Daga
Shafa'atu Salihu Labbo
Abu-Ubaida Sani
Kamar yadda bayani ya gabata, wani lokaci miji yakan ƙaro wa mata abokiyar zama (kishiya) wanda a al’ada da mafi rinjayen addinin Hausawa, kishiya takan kasance daga ɗaya zuwa biyu har zuwa uku, watau mata huɗu ke nan. Kishi wani abu ne da yake a zuciya, watau ɗabi’a ce wadda kusan babu wanda bai da shi, sai dai kishin na wani ya sha bamban da na wani. An fi samun kishi a tsakanin mata, misali ta wajen auratayya, kamar in namiji ya auri mata biyu ko uku zuwa huɗu, to dole ne za a samu kishi tsakaninsu na jin ƙyashi da kuma tserereniya da juna wajen ɗauke hankali da jawo ra’ayin miji. Wani kishin yana da tsafta domin ba a faɗa, wani kuma kishin yakan yi muni, kamar yadda Muhammad (2020 sh. 139) ya bayyana.
Bugu da ƙari,
bisa al’ada, iyalin Hausawa ba kurum sun
ƙunshi matansa da ‘ya’yansa ba ne. A bayanin
Malumfashi (2000 sh. 64), sun haɗa da har ma duk wani wanda yake
a ƙarƙashin ikonsa ko kulawar sa, ko sun haɗa dangantaka ta jini kamar ‘yan’uwansa, ko kuma ba su haɗa ba, kamar agola da sauran yaran gida, kasancewar tsarin
iyalin Hausawa tsari ne mai yaɗo.
Wannan binciken ya yi yunƙurin nazari da kuma tattauna yanayin kishi da ke gudana
tsakanin mazauna gidan Hausawa, ta hanyar amfani da wasu karin magana masu saƙon
kishi a
cikinsu.
Kishi
Tsakanin Kishiyoyi a Karin Magana
Zama tsakanin mace da kishiyarta waɗanda ake kira abokan zaman aure ko kuma kishiyoyi a al’adar
Hausawa, zama ne wanda yake cike da hamayya da ƙyashi da saɓani da rashin jituwa, saboda
mafi yawan mutane suna da ra’ayin cewa, kishi shi ne gishirin zaman mata fiye
da ɗaya a rayuwar gidan aure. Wannan
shi ne abin da ya ke gudana a bakunan Hausawa kaka da kakanni.
A ƙamusun
Hausa (CNHN, 2006 sh. 247), an bayyana ma’anar kishi da cewa: 'Rashin jituwa da
nuna ƙyashi irin wanda matan da ke
auren mutum ɗaya ke yi wa juna”. Aka kuma bayyana
‘kishiya’ da cewa 'ɗaya daga cikin matan da suke
auren mutum guda’.
A ra’ayi wannan littafi, kishi wani abu ne da yake a
zuciya, kuma kusan babu wanda bai da shi, sai dai kuma na wani ya sha bamban da
wani. An fi samun nuna kishi ga mata. Misali ta wajen auratayya, kamar in
namiji ya auri mata biyu ko uku ko huɗu, to dole ne za a samu kishi a
tsakaninsu, Kodayake akan yi kishi mai tsafta, wanda ba a faɗa, sai dai yin tsere da juyayya wajen kyautata wa miji. Wani
kishi kuwa ba shi da kyau, domin ban da fitina da tsokana da faɗace-faɗace da tashin hankali da hana
miji zama lafiya, babu abin da ke cikinsa na madalla ko sambarka. Don haka ne
ake yi wa kishiya kirari da cewar; kishiya ba haushi” watau, ga al’adar
Bahaushe, kishiya na jin haushin kishiyarta. Dalilin kishin ne masana da dama
suka bayyana cewa, ɗabi’ar ‘yan ubanci ta samo tushe
ne, watau daga kishin da yake gudana tsakanin kishiya da kishiya.
Bisa taƙaitawa
ga abin da ya gabata, a nan, kishi na nufin nuna ƙyashi a kan wani saboda wani abu da ya mallaka ko ake
tarayya a kansa ko kuma wata dama ta ɗaukakar rayuwa da ya samu.
Hausawa suna amfani da kalmar kishi a wurare da dama cikin karin maganansu don nuna irin yadda kalmar take
da muhimmanci da tasiri ga rayuwar Hausawa musamman mata, da irin yadda wannan
kalmar ta kishi ta jawo wani ɓangare na wasu karin magana da suka shafi kishiya da
uwar kishiya da ‘ya’yan kishiya har da uwar miji, kamar yadda Koko (2011 sh.
25) ta zayyana.
