken tallace-tallacen fina-finai Hausa.

                         

BABI NA UKU:- RUBUTUN HAUSA DA ƘA’IDOJINSA

3.0    SHIMFIƊA

                        A wannan babi za a yi bayani a kan ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa daga tarihin rubutun Hausa da yadda ake yinsa da sauye- sauye ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa da kuma muhimmancin kiyaye ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa.

3.1 TARIHIN  RUBUTUN  HAUSA

                        Tarihi ya nuna cewa wani bature mai suna J.F Schon ne ya fara rubutun Hausa a littafinsa mai suna “Magana Hausa” amma bai san karin harshen Hausa ba don haka ba a yi zama kan ƙa’idojin rubutun ba don haka  ba a damu ba. Bayan shi an rubuta wani littafi mai suna “Dictionary na Abram da Bargery, duk lokacin babu amintaccen tsarin rubutun Hausa irin na yau.  

         A shekarar (1955) wani ɗan majalisar wakilai ta arewacin Najeriya da ke Kaduna daga Bauchi Bawa Bulkacuwa ya kawo kuduri a majalisar don samarda hukuma mai kula da rubutun Hausa, “hausa Language Board” wadda daga baya ta koma “centre for the study of Nigerian Language”

        A (1960-2000) an samu gyare-gyaren da suka kai ga samar da daidaitaccen tsarin rubutun Hausa (standard Hausa  Orthography) ko da ya ke an rubutu  abubuwa masu kama da ƙaidojin, masali a shekara ta 1912 Hanns Ɓischer Dan Hausa ya ba da dokokin wasulla a littafinsa “ Rules for Hausa Spelling. A 1938 Gwamnati ta amince da amfani da haruffa masu lanƙwasa kamar haka /ɓ/ɗ/ƙ/. mai makon ɗago a ƙasa  /b/ɗ/ƙ/ kamar  yadda ya zo a lamba ta 396 na kundin da aka tattara dokokin Najeriya (Nigerian Gazette)

            A shekarar (1966) ƙungiyar O.A.U  ta ɗauki nauyin wani babban taro a kan ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa a Bamako (Mali) duk da nufin samar da ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa, an kuma yi wani a Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello a shekara ta 1970

A shekara ta 1972 cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya Jami’ar Bayaro ta yi taron ƙarawa juna sani a kan ƙa’idojin rubutu, wanda bisa  amincewarsa ne M.K.M Galadanci a matsayinsa na sakataren taron ya tattara matsayar har ya buga littafin sa mai suna “An induction to Hausa Grammar  a (1976) wanda a ciki ya sa ƙa’idojin rubutu (Authograph) amma ya tabbatar cewa wannan yarjejeniyar malamai ce.

            Bugu da ƙari Gwamnatin Ƙasar Najeriya da kuma jamhuriyar Nijar sun shiryar taro ta sakamokon daidaita ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa  a (1980) mai taken Najeriya / Niger Hausa Authography”. Haka ma a wani lokaci an yi wani taro mai taken  “History of Africa CELTHO”.  O. A U, In da aka shekara 12 wajen fassara a ƙarshe Jami’ar  Ahmadu Bello Uniɓersity Zaria ta buga shi.

              Amfani (2004) ya kawo bayani akan yarjejeniyar shekarar dubu ɗaya da  ɗari tara da talatin da  takwas  akan amfani da haruffa masu kugiya.

Wannan taƙaitaccen tarihin ƙa’idojin rubutun ta, to bai kamata yau saboda zamani ya zo da kafar sadarwa ba, a riƙa saɓa ƙa’idojin haka kawai ba.

A ƙarshe (2011) wasu manyan cibiyoyi watau “ Centre for the Black and Africa Arts Ciɓilazation” (CBAAC) da “ Centre for Adɓance Study of African Society (CASAS) sun yi taruka a gabascin Afrika harsunan Hausa da Igbo da yaruba da Ijaw. Suka tattara ƙa’idojin rubutun domin  nazarinsu, suka kuma samar da wani kundi mai suna: A unfied standard Orthography for the Hausa Language Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon,Ghana & chad monograph series No: 241.

