Hakkin Rikon Yaro Bayan Rabuwar Aure

𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀❓

Assalamu Alaikum. Mal. Barka da yau da fatan kana lafiya. Tambayata ita ce shin idan mutum ya rabu da matarshi sannan akwai 'ya'ya tsakaninsu shin wa keda hakkin rike yaran domin kula da tarbiyarsu? Bayan haka ita matar ta yi aure sannan shi miji bai gamsu da yana yin natsuwarta ba. Na gode. a huta lfy.

HAƘƘIN RIƘON YARO BAYAN RABUWAR AURE

𝐀𝐌𝐒𝐀❗️

Wa alaikumus salam wa rahmatullah.

Shi hakkin rikon yaro bayan rabuwar aure yana wuyan mahaifiyar yaron ne, mutukar dai ba'a samu wata matsalar da za ta hana ita uwar ɗaukar dawainiyar kulawa da yaron ba.

Dalilin da yasa ake fara gabatar da uwa fiye da uban yaro awannan matakin saboda ita uwa tafi uban yaro sanin halayensa da kuma hanyar da za ta bi wajen tarbiyyantar da yaron bisa kyawawar dabi'a.

Kuma ita uwa tafi uban yaro nuna tausayi da tausasawa da soyayya da haƙuri da juriya wajen ɗaukar wahalhalun kulawa da rayuwar yaro. Misali kamar irinsu wanka da wanki da ɗaukar yaro zuwa duk inda zataje.

Sayyiduna Abdullahi bn Amr bn Al aas (Allah ya yarda dasu) ya ruwaito cewa "Wata mata tazo wajen Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam sai ta ce masa "Ya Rasulallahi wannan yarona ne. Cikina ya kasance shi ne wajen ɗaukarsa (Madaukinsa) Kan cinyata ya kasance shi ne matattarinsa, kuma nonona ya kasance shi ne abin shansa, amma yanzu kuma mahaifinsa (wato mijina wanda muka rabu) ya zo yana raya cewar zai kwaceshi daga gareni". Sai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ya ce mata "ke kika fi chanchanta da rikeshi, mutukar bakiyi aure ba". Imamu Ahmad da Abu Dawud da Baihaƙiy da Hakim ne suka ruwaitoshi.

Amma akwai sharudan da shari'a ta shimfida kafin ita kanta uwar ta chanchanta da rikon yaron. Daga cikin sharudan nan akwai:

1. HANKALI: Matar da ta samu taɓuwar hankali bata chanchanta a bar mata rikon yaro ko yara ba.

2. IKON BAYAR DA TARBIYYAH: Idan uwar ta kasance ita kanta bata da tarbiyyah, to bata chanchanta da rikon yaro ba, domin ita kanta bata da tarbiyyah ballantana har ta bayar.

3. RIKON AMANA DA KYAWUN HALAYE: Idan ta kasance fasiƙa ko barauniya, ko mai bayyanar da ayyukan saɓon Allah, to bata chanchanta abar mata rikon yaro ba.

4. MUSULUNCI: mafiya rinjayen maluman musulunci sun tafi akan cewa bai halatta abar wa mace kafira tarbiyyar yaro Ƙarami ba.

5. 'YANCI: Bai halatta ga mace baiwa ta rike yaro Ƙarami ba, saboda rashin isassun lokutan kulawa da rayuwar yaron.

6. RASHIN YIN AURE: Idan ta yi aure to shikenan hakkin kulawa da yaron ya faɗi daga kanta.

Idan ta kasance kamar yadda ka faɗa cewar baka gamsu da yana yin tatbiyyarta ba, to abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne abar yaron akarkashin kulawar kakarsa ta ɓangaren uwa, ko 'yar uwar mahaifiyar yaron.

WALLAHU A'ALAM.

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Wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin fatahowin Musulunci da aka gina su kan Ƙur’ani da Hadisan Manzon Allah (SAW) waɗanda ake samu a shafukan Tambayoyi da Amsoshi na Sheik Malam Khamis Yusuf a Facebook, Telegram, da WhatsApp. Za ku iya bibiyar shafukansa domin karanta ƙarin fatawowi.

HAƘƘIN RIƘON YARO BAYAN RABUWAR AURE

Wa alaikumus salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.

Asalin hukuncin shari’a shi ne:

1. UWA ce ke da haƙƙin riƙon yaro bayan saki

Idan an rabu da aure, uwar yaro ita ce tafi cancanta ta riƙe shi domin kula da shi, saboda:

• ita ce tafi sanin halayen yaron,

• ita ce tafi tausayi, haƙuri, juriya da iya tarbiyya,

• ita ce tafi jiran wahala da hidimar yaro.

Manzon Allah ﷺ ya yi hukunci ga wata mata cewa:

“Ke kika fi cancantar rikeshi muddin baki yi aure ba.”

(Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawud)

2. Amma akwai sharuɗɗan da dole uwa ta cika kafin ta samu wannan haƙƙi

(a) Ta kasance mai cikakken hankali

Idan akwai tabin hankali ko rashin daidaito, ba a ba ta riƙon yaro.

(b) Ta kasance mai tarbiyya da kiyaye addini

Wadda ba ta da tarbiyya ko mai bayyanar da fiskanci ba ta cancanta.

(c) Ta kasance amintacciya ce

Ba mai barna, sata, lalata da sauransu.

(d) Ta kasance Musulma ce

Malamai da dama sun ce ba a barin yaro ƙarami a hannun kafira idan uban Musulmi ne.

(e) Ba ta yi aure ba

Idan ta sake aure – kamar yadda ka ambata – da wannan haƙƙin riƙon yaro ya fice daga hannunta, sai dai in mijin da ta aura ba zai cutar da yaron ba ko zai yarda ya zauna da ita da yaron.

Yawancin malamai suna cewa aure na biyu yana ɗauke wa mace haƙƙin riƙon yaro, saboda:

• sabon miji yawanci ba ya ƙaunar ɗaukar dawainiyar yaro ba nasa ba,

• hakan yana iya haifar da cutuwa ga yaron ko rashin tarbiyya.

3. To idan uwa ta yi aure kuma uban yaro bai yarda da tarbiyyarta ba?

A irin wannan yanayi:

• uban yaro shi ya fi cancanta, idan yana iya tarbiyya da kula da shi.

• Idan uban yana aiki ko ba shi da lokacin tarbiyya, to kakarsa ta ɓangaren uwa ko ’yar uwar mahaifiyar yaron su ne suka fi cancanta.

Saboda su sun fi kusa da yaron, kuma basa cutar da halinsa.

KARSHEN HUKUNCI

A matsayinka na uba:

• idan matar ka ta sake aure ta rasa haƙƙin riƙo,

• idan kuma kai baka yarda da tarbiyyar sabon mijinta ba, to yana cikin haƙƙinka ka karɓi riƙon yaron, bisa shari’a.

Amma dole ka tabbata:

• zaka iya kula da yaron,

• zaka bayar da tarbiyya ta gari,

• za ka ba shi kulawa, soyayya da nusarwa.