A wannan gaɓar, an yi nazarin mace da
halayyarta da yanayin ɗabi’arta da ayyukanta a
matsayinta na kishiya ta hanyar amfani da wasu jerin karin magana. Wannan
nazarin ya yi dubi ne ga yadda al’ummar Hausawa suka bayyana ra’ayinsu game da
halayen kishiya masu kyau da maras kyau kamar haka:
1. Mai koda ba ta son mai koda
Wannan karin magana tana nuna muna cewa irin yadda mutum ba
ya son abokin gogayya ko jayayya ko hamayya a fagen aikinsa ko sana’arsa ko
fasaharsa, saboda ɗabi’ar kishi da aka halitta shi
a kanta. A ɗabi’ar mutum yana son ya yi fice
ko shahara a wani fage na baiwa ko wata hikima ko ma wani abu, kuma ba ya son wani ya yi tarayya da shi
a wannan baiwar, musamman kafaɗa da kafaɗa, face ya nuna rashin jin daɗinsa
ga wannan mutum, har ma tana iya kai ga ya ɗaura
ɗamarar yaƙar sa ta hanyar kawar da shi domin kuwa yana kallonsa ne a
matsayin abokin gaba, haka ma kishiya take ganin cewa ‘yar uwarta kishiyar ta zamar mata tarnaƙi a gidan mijinta.
A Ƙamusun Hausa (CNHN, 2005 sh.
248) an bayyana kalmar ‘koda’ da cewa ‘sana’ar dakau ko niƙau, daidai da aikatau’. Saboda haka, kusan kowa ba ya son kishiya, amma kishin
mata shi ne ya fi fitowa a fili.
Ana amfani da wannan karin magana a bayyana cewa mutum ba ya
son kishiya a cikin lamuransa na yau da kullum. Ga al’ada, me ya sa mata suke
da yawan kishi? Amsar ita ce:
2. Kishi kumallon mata, in ya motsa sai an haras
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana cewa, mata ba su iya ɓoye rashin son su ga haɗa miji da wata mace, komai
kirkinta da halin nagartarta. Duk lokacin da kishi ya motsa tsakanin kishiyoyi
sukan koma kamar mahaukata, su yi ta yin abin da bai dace ba. Sau da yawa sukan
sami sauƙin zafin
kishi idan sun yi amfani da jefa wa junansu kare-karen magana (Usman, 2005 sh.
120).
Kishi yakan dami waɗansu mata ainun. To, amma suna
yin ƙoƙari suna ɓoye shi suna nuna kamar bai dame
su ba, su mai da komai ba komai ba ne, sai ranar da wutar kishin ta ruru, sai
gida ya kacame, da rigingimu, maigida ya kasa tsaye ya kasa zaune ganin wutar
rikicin ta mutu. (Yunusa, 1989 sh. 22).
A ƙamusun
Hausa (CNHN, 2006 sh. 252) an bayyana kalmar ‘kumallo da amai mai launin rawaya
wanda akan yi don rashin lafiya ko rashin cin abinci da safe’. Haka kuma, an
bayyana kalmar ‘haras’ da; amaye abin da aka ci ko aka sha’. Daga waɗannan bayanai an fahimci cewa, kishi wata ɗabi’a ce ta halitta wadda idan wata damuwa ta shige ta ko ta
rasa cimma wani guri na rayuwa dole ɗabi’ar sai ta bayyana a fili
kowa ya gane ta kuma ya ji ta. Al’ada ta gudana a kan cewa mace ba ta maraba da
auren kishiya, saboda ire-iren waɗannan karin magana:
3. Zama da kishiya tilas ne, ba don uwar gida na so ba
Hausawa suna da al’adar auren mace fiye da ɗaya, tun kafin zuwan addinin Musulunci. Karin maganar tana
bayyana irin yadda matar farko (uwargida) take ƙyamar shigowar wata mace a gidan aurenta a matsayin
kishiyarta wadda za su riƙa
yin kafaɗa da kafaɗa da ita wajen mu’amala da miji (Usman, 2005 sh. 121-122).
Fahimtar wannan littafin ya fi karkata ne ga karin maganar
da ke cewa; zama da kishiya tilas ne, ba don dukansu (uwargida da amarya) suna
so ba. Wannan shi ya fi zama daidai da ɗabi’ar mata, domin kuwa kamar
yadda uwar gida ba ta son amarya ta shigo mata, haka ita ma amarya ba ta ƙaunar ta isko uwargida. Dukkansu ba mai son ya haɗa miji da wani, kasancewar ba su da tabbacin irin
zamantakewar da za su yi da junansu a wajen mu’amalantar miji. Miji shi ne
babban jigo wanda ake kishi kansa, saboda kuwa, su mata waɗanda suke kallon kansu a matsayin kishiyoyin juna, kishin su
ya ginu ne sanadiyar tarayya da musayar mu’amala irin ta zamantakewa da suke yi
da wannan miji a tsakanin su, hakan yana zame masu wata babbar damuwa da
kowacen su take ganin cewa bai dace ba ta zama tana da abokan tarayya wajen hulɗar ta da miji, kuma take fatar cewa ina ma ace ita kaɗai ce mata a gare shi.