3.2  SAUYE - SAUYEN  ƘA’IDOJIN RUBUTUN HAUSA

A shekarar 1950 hukumar NORLA ta buga wani littafi mai suna “HAUSA SPELLING” da kuma gyare-gyaren da hukumar Hausa ta yi wanda aka buga mallakar Gwamnati mai lamba (396) “Nigerian Gazet 24-03-1958” wannan ya sa mutane ba su cigaba da rubutu barkatai ba, wasu su na haɗe wasu kalmomin wajen rubutu kuma wasu su na raba kalmomin waɗannan sauye-sauyen baƙaƙe daban-daban.

           Wannan matsala ta sa aka yi taruka daban-daban har karo (3) uku domin gyara da kuma samar da hanya wajen ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa.Taron farko anyi shi ne ta bai ɗaya a kasar Mali, taro nas biyu kuma an yi shi ne a Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello Uniɓersity Zaria a shekarar 1970, taro na uku kuwa ya gudana a bayero Uniɓersity Kano a cikin   09- 1972.

Ga kaɗan da ga cikin cigaban da aka samu a sauye- sauye ƙa’idojin rubutu.

NAU’IN  GYARA	TSOHUWAR HANYA	SABUWAR HANYA
1.  kalmomin gama gari ko jam’u	Ko ina Ko mai Ko wacce Ko wane Kowaɗanne	Ko’ina Komai Kowace Kowane Kowanne
2. lamirin lokaci	Zaka Nake Ya na Ta na Su na Mu na	Za ka Na ke Yana Tana Suna Muna
3. Shadda ko ɗauri	Gyagygyara Sakwkwato Gwagwgwada Shashshafa Shashshare	Gyaggyara Sakkwato Gwaggwada Shasshafa Shasshare
4. kalmomi masu Amsa kama	Mutun Malan Kullun Jingin Sukutun Kundun	Mutum Malam Kullum Jingim Sukutum Kundum
5A. Baƙaƙen Nasaba	Sarkim maƙarfi Sarkim fada Akwatim fata Sarkim baka	Sarkin maƙarfi Sarkin fada Akwatin fata Sarkin baka
5B. Baƙaƙen Mallaka	Akwatim Musa Gonammu Gidammu Matammu Rigammu	Akwatin Musa Gonarmu Gidanmu Matanmu Rigarmu
6. Fi’ili	Ya kan Ta kan Ku kan Ki kan A kan	Yakan Takan Kukan Kikan Akan
7. karan Dauri	Faɗi tashi Kwan gaba Bar ni da mugu	Faɗi-tashi Kwan-gaba Bar-ni-da-mugu
8. Gajeriyar Kalmar Mallaka	Doki na Rigar sa Zanen ta	Dokina Rigarsa Zanenta

3.3 MUHIMMANCIN  ƘA’IDOJIN RUBUTUN HAUSA 

                        Shi yahaifar da ƙoƙarin  da malamai  da kuma hukumomi daban-daban ne suka yi taruka domin daidaita rubutun Hausa a tarihi kamar yadda ake kawo a sashe na 3.1 na wannan babin.

                        Babu  shakka ayyukan malaman Hausa da suka gabatar da kuma tarihin da hukumomin suke yi sune suka samar da tsarin rubutu na daidaitacciyar Hausa wanda ake amfani da shi a yau.

     Ƙa’idojin rubutun kuwa suna taimakawa wajen daidaita rubutu na bai ɗaya tsakanin al’umma kuma sune  suka ɗaukaka harshen Hausa a kasance mai tsarin rubutu na bai ɗaya da ake  amfani dashi  a makarantu, da kafofin watsa labarai (Jaridun Mujalla, gidan radiyo da talabajin ) da wajen rubuce- rubaucen adabi da wasu harkokin da suka danganci hukumci.

                        Bugu da ƙari ƙai’dojin suna taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙa karatun abun da aka rubuta da kuma fahimtar shi ga mai karatu.

Hasali ma samun dadaitaccen tsarin rubutu,ƙa’idojin rubutu wani ma’auni ne da ake kimanta daraja ko ɗaukakar harshe tsakanin harsuna a idon masana harsuna. Sabo da haka ƙa’idojin rubutu suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga cigaba da bunƙasar harshe, babu shakka a harshen Hausa ya taimaka wajen samun.

