Wakokin Shata a Shirye-Shiryen Rediyo

Citation: Garba S.A. (2024). Waƙoƙin Shata a Shirye-shiryen Rediyo. Ginshiƙin Nazarin Salon Waƙoƙin Hausa, 270-279. www.doi.org/10.36349/djhs.2024.v03i01.033.

WAƘOƘIN SHATA A SHIRYE-SHIRYEN REDIYO

Sabi’u Alhaji Garba

No. 47, Titin Tafida, Ƙaramar Hukumar Mulkin Bukkuyum, Jahar Zamfara

Tsakure:

Danganataka a tsakanin gidajen rediyo da waƙoƙin baka abu ce da ta daɗe a ƙasar Hausa. A kan haka ne wannan takarda ta ƙudiri anniyar binciko matsayin Alhaji Mamman Shata da waƙoƙinsa a wasu fitattun gidajen rediyo. An yi wannan binciken ne ta hanya lura da shirye-shiryen gidajen rediyon inda aka taskace shiraruwa guda ashirin da ake samun shata da waƙoƙinsa  a cikinsu. Haka kuma an nazarci ayyukan da suka shafi shata da rayuwarsa ta waƙa. A ƙarshe takardar ta gano  irin yadda aka samar da rediyo a nahiyar Afirka da Najieriya da Arewacin Najeriya da yadda rediyon ya tasirantu da waƙoƙin Hausa. Mun ga yadda aka tabbatar da kasantuwar waƙoƙin Shata tun kafin kafuwar gidan rediyo a ƙasar Hausa da yadda rediyon ya ƙara yaɗa waƙoƙin Shata.Bugu da ƙari, an fito da irin shirye-shiryen rediyo da ke gabatar da waƙoƙin Shata kacokan da ma waɗanda waƙoƙin nasa kan fito tare da na wasu mawaƙan. Wani muhimmin abu da wannan takarda ta fito da shi fili shi ne irin gudunmawar da rediyo ke bayarwa wajen adana da taskace waƙoƙi. Euba (1976:29) ya tantace rediyo a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin taskace waƙoƙi.

Fitilun Kalmomi: Alhaji Mamman Shata, Shirye-shirye, Gidajen rediyo

Gabatarwa

Tarihin kafuwar rediyo a ƙasashen Afirka na da tsawo ta yadda idan an ce a kawo shi a wannan gajerar takarda zai ci fili da yawa,  kuma ya zama maimai. Idan an duba waɗannan ayyuka: Mytton (1996) da Mytton (ba shekara (b.s) da Spitulnik (2004) da Larkin (2008) za a samu cikakken bayani. Dangane da shigowar rediyo a Najeriya, a dubi aikin Ladele (1979). Idan kuma ana maganar samuwar shirye-shiryen Hausa a rediyo, a dubi Garba (2013) da Garba (2014a) da Garba (2016) domin sanin matsayin rediyo a al’ummar Hausawa da kuma Garba (2018) domin sanin adadin gidajen rediyo da ke amfani da harshen Hausa a faɗin duniya inda ya tabbatar da samuwar gidajen rediyo ɗari huɗu da hamsin da biyar (455). Yanzu haka, adadin ya ƙaru. Daga lokacin da aka gudanar da wancan aiki zuwa yau, a ƙiyasce, an samu ƙarin kimanin gidajen rediyo hamsin (50) ko ma fiye. A Kano kaɗai, an samu ƙarin gidajen rediyo kusan goma kamar: Aminci Rediyo, Gurantee Rediyo, Liberty Rediyo, Muhasa Rediyo da Jalla Rediyo da Nasara Rediyo da Kanawa Rediyo da sauransu. Rediyon TRT ya ƙara adadin gidajen rediyon ƙasashen waje da ke amfani da harshen Hausa.

Waƙa tsararriyar maganar hikima ce da ta ƙunshi saƙo cikin zaɓaɓɓun kalmomin da aka auna domin maganar ta reru ba faɗuwa kurum ba (Yahaya 1997). Ita kuma waƙa, sai da salo domin shi ne asirin waƙa (Yahaya 2001). Idan ba shi, sai ta zamo lami, miya ba gishiri. Salo yana nufin duk wata dabara ko hanya a cikin waƙa wadda aka bi domin isar da saƙo. Ita wannan dabara ko hanya tana yi wa waƙa kwalliya ta yadda saƙon waƙar zai isa ga mai sauraro (Yahaya 2001:3). Masana sun kasa waƙa zuwa gida biyu: ta baka da kuma rubutatta. A wannan aiki, za a karkata ne a kan waƙar baka. Waƙar baka kamar yadda Gusau (2003:xiii) ya fada, “wani zance ne shiryayye cikin hikima da azanci da yake zuwa gaba-gaba bisaƙa’idojin tsari da daidaitawa, a rere cikin sautin murya da amsa-amo na kari da kida, sau da yawa kuma a tare da amshi”.

Wannan takarda ta mayar da hankali kacokan wajen nazarin waƙoƙin Mamman Shata a shirye-shiryen rediyo. Gusau (2018:xv) ya ce, “Mamman Shata Katsina mawaƙin baka ne, fasihi,masanin waƙa a jini da tsoka, mai hikima ta sarrafa kalmomi a matsayin saƙonni cikin zubi da raujin na waƙa”. Domin Samun cikakken tarihi Mamman Shata a dubi ayukan Abdulƙadir (1975) da Ƙanƙara (2015) da Sheme (2018) da kuma CRNLT& F (2019)^[1]. Abdulkadir (1975:266-8) ya nuna irin gudunmawar waƙoƙin Shata a al’ummar Hausawa da irin yada gidajen rediyo da ma’aikatar yaɗa labarai ke amfani da waƙoƙin Shata wajen wayar da kan al’umma a muhimman fannonin rayuwa.