4. Kishin kishiya ba ya hana namiji aure
Wannan karin magana tana nuna cewa duk tsananin kishin nan
na mata da aka bayyana, ba ya hana miji ƙara
aure, matuƙar ya ƙudurci hakan. Da mata za su iya,
da sun daina wannan kishi, amma ina! Ba za su iya ba kasancewarsa ɗabi’a ce wadda aka halitta su da ita, kuma ta gauraya da
jini tare da tsokar jikinsu, kamar yadda za a ga tasirin kishi a ƙunshiyar jerin karin maganan Hausa kamar haka.
5. Mai kishiya ba ta mutuwar Allah
Wannan karin magana tana nuna irin yadda kishi yake cike da
zargi tun daga rayuwar zaman aure har zuwa mutuwar ɗayansu. Karin Maganar ta taskace wata al’ada wadda take
bayyana cewa duk wani abu maras kyau da ya samu mace mai kishiya, akan danganta
shi ga kishiya, ko da rashin lafiya kishiya ta yi ta mutu, sai ka ji ana ƙoƙarin danganta mutuwar da wani aikin da kishiyarta ta yi a
kanta. Hausawa suna da wannan tunani ne, saboda tsananin ƙiyayya da yawan zargi da ke
tsakanin kishiyoyi, da kuma sanin halin da mata ke iya aikatawa ga kishiya.
6. Na shiga zunɗe, kishi da maras hankali
Wannan karin magana tana nuna irin tasirin da kishi ya yi a
wajen zamantakewar matan aure da rashin ƙaunar
kishiya, inda aka ga cewa duk da maras hankali, watau mahaukaciya idan miji ya
auro ta a matsayin kishiya, babu wani sassauci da za ta samu ga wadda ta isko a
gidan, domin kuwa ita ma za a fafata da ita a fagen kishi.
Ana amfani da karin maganar ne domin yin shaguɓe ga kishiya ko kuma tsokanar faɗa.
7. Zugurnugu![1]
Kishi da masu iyaye
Idan aka yi dubi da tsanaki ga ma’anar wannan kalma ta
‘zugurnugu’ sannan aka yi nazarinta da kyau, za a fahimci cewa; mata suna tsoro
ko fargaba da yin kishi da masu iyaye, kasancewar masu iyaye iyayensu za su riƙa ba su gudunmawa da kuma wani
taimako da suke buƙata wajen ƙara masu ƙarfi da nau’o’in kayan faɗan da za su ci gaba
da yaƙar kishiyarsu ta kowane hali.
8. Kishiya mai ban haushi, ana ganin ki akan zagi miji!
Duk da yake mata suna ƙyashi
kuma suna ƙyamar
kishiya, amma ba yadda suka iya. Dole ne uwargida ta miƙa wuya ga hakan, idan har aka yo
mata kishiya. Wasu lokutan miji yakan auro kishiya ne domin kawai ya muzguna wa
uwargida, saboda haka ake jin haushin ta sosai, kuma kusan duk lokacin da aka
haɗu da ita ko aka gan ta, hakan
yakan haifar da a zagi miji saboda haushin da take ba abokiyar zamanta. (Usman,
2005 sh. 121).
Ga al’ada irin ta kishi tsakanin kishiyoyi, duk yanayin da
aka ga kishiya a cikin sa, akan danganta shige shi ne sanadiyar mijinta, hakan kuwa yakan faru ne, saboda
yawan zargi da ƙyashi da
ke tsakanin su, don haka idan kishiya ta ga kishiya tana cikin farin ciki hakan
yana iya zama dalilin zagin miji ko kuma ta ga ta sami wani cigaba ga rayuwa ta
hanya daban-daban, wannan ma yana kawo zagi ga miji.
9. Da me zan ji? Ga mutuwar uwa an yo min kishiya
Wannan karin magana ya daidaita tsakanin raɗaɗin shigowar kishiya gida da raɗaɗin da ake ji idan uwa ta mutu. A
nan, mace tana juyayin cewa cikin matsalolin biyu wace matsala ta fi ɗaci? Da a ce uwar tana raye da za ta taimaka wajen sauƙaƙa damuwar da ‘yarta za ta shiga lokacin shagulgulan bikin kishiyarta. Uwar
za ta ba da shawara, kuma ta ɗora ta a kan hanyar da ta dace,
amma ga shi uwar ba ta nan, hakan ya haifar da katafaren giɓi. Babu yadda za ta yi ban da ta amince da abin da al’umma
ta tasirantu da shi na auren mata fiye da ɗaya (Usman, 2005:122-123). Ana
amfani da wannan karin magana ne a lokacin da aka shiga halin tsaka mai wuya.