Daidaitacciyar Hausa tare da sautukan baƙaƙe 34 da kuma sautukan wasulla goma sha uku 13, sautukan baƙaƙen Hausa kuwa sune:

/b/ da /ɓ/ da / m/ da /F/ da /fy/ da /t/ da /d/ da/ɗ/ da /i/ da/r/da/n/da/n/ da/n/ da/s/da/z/ da/ts/da / r/ da/ sh/ da /c/ da /j/ da/y/ da/k/ da/ky/da / kw/ da /ƙ/ da/ƙw/ da/g/ da /gy/ da /gw/ da /w/ da /h/ da /‘/ da /‘y/

Yayin da a sautukan wasullan Hausa tare da gajerun wasulla 5, ne a,i,o,u,e, da dogayen wasulla biyar ne aa, ii,uu,oo,ee,da kuma tagwayen wasullan ai da au da iren, wi duk rubutu Hausa ana yinsu ne da waɗannan baƙaƙen ko wasullan  a tsarin Daidaitacciyar Hausa.

A fina finan Hausa ana samun saɓanin  harshe a cikin tallace-tallacen fina-finai domin kuwa suna amfani da wasu sautukan baƙaƙen da ba na Hausa ba.

Musamman wajen rubuta sunayen taurari fina-finai, wasu da wani bincike.

3.4 NAƊEWA

Wannan babi na uku mai taken “Rubutun Hausa da ƙa’idojin sa” ya tattauna  tarihin samuwar rubutun Hausa da yadda masana suka fito da daidaitaccen rubutun Hausa, Bugu da ƙari babin ya kawo sauye-sauyen ƙa’idojin rubutun da kuma muhimmancin ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa.

  

BABI NA HUƊU: SAƁA ƘA’IDAR RUBUTUN HAUSA A CIKIN TALLAR WASU FINA- FINAN HAUSA.

4.0   SHIMFIƊA

          Duk da cewa a babi na ukku mai taken rubutun Hausa da ƙa’idojinsa wannan babi na huɗu mai taken saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun a cikin tallace- tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa, ya kawo amfani da baban baƙi in da bai dace ba da amfani da baƙaƙen daba na Hausa ba, da ingausa a wajen rubutun Hausa da  amfani da alamomin rubutu ba bisa ƙa’ida ba Hausa.

4.1 AMFANI DA BABBAN BAƘI IN DA BAI DACE BA.

          A ƙoƙarin yin nazari na kallon wasu fana-finai da aka kalla zan kawo wuraren da aka saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa ta amfani da babban baƙi in da bai dace ba.

                        Akwai fina-finai da aka kalla na Hausa waɗanda aka sami irin wannan saɓa ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa a taken tallace-tallacen su fina-finan kuwa shi ne kamar haka:-

                        Duk da cewa fina-finan sun kasu kasha biyu akwai fina-finai sentimental da camama.

FINA-FINAI CAMAMA

Sunan Fim: Kauyawa 2017

Kamfani: Mai Shadda Inɓestiment

Furoduusa: Abubakar Bashir Mai Shadda

Darakta: Kamal S Alkali

                        A cikin fim  an yi amfani da babban baƙi sai kuma aka idar da ƙaramin baƙi. Misali:

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*TSAra labari                                                                         Tsara labari

*SHIRyawa                                                                            Shiryawa

*ƊAUkar nauyi                                                                      Ɗaukar nauyi

*BAda umurni                                                                         Ba da umurni

Sunan Fim: Mijin Yarinya

Kamfani: Mai Kwai Moɓies

Furodusa: Abdulmuminu Tantiri

Darakta: Abdulmuminu Tantiri

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*BaDA umurni                                                               Ba da Umurni

*LaBARi                                                                        Labari

*ƊauKar Hoto                                                                Ɗaukar Hoto

Sunan FIm: Ruwan Dare

Kamfani: Yamsa Multimedia

Furodusa: Yasin Auwal

Darakta: Yasin Auwal

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*TSAra labari                                                                         Tsara labara

*SHIRyawa                                                                              Shiryawa

*ƊAUkar nauyi                                                                       Ɗaukar nauyi

*BAda umurni                                                                          Ba da umurni

Sunan Fim: Babban Yaro

Kamfani: Prince Zango

Furodusa: Falalu A Ɗorayi

Darakta: Adam A Zango

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*ADam A. Zango                                                           Adam A  Zango

*TIjjAni Asase                                                               Tijjani Asase

*BAda UMURni                                                            Bada Umurni