Wannan karin magana,
mace ce take juyayi tare da nuna damuwarta a kan rasa wani ginshiƙi,
kuma tudun dafawa a gareta, a wurin cimma wasu buƙatocinta na rayuwa, kuma kwatsam sai ga shi a lokacin ɗaya wani abu da take ganin matsala ce babba da kuma barazana
ga rayuwarta ya same ta a rana ɗaya, a kan haka ne take nazarin auna waɗannan musibu guda biyu da suka same ta da cewa shin wai da wane za
ta ji, domin ana kukan targaɗe sai ga karaya ta zo.
10. Na ga abin da ya ishe ni, kishiya tara rana ɗaya
Wannan karin maganar ta fitar muna fili, ɓaro-ɓaro a bayyane yadda mata suke
tsananin ƙin
shigowar kishiya a gida, musamman idan kishiyoyi suka yawaita rigingimu da
rikita-rikita za su yawaita kasancewar kishi yakan fi tsananta gwargwadon yawan
kishiyoyin da suke tarayya ga miji ɗaya. Ba mamaki wannan karin
magana tun na lokacin Maguzanci ne domin Hausawa, ba sa wuce auren mata huɗu, a lokaci guda, kasancewar addinin Musulunci ya haɗiye kaso mai yawa na al’adarsu. Saboda haka, cewar da aka yi
kishiya tara, an yi amfani da salon kambamawa ne kawai, ga kishiyar da take
tsananin tsoron sharrinta.
Ana amfani da wannan karin magana idan ana son a bayyana
cewa wasu abubuwa marasa
daɗi sun afka wa mutum a lokaci ɗaya.
11. Azarangaɗi, muguwar kishiya
Wannan yana daga cikin karin maganan da ake ginawa tare da
amfani da wasu kalmomi waɗanda ba a tantance ma’anarsu ba
a Hausa. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan kalmomi don ƙara wa zance armashi da nuna
gwanintar harshe ta amfani da sautin da zai dace da saƙon karin maganar (Koko 2011 sh. 47).
Da jin kalmar ‘Azarangaɗi’ za a fahimci cewa, wani sauti
ne da yake bayyana muna siffar wata kishiya mai mugun hali wadda ake tsoron
sharrinta da muguntarta.
12. Cin tuwon kishiya ramko
Ga al’adar Hausawa, matan da suke kishiyoyi suna gudanar da
girki (dafa abincin da mutanen gida suke ci) ta hanyar karɓa – karɓa, kwana biyu- biyu ko ɗaya - ɗaya bisa ga yarjejeniyar da suka
ƙulla a tsakaninsu ko da mijinsu.
Saboda haka, duk kishiyar da aka dafa wa abinci ta ci a yau, to ta yi shirin
yin nata girkin gobe ko jibi. (Usman, 2005 sh. 125).
Karin magana ya taskace al’adar nan ta girki da rabon kwanan
aure a ƙasar
Hausa. Haka kuma, duk wani abu na rashin jin daɗi
da kishiya ta yi ga abokiyar zamanta, ta kwana da shirin za ta mayar mata da
wani abu kwatankwacinsa. Ana amfani da wannan karin magana wajen bayyana al’ada
ko ɗabi’ar nan ta cuɗe-ni-in-cuɗe-ka da ba-ni-in-ba-ka.
13. Kowa da kiwon da ya karɓe shi, kishiyar mai akuya ta
sayi kura
Wannan karin magana ɓaro-ɓaro tana ɗauke da saƙon mugunta da yakan faru
tsakanin kishiyoyi. Kowa ya san cewa akuya da kura dabbobi ne da ba za su haɗu a wuri ɗaya a zauna lafiya ba, amma duk
da haka kishiyar mai akuya ta sayi kura wadda ita ga al’ada ba dabbar da matan
aure suke kiwo ba ce, domin kawai ta cutar da abokiyar zamanta da kuma neman fitina. A nan, ana nufin duk
wani abu da abokiyar zama ba ta
son sa a rayuwa, kishiya tana iya ɗaukar sa abin so ta kuma riƙe shi sosai, saboda ta san ba zai taɓa samar da zaman lafiya
tsakaninta da kishiyarta ba. Akan yi haka ne, ganin cewa kowane a cikinsu yana
da ‘yanci ko iko na ya yi wani abu wanda tsarin zamantakewar aure ya ba shi dama. Don haka, sai
mace ta yi amfani da irin wannan dama domin ta muzgunawa abokiyar zamanta. Ana
amfani da wannan karin magana, idan ana son a nuna bambancin ra’ayi ga kowane
al’amari.
14. Zuƙwi, doron kishiya
Wannan karin magana tana daga cikin karin maganan tsokana ta fuskar halitta
ta hanyar amfani da kalma mai nuna gwanintar harshe. A ƙamusun Hausa na (CNHN, 2006:495)
an nuna cewa kalmar ‘Zuƙwi’ daidai take da kalmar ‘buƙui’ inda aka bayyana kalmar ‘buƙui’ a
(CNHN, 2006: 52) da ‘Wani abu mai burtsowa’ haka kuma a (CNHN 2006:52) an bayyana kalmar ‘buƙwi-
buƙwi’
da cewa ‘kalma mai sifanta tafiyar mai ƙusumbi’. Don haka, wannan karin maganar ɓaro-ɓaro tana bayyana suka ne da ake
yi da kuma tsokana tsakanin kishiyoyi. Wannan akwai alaƙa tsakanin karin magana da ke
cewa:
15. Allah suturu buƙui, inji kishiyar mai doro
Wannan karin magana tana ƙunshe da gugar-zana da tsintsar tsokana. Allah shi ne wanda
Musulmai suke bauta wa, suturi na nufin sutura, wadda kalmar larabci ce, wato
tufa ko tufatar da wani ko wata ko kuma wani abu, buƙui alama ta doro ce, wato yadda
yake zaune a baya kamar goyo. Kishiya kuwa ita ce abokiyar zama a gidan miji
mai mace fiye da ɗaya. Doro kuwa wani ciwo ne da
ke sa baya ya kasance da tarin tsoka, mai kama da tozon raƙumi ko shanu. Wannan karin
magana, tsokana ce ta hanyar shaguɓe da kishiya ke wa kishiya na
nuna mata cewa wai tana tausaya mata ga wani makasa ko cikas da ya sameta, kuma ya
bayyana a fili yadda kowa yana iya ganinsa tare da yi mata fatan Allah mai ikon
waraka da wannan damuwa ya rufa mata asiri kuma ya yaye mata.
16. Haka tara inji kishiyar mai mageduwa
A ƙamusun
Hausa (CNHN, 2006 sh. 316) an bayyana ma’anar kalmar ‘mageduwa’ da cewa, ‘wani irin ciwo da
yake cinye ‘yan yatsun ƙafa
mai faruwa a dalilin cizon wani ƙwaro
mai suna ‘mageɗuwa’. Wanan karin magana shaguɓe
ne ga kishiya mai wannan ciwo na rasa yatsu. Saboda haka, wasu Hausawa cewa
suke; haka tara, inji kishiyar mai yatsu tara’ domin kawai a ɓata mata rai.
17. Haka ratata, inji kishiyar mai ‘ya’ya tara
Wannan karin magana tana nuni ne ga tsokana da gugar zana da
ake samu tsakanin kishiya da abokiyar zamanta musamman wadda ta tara 'ya'ya da
yawa a gidan sakamakon gwarne, watau ɗaukar ciki kafin yaye na goye.
Saboda hasada da kushe ne suka sa kishiyar mai ‘ya’ya tara ta bayyana kishinta
da cewa ‘haka ratata’ (Muhammad 2003 sh. 36).
18. Ba zafi, barkonon taro a idon kishiya
Kome ƙarancin
barkono (yaji) yana da zafi a ido, amma tun da yake a idon kishiya ne, ba wani
abun damuwa ba ne, kasancewar kishiya ba ta yi wa kishiyarta fatar alheri,
kusan koyaushe tana yi mata mummunar fata. Kishiya takan yi amfani da karin
maganar domin ta fusata kishiyarta a yi faɗa ko cacar baka (Usman, 2005 sh.
122). A ƙamusun
Hausa (CNHN, 2006 sh. 429) an bayyana ‘taro’ da cewa’ Kuɗi mai darajar kwabo uku a zamanin sulai da kwabo kafin zuwan
Naira. Akwai mamaki ƙwarai a
yadda wasu mata suka ɗauki kishiyoyinsu manyan maƙiya. Saboda irin wannan zafin
kishin ne zai sa mace ta ce barkono har na taro (wanda kuɗi ne masu yawa a wancan zamanin) ba shi da zafi a ido, amma
idon kishiya (Yunusa, 1989 sh. 83).
Wannan yana nuna cewa, duk wani abu na rashin jin daɗi da ake ganin kishiya ta yi wa kishiya, ba ta ganin girma
ko nauyin abun da ta yi. A ganinta mene ne aibin wannan abin, saboda ita ma tana yi mata abubuwa
masu zafi wanda suka wuce zafin barkono.