*ShirYAwa                                                                      shiryawa

FINA-FINAI SENTIMENTAL

Sunan Fim:Mai Farin Jinni

Kamfani: F K D production

Darakta: Yakubu Muhammad

Furodusa: Mal Aminu Saira

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*WaKA                                                                                Waƙa

*ALi Nuhu                                                                         Ali Nuhu

*MAImuna                                                                            Maimuna

*SuTUra                                                                           Sutura

*HAske                                                                               Haske

Sunan Fim: Ranar Aure

Kamfani: M.J Moɓies            

Furodusa: Yakubu Usman

Darakta: Falau A Ɗorayi

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*Ranar aure                                                                    Ranar Aure

Sunan Fim: Kalan Dangi

Kamfani: Tsamiya Inɓestiment

*Furodusa: Abubakar Bashir Maishadda

Darakta: Ali Gumzak

KUSKURE                                                                       GYARA

*Maishadda                                                                 Mai Shadda

*DAUkar Nauyi                                                           Ɗaukar Nauyi

* TSAra labara                                                             Tsara Labari

4.1.2 AMFANI DA BAƘAƘEN DA BA NA HAUSA BA

                         Daidaitacciyar Hausa akwai haruffan da aka aminta da su da waɗanda ba a aminta da su ba, Masana sun yi bayanin ayyuka daban-daban.

                        A daidaitacciyar Hausa tana da sautukan baƙaƙe 34 da kuma sautukan wasulla goma sha uku, sautukan baƙaƙen Hausa kuwa Su ne: /b/ da /ɓ/ da / m/ da /F/ da /fy/ da /t/ da /d/ da /ɗ/ da  da /r/ da /n/ da /n/ da /n/ da /s/ da /z/ da /ts/ da / r/ da /sh/ da /c/ da /j/ da /y/ da /k/ da /ky/ da / kw/ da /ƙ/ da /ƙw/ da /g/ da /gy/ da /gw/ da /w/ da /h/ da /‘/ da /‘y/.

                        Yayin da a sautukan wasullan Hausa tare da gajerun wasulla 5, ne /a/ /i/ /o/ /u/ /e/ da dogayen wasulla biyar ne /aa/ /ii/ /uu/ /oo/ /ee/ da kuma tagwayen wasullan ai da au da /ui/. Duk rubutu Hausa ana yinsa ne da waɗannan baƙaƙen ko wasullan  a tsarin Daidaitacciyar Hausa.

A fina-finai Hausa ana samun saɓanin harshe a cikin tallace-tallacen fina-finai domin kuwa suna amfani da wasu sautukan baƙaƙen da ba na Hausa ba.

Musamman wajen rubuta sunayen taurarin fina- finai wasu misallan da wannan bincike ya samo a fina-finan kamar haka:-

Sunayen Fina-Finai su ne

Bilkisu

Kalna Dangi

Mijin Yarinya

Mansur

Mariya

Sabon Dan Tijara

KUSKURE   N SUNAYEN ‘YAN WASA

KUSKURE                                                                                        GYARA

*Ɗainab                                                                                              Zainab

*Ƙasim                                                                                                kasim

*Bunɗa                                                                                                Bunza

*Phatima                                                                                             Fatima

*Ishaƙ                                                                                                 Ishak

*Baseeru                                                                                             Basiru

*Ɗuwaira                                                                                            Zuwaira

*Ummee                                                                                              Ummi

*Bilkeesu                                                                                            Bilkisu

*Mubaraƙ                                                                                            Mubarak

*Ruƙayya                                                                                            Rukayya

*Faruƙ                                                                                                 Faruk

*Mustpha                                                                                            Mustafa

*Parida                                                                                                Farida

*Sadiƙ                                                                                                 Sadik

*Naɗeefa                                                                                             Nazifa

                        A taƙaice haruffan da harshen Hausa ya aminta da ayi rubutu da su, su ne wajibi domin kaucewa saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa, wanda ba shakka karantsaye ne ga Hausa da rubutun hausa baki ɗaya.

4.1.3 INGAUSA A WAJEN RUBUTUN HAUSA

                        Ingausa na nufin haɗa wani harshe da wani a lokacin Magana. Misali haɗa harshen Ingilishi da Hausa

                        Ingausa wata Magana ce wadda ake haɗa turanci da hausa, ya ba da  ma’ana ga wanda duk  ake mu’amalar da shi.