19. Rashin aiki, ta da kishiya daga barci
Wannan karin magana tana nuna wani salon tsananin kishi
wanda ake ganin cewa mace ta tayar da kishiyarta daga barci. Wani rashin aikin
yi ne ga mace kawai yake sa ta yi hakan, madadin haka ta bar ta ta yi ta sharar
barcinta saboda mugunta. Wato kishiya tana ganin rashin aikin yi ne kaɗai zai sa a kama ma kishiya aiki, ko kuma a lurar da ita
wani abu da ta sha’afa game da shi. A tunanin kishiyoyi, idan aka ga kishiya ta manta da abin da
ya kamata ta aiwatar, kamata ya yi a ƙyaleta.
Tunatar da ita rashin aikin yi ne musamman ga kishiyar da ke yin haka.
20. Aiki inda kishiya ba ya gudu
Ga al’ada kishiyoyi suna zaune wuri ɗaya kuma sukan gudanar da ayyuka tare. A mahangar al’umma,
idan aka ƙarfafa
guiwar kishiyoyi da gudanar da ayyuka tare, hakan zai sa su fahimci juna, su
kuma zauna lafiya. Sai dai zahirin karin maganar na nuna cewa gudanar da
ayyukan tare ba ya da wani amfani ko taimako, saboda kawai a rura wutar kishi
(Usman, 2005:123).
Ana amfani da wannan karin magana a nuna cewa aiki tare da
kishiya ba abin so ba ne, sai dai idan ya zama tilas.
21. Tallar kai, sata ɗakin
kishiya
Wannan karin maganar tana bayyana cewa duk kishiyar da ta yi
sata a ɗakin kishiyarta, wannan mata ta
kai ga ƙololuwar
fallasa, domin kuwa asirinta zai fi bayyana lungu-lungu, saƙo- saƙo, fiye da wadda ta yi sata a
wani wuri na daban. Al’adar Hausawa, a mafi yawan
lokuta akan kalli kishiya a matsayin mai bibiyar kishiyarta da sharri, kamar
yadda aka gani a karin
maganan da suka gabata. Haka kuma, nuna kasawa ne kishiya ta yi wani abu da
bai dace ba a gaban
kishiyoyinta ko ma a ɗakinta.
Yin haka zai jawo mata rashin ƙima
da tozarci a zamantakewarsu.
22. Mulkin mallaka biyan bashi da ɗakin kishiya
Wannan karin maganar tana bayyana cewa, saboda raini da fin ƙarfin kishiya, har ya kai ga
kishiyarta ta yi biyan bashi da kayan ɗakin kishiyarta, domin ta mayar
da ita ba kowa ba. Baya ga haka, karin maganar na nuna, idan kishiya ta rena
abokiyar zamanta, to za ta juya ta tare da duk wani abu da ta mallaka ta hanyar
sarrafa su daidai da abin da take da cikakken iko kansa.
23. Wada da wadaƙa, ta da
kai da kishiya
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana cewa saboda wadata da kuma
samun dama, kishiya ta ɗora kanta da za ta yi barci a
saman jikin kishiyarta a matsayin matashin kanta (Filo). Kishiyoyi suna amfani
da wannan karin magana don shaguɓe da tsokana. Wannan shi ma, yana
nuna isar kishiya na samun mallakar kishiyarta wurin yin amfani da ita ga
ayyukan gida, da duk wasu abubuwa da take so, saboda ta fi ta gata, ta mallake
ta, ta fi ƙarfinta
babu yadda za ta yi da ita.
24. Ikon gwatse, kishiya hana kishiya amsa waƙar miji
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana yadda wasu kishiyoyi idan
suka samu dama suke hana kishiyoyinsu sakat da kuma rawar gaban hantsi a gidan
miji.
25. Ikon mallaka, hana kishiyar tari ko tana mura
Wannan karin magana tana nuna cewa, irin karfin ikon da ke
da kishiya a gidan mijinta, wanda har tana da ikon hana wasu abubuwa da ke
faruwa a gidan mijin ko ta yi wani hukunci wanda maigidan ya kamata ya zartar
da shi, amma saboda karfin ikonta, duk abin da ta zartar ya zartu. Kamar dai
Bora da Mowa. Wannan kamar wadda ta gabata ne, hana wa kishiya walwala a gidan
mijinta.
26. Magana ba mai ƙarewa ba, an sai da akuyar
kishiya an sai wa amarya zane
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana muna tsananin kishin mata,
musamman ma dai amarya wadda ba su riga suka shaƙu da juna ba. Saboda haka, idan har miji ya ƙwari uwargida don kawai ya
kyautata wa amarya, haƙiƙa ya ɓamɓaro magana mai tsawo wadda za a
daɗe ba a bar tattauna ta ba. Ita
wannan karin magana tana nuni ne a kan cewa, matuƙar
ana son samun zaman lafiya mai ɗorewa tsakanin kishiyoyi, to kar
a yi amfani da
wani abu mallakar kishiya a sarrafa shi ta hanyar amfanin kishiyarta, ko kuma
wani abu da zai kawowa kishiyar ci gaba matuƙar ana son kauce wa mita da jinini.