                        Ingausa wata Magana ce wadda ake haɗa Hausa. Da turanci kuma ta ba da ma’ana.

                        A cikin wasu fina-fanin Hausa a kan samu irin wannan ingausa a tsakanin mutane biyu ko fiye a cikin fina-finai Hausa. Ga wasu daga cikin misallan ingausa kamar haka:-

MISALIN INGAUSA DAGA FIM ƊIN SENTIMENTAL

Sunan Fim: Mai Kyau

Kamfani: ABNUR

Furodusa: Abdul Amad Mai Kwashewa

Darakta: Sadik M Mafia

        

     Misali kamar hirar da ta wakana a tsakanin Ali Nuhu da budurwarsa:

 *Kina da ɓalue a wurin shi

*Haba Baby na

*To ba ni One Minute Kacal

*Haba ki rage yin fushi mana baby

        Sai sauran wurare da aka samu irin wannan ingausar a cikin wannan fim ɗin:

*One Million kawai nake so

*To kina da Account ɗina?

*Sady baby ta shi ki buɗe

*Yau za mu sha party wurin nan

*Anty Lubnat

*Tana prision

*Ai kana da account number

*Bani ni Two Fifty

*Ke ‘yar Gold

*Sai dai in ba da appointment

MISALIN INGAUSA DAGA FIM ƊIN CAMAMA

Sunan Fim: Ruwan Dare

Kamfani: Yamsa Multimedia

Furodusa: Yasin Auwal

Daracta: Yasin Auwal

      An samu ingausa a tsakanin Aminu Sharif da abokinsa Sadik Sani Sadik a lokacin da suka je wurin fira tare da Rahama Sadau. Misali:

*O Raliya long time

*Ka ga Credit ɗina ne zai ɗan ɗare

*Dady na bai nan

*Sai neɗt week zai dawo

*No Turkey ke nan

    

 Sai kuma wasu wurare da aka sake samun irin wannan ingausar a cikin wannnan fim ɗin mai suna Ruwan Dare. Misali

*Irinku ne ku ke ciwa Degree Mutunci

*Aikin Gandiroba Shi ma ka Raina shi

*Wow! Wow! Maintain mana

*Da a yi aure na ba Dinner ba Picnic, to wallahi da in yi aure a haka gwamma in mutu ban yi aure ba.

4.1.4   AMFANI DA ALAMOMIN RUBUTU  BA BI SA ƘA’IDA BA

                         Amfani da alamomin rubutu a fina-finan Hausa duk da cewa a fina finan Hausa ba’a cika amfani da alamomin rubutu ba, amma an samu wasu kaɗan daga cikin alamomin rubutu a fina-finan Hausa.

                        Alamomin rubutu wasu abubuwa ne da ke gudana tsakanin kalmomin mai rubutu irin waɗannan alamomi kamar rini suke a cikin rubutu watau da zarar an raba su,to rubutu ba zai yi armashi ba wani lokaci ma ya kasa karantawa, alamomin rubutu suna taimakawa wajen fitar da ma’anar abin da mai rubutu ke nufi sosai.

Misali,

1.      Aya (.) Aya wata alama ce mai nuna Magana ta cika sosai ko inda jimla ta ciki tare da ma’ana mai fa’ida don haka duk Magana da za ta biyo baya ta zama sabuwa, haka kuma, dole duk harafin da zai biyo bayan aya ya  zama babban baƙi. Misalin Aya,

*kasa mu wuri ka zauna mana.

2.      Waƙafi (,) wannnan kishiyar aya ne  aya na nufin dakatawa gaba ɗaya. Waƙafi kuma ya na nufin ɗan hutawa na ƙaramin lokaci domin gyara murya, wannan alama na nuna ba a kai karshen Magana ba, amma yana dama ya ɗan dakata amma a kada ta tsawaita da katawar kuma bakin da za a tashi dashi ya zama ƙaramin baƙi.

3.      Waƙafi mai Ruwa (;)wannan ita ma wata alamace mainuna tsagaitawa, watau a ɗan nunfasa, kuma harafin da zai biyo baya a rubuta shi da ƙaramin baƙi. Misali 

*sannu samira, Bismillah shigo ki zauna.