27. Dabara ƙafa, inji kishiyar gurguwa
Wannan karin magana shaguɓe
ce ga kishiyar da take da wani rauni ko tawaya wajen cimma wani guri a rayuwa.
Gurguwa mace ce wadda ƙafafunta
ba su da lafiyar da za su yi mata wata cikakkiyar moriya, ga shi kuma an ce
dabara ta rage ga wanda ke da ƙafa.
28. Da alheri, kishiya ta hau kura da dare
Kusan koyaushe ba a yi wa kishiya fatar alheri. Saboda haka
duk abin da ya faru da ita ko ya same ta komai illarsa komai haɗarinsa. yakan zama abin farin ciki da sambarka ga
kishiyoyinta. Wannan ya sa duk da haɗarin da ke tattare da kura, amma
ba a tausaya wa kishiya da ta yi izgilin hawan ta ba, balle a yi mata fatar
sauka lafiya. (Usman, 2005 sh. 121).
29. Da alheri, kishiya ta taɓi kishiya da bakin wuta
Shi ma wannan karin maganar kamar wanda ya gabace shi ne, watau dai komai girman
matsalar da ta shafi kishiya, suna ganin wani abin alheri ne a gare su. (Usman,
2005 sh. 124). Dalilin tsananin kishi da ƙeta
ya sa mace ta taɓi kishiyarta da bakin wuta, amma
ta ce, wai ta taɓe ta da alheri (Muhammad, 2003
sh. 36). A wani lafazin wasu Hausawa sukan yi amfani da wata kalma ta girmamawa
a ce; Yaya, na taɓe ki da alheri, kishiya ta taɓi kishiya da bakin wuta. Duk wani aiki mai muni ko na jin
zafi da yake bayyana a zahiri ko ƙunshe
cikin karin magana, wanda kishiya ce take aiwatar da shi ga abokiyar zama, ana
ganin wannan abu ba komai ba ne. Dalili shi ne, irin abubuwan da ake yi mata ke nan, ko irinsa take sa ran za a
yi mata, wanda ta saba da gani da ji daidai da aikin ƙwarai.
30. Me na iya da abin da ya gagari wuta? Inji kishiyar ƙonanniya
Yaya zan yi da abin da ya gagari wuta? Inji kishiyar ƙonanniya. Wannan karin magana
tana bayyana mugunta da shaguɓe da tsokana a tsakanin
kishiyoyi. Mace ce wuta ta ƙone
mata jiki, iyakar musiba kuwa ke nan da ya kamata a tausaya wa wadda ta shafa,
amma saboda tsananin kishi har kishiyarta tana ganin bai dace ba a ce wutar ba
ta ƙone ta ƙurmus ta huta da ita ba, domin
laifinta ya cancanci abin da ya wuce hakan. Manufar wannan karin magana ita ce
shaguɓe ga kishiyar da wuta ta ƙone don a bayyana ta a matsayin
babbar mai laifi (zunubi) (Usman, 2005 sh. 124).
A wannan karin maganar an nuna cewa wannan magana ta faru ne
a tsakanin kishiya da kishiya, inda aka nuna cewa, ɗaya kishiyar ta taɓa yin gobara ta ƙone, sai dai ba ta mutu ba.
Saboda haka, duk lokacin da kishin ya motsa, ita kishiyar kan jefa wannan
magana don ta ɓata mata rai. Misali; ta ce, ni ɓata lokaci ma nake yi, tun da wuta ma ta ci ta bari, ni me
zan iya yi (Malumfashi, 2014: 98). Don haka zan iya cewa, saboda tsananin kishi
da kishiya ke yi wa yar uwarta har ya kai ba tausayi tsakanin su, saboda
tsananin kishi. Ita dai kishiya a koyaushe an ɗauketa
a matsayin wata abar ƙi
wadda tsakanin ta da abokiyar zamanta, kawai ƙiyayya ce tsakanin su, ba tausayawa, ba aminci, haka kuma
idan abu ya haɗa su ba batun haƙuri ko yafiya a tsakaninsu. Dalilin
bayanin da ya gabata, wasu Hausawa cewa suke yi; yaya na iya da kingin wuta,
inji kishiyar ƙonanniya.
31. Da zaman banza gara aikin kishiya
Wannan karin maganar tana nuna al’adar nan ta matan Hausawa
ta matsanancin kishin da ke tsakanin mata a ƙasar Hausa. Amma duk da wannan kishin matar Bahaushe ta
yarda da faɗin da zaman banza gara aikin
kishiya (Malumfashi 2000 sh. 4). Saboda muhimmancin da Bahaushe ya ba wa
tattalin arziki, ya sa duk da matsanancin kishin da ke tsakanin kishiyoyi a ƙasar Hausa, matar Bahaushe ta
amince da hakan. Ga al’ada da ɗabi’ar mata, ana kallon kishiya
a matsayin wadda ba ta da muhimmanci ko amfani, saboda haka ne aka danganta ta
da zaman banza. Akan yi amfani da wannan karin magana don a harzuƙa kishiya zuwa ga faɗa (Usman, 2005 sh. 123).
Wannan karin maganar tana daga cikin karin maganan da suke zaburar da
mutane da kuma sa masu ƙaimi na su tashi daga zaman banza,
su samu wani aiki, komai ƙanƙantar muhimmancinsa, su yi. A
wannan hali, a iya cewa, ita dai kishiya kurarta ta rigaya ta yi kukan akan ɓacin suna.Duk wani abu da aka ɗauko
ko kishiya ta ɗauko za ta yaɓa wa
yar uwarta ne ta kishi, haka kuma za a riƙa
jin kalamai waɗanda ba su dace ba duk tana jefa mata.
Ita wannan karin magana tana nuni ne a kan cewa; komai lalacewar mutum ko jin kasalar jikinsa, ya kamata ya tashi
ya nemi na kansa ko dan ya kore wa
bakinsa ƙuda, wato
komai
lalacewar aiki in dai
za ka samu to gwara ka tashi
ka yi, ya fi ka zauna kana jiran tsammanin
warabbuka, “Malam ya ƙi noma don zakka”.
32. Ko miye daɗinki da kishiya, inji babbar ƙawar amarya
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana yadda wasu makusanta ko
dangin mace waɗanda suke da kusanci ko danganta
da ita a kan bijire wa kishiyarta da suke zaman lafiya da ita, ta hanyar ƙirƙirar karan tsana su ɗora mata domin a tsunduma ta cikin
al’adar kishi. Ke nan,
wani kishi yana samuwa daga ƙawaye,
masu kawo ziyara gidan amare.
A nan, babbar ƙawar
amarya ce ta ga ƙawarta
(abokiyarta) tana kyakkyawan zamantakewa da uwargidanta, maimakon ta ji daɗin haka, sai ta ɓuge da zuga zuwa ga rufe shafin
kyakkyawar zamantakewa da buɗe shafin mummunan kishi.
33. Ban ce a mutu ba, ban ce a warke ba, ciwon kishiya a yi
ta lalacewa kan gado
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana zazzafan kishi da rashin
tausayi ga wasu mata, inda a nan kishiya ce ba ta da lafiya, maimakon abokiyar
zamanta ta tausaya mata da yi mata fatar samun sauƙi, idan ciwon mai warkewa ne da
kuma yi mata addu’ar neman kyakkyawar cikawa, idan
ciwo ba mai barin ta ba ne. To amma saboda mugun kishi sai take yi mata fatar
kada ta samu waraka daga lalurar ciwon, kuma kada ta mutu don kada ta huta daga
wahala, ta fi son ta ci gaba
da rayuwa cikin wahala tana lalacewa a kan gado kullum. Kishiyar da ake neman
taimakonta a kan wata matsala da kishiyarta ta afka wa, takan iya yin amfani da
wannan karin magana (Usman, 2005 sh. 126).
34. Abin kamar bi ta da ƙulli, bin kabarin kishiya
Wannan karin magana tana bayyana cewa duk da yake kishiya ta
mutu har an binne ta a ƙabari,
amma kishiyarta ba ta zauna lafiya ba, har sai da ta yi takakkiya zuwa ƙabarinta da tsakiyar rana. Ana
amfani da wannan karin magana a yi bayani a kan duk wanda idan wutar rikici ta
lafa, sai ya yi ƙoƙarin tona ta (Usman, 2005 sh. 124).
35. “Bi ta da ƙulli, bugun kabarin kishiya da
muciya”, (Koko 15 & 26).
Ita ma wannan karin maganar kamar wadda ta gabace ta ne,
bambanci kawai shi ne, an tafi da abin bugu, watau ‘muciya’ kuma an bugi ƙabarin, saboda haka fitinar ta
fi tsananta a nan. Irin wannan bi ta da ƙulli
tsakanin kishiyoyi, yana nuna ko bayan mutuwar kishiya, ana yin kishi da ‘ya’yanta da danginta da abokanta,
da abokan hulɗarta.
[1] Wannan kalma ta zugurnugu tana
nufin wani babban al’amari ko wani tarin abu mai yawa wanda zai yi wa mutum
wahalar ɗauka.
Manazarta
Labbo, S.S. & Sani, A-U. (2025). Aure a ƙunshiyar karin magana. Amsoshi Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-1-257-07209-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19513449
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