4.      Alamar Tambaya (?) duk wurin da ake da ita wurin tambaya ne dole ne kuma alamar tambaya ta kasance a karshen tambaya. Baƙin da zai biyo baya ana rubutashi da babban baƙi. Wannan yana faruwa ne duk locacin da aka yi tambaya.

 Misali, miko kun san inda samira taje?.

5.      Baka biyu [()] A rubutun Hausa ana sanya wani zance a cikin baka biyu, to duk zancen da aka sanya a cikin baka biyu to ba dole sai an karanta shi ba. Ana amfani dashi ne domin ƙarin bayani a kan abin da ake Magana a kai. Haka kuma, ana amfani da baka biyu wurin bada ma’anar wani harshe ko karin harshe. Misali

 (Kunɗin mota daga Kano zuwa Kaduna 1000).

6.      Ayar Motsin Rai (!) Ana yin alamar motsin rai ne domin a nuna alamar tsoro ko shan wahala ko fushi ko farin ciki da sauransu. dazarar ana yi amfani da alamar motsin rai abin da zai biyo baya dole a rubuta shi da babban baƙi. Haka a lura ana amfani da wannan alama da dama kamar haka:

·   Kai!

·   Ihu!

                  Hushi: Haka

·     Wuce!

·     Maza!

Murna: Madalla

·     Yauwa!

·     Allahu Akbar!

Alamar motsin rai matsayin aya take, saboda haka duk hukunce-hukuncen aya sun faɗa mata.

4.2 NAƊEWA

Wannan babi na huɗu ya tattauna a kan amfani da babban baƙi in da bai dace ba da amfani da baƙaƙen da ba na Hausa ba da ingausa a wajen rubutun Hausa da amfani da alamomin rubutu ba busa ƙa’ida ba. 

 BABI NA BIYAR: TAƘAITAWA DA KAMMALAWA

5. O SHIMFIƊA

 Wannan babi mai taken taƙaitawa da kammalwa ya ƙunshi taƙaitawa duk kan wannan bincike da a ka gabatar.

5. 1 TAƘAITAWA

Wannan bincike  mai taken saɓa ƙa’idojjin rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan  Hausa ya gudana a cikin babi biyar. Babi na ɗaya ya ƙunshi gabatarwa mai ɗauke da bitar ayyukkan da suka gabata da manufar bincike da hujjar ci gaba da bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike da kuma farfajiyar bincike

         Babi na biyu ya kawo ma’anar fim da kuma rabe-raben fina-finan  Hausa da ma.anar  talla da kuma yadda ake gudanar da taken tallace-tallacen fina-finan Hausa.

      Babi na uku ya tattara  tarihin rubutun Hausa da sauye-sauyen ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa da kuma muhimmancin ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa.

     Babi na huɗu ya yi bayani kan saɓa ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finai da suka haɗa da amfani da babban baƙi  in da  bai dace ba,da amfani da baƙaƙen da ba na Hausa ba,da ingausa a wajen rubutun Hausa ,da rashin amfani da alamomin rubutu.

    Babi na biyar shi ne taƙaitawa da jawabin kammalawar aikin.

5.2 KAMMALAWA

       Wannan aiki mai take “saɓa ƙa’idar rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen wasu fina-finan Hausa” ya fito da tarihin fim da bunƙasar da ke akwai tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa da fina-finan Hausa. Haka ma mun fahimci cewa ‘yan fim sun kasu gida biyu wato ‘yan fim ɗin camama da ‘yan fim sentimental,kuma duk kansu suna ƙarƙashin masana’antar “kannywood” mai hedikwata a garin Kano.

   Da yadda dukkan waɗannan bincike ‘yan fim ke saɓa ƙa’idojin rubutun Hausa a cikin tallace-tallacen fina –finan. Saɓa ƙa’idojin rubutun fim ya danganci wannan binciken zai fitar cewa za su yi ƙoƙarin gyara irin wannan kura-kuran a nan gaba.gyara irin wannan kura-kuran babu shakka zai taimaka wajen bunƙasa Harshen Hausa ta hanya kiyaye ƙai’dar da daidaitaccen tsarin rubutun harshen da aka tanada.        

5.3 NAƊEWA

 Wannan babi na biyar Shi ne na ƙashe wanda ya kawo kammalawa da taƙaitawa.

MANAZARTA

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