2.0 Rediyo da Waƙoƙin Hausa

Dangantakar waƙa da rediyo tamkar ta tagwayen juna ce. Na'Allah (1994:503) ya bayyana Mawaƙan bakan al’ummar Afirka tamkar rediyo da talabijin da jarida inda ya kira makaɗa a matsayin ‘yanjaridar al’ummarsu. Na'Allah (1994:503) ya ruwaito Ruth Finnegan (1970) tana da

irin wannan ra’ayi inda ta ce, ‘mawaƙan baka, a al’ummomin Afirka, sun kasance tamkar jaridu a

wajen waɗanda ba su da ilimi’. Kodayake, Na'Allah (1994:503) ya yi wa Finnengan inkari inda ya ce rawar da makaɗa ke takawa wajen faɗakarwa da ilmantarwa da nishaɗantarwa ba su tsaya a kan waɗanda ba su da ilimi ba, har masu ilimin na amfana da su. Domin kuwa irin waƙoƙin da manomi ko wani mutumin karkara ko ƙaramin ɗan kasuwa su ne dai malamin makaranta, ma’aikacin gwamnati ko jami’an tsaro ke sauraro’. Haka kuma, Sullivan (2009:312) ta ruwaito Na’Allah (1994) na kwatanta mawaƙan baka da kafafen sadarwa irin su: rediyo da talabijin da jarida inda Na’Allan ke cewa, “Mawaƙan baka  kan nishaɗantar da al’umma tare da bayyana masu abin da ke faruwa a al’ummar da ma jan hankalin al’ummar a kan abin da suke gannin bai kamata ba ko kuma wanda suke son a yi’. Abin da wannan bayani ke son nuna mana shi ne irin kusanci da kamanci da ke akwai tsakanin rediyo ko kafafen sadarwa da mawaƙa domin kusan manufarsu ɗaya ce. Besmer (1970:20) da Euba (1976:29) sun tabbatar da samuwar waƙoƙin Hausa a gidajen rediyo.

A ƙasar Hausa, matsayin waƙoƙi a rediyo ya kai matuƙa gaya ta yadda ba yadda za a yi ba da su ba. A hirar da na yi da wasu ma’aikatan rediyo da suka kwashe sama da shekaru 30 suna gudanar da aiki, kuma a ɓangaren shirye-shirye, sun tabbatar min da cewa: “Ba yadda za a yi a buɗe rediyo, a ƙasar Hausa, ba tare da waƙoƙin Hausa ba”. Abin da wannan bayani ke nuna mana shi ne waƙoƙin Hausa na da muhimmin matsayi da ya kai a kamanta su da ‘ginshiƙan shirye-shiryen rediyo’ (Garba 2014b:56). Kodayake, ana jin cewa da gangan aka bai wa waƙoƙi muhimmin gurbi a shirye-shiryen rediyo domin a shawo kan mutanen Afirka wajen sauraren rediyo saboda  su fahimci irin farfagandar yaƙi da ake son su ji, Turawan mulki suka sanya waƙoƙi da sauran shirye-shirye a rediyo. Head (1979:45) ta ruwaito Wilson (1950: 46) na cewa, daga cikin ma’aikatan rediyo na farko ‘yan Afirka da aka fara ɗauka aikin rediyo a (Gold Cost Broadcasting),  wato Ghana ta yau, su ne malaman makaranta waɗanda ke da zalaƙar magana da kuma mawaƙan gargajiya da ke sarrafa kayan kiɗan gargajiya da iya yin waƙa nan take.

Waƙoƙin Hausa na da matsayi a shirye-shirye  rediyo, Furniss  da Fardon (2000:4) da Abdulƙadir (2000:131). Ba a shirye-shiryen Hausa na rediyo kawai ba, har sauran al’ummu. A Afirka ta Kudu Hamm (1991:17) ya ruwaito wani rahoto (AR Annual Report 1959, p4) na cewa, waƙoƙi  na da babban gurbi kuma za su cigaba da riƙe wannan matsayi a shirye-shryen rediyo. Roscigno da Danaher (2001) sun tabbatar da samuwar waƙoƙi a rediyoyin yankin na Amurika. Spitulnic (2004) ta nuna tasirin hanyoyin bayar da labarun gargajiya na al’ummomin Afirka a rediyo. Binciken da Garba (2012) ya gabatar ya tabbatar da maganar Spitulnic (2004) a shirye-shiryen rediyo na Hausa. Waƙa ke da babban kaso a shirye-shiryen rediyo fiye da duk wani nau’in adabin bakan Hausa  (Garba 2014b:58). Dangantakar waƙa da shirye-shiryen rediyo ta zamo tamkar ta jini da tsoka (Garba 2014b:57-8).

Waƙoƙin Hausa na daga cikin  shirye-shiryen da suka fara samun gindin zama a rediyo a al’ummar Hausawa tun kafin kafa gidan rediyo a ƙasar Hausa. Larkin (2008:48-9), ya tabbatar da cewa: “Tun lokacin da ake watso labaran rediyo daga Landon ta hanyar amfani da manya-manyan akwatunan rediyo da ake haɗawa da waya, waƙoƙin Hausa ne aka fara amfani da su a rediyo tun kafin a yanke shawarar fara amfani da harshen Hausa a shirye-shiryen rediyo”. Waƙoƙin Hausa da ake sanyawa a rediyo ne suka ƙara ƙwarzanta rediyo a idon Bahaushe, inji Maitama Sule, ɗaya daga cikin ma’aikatan rediyo na farko wanda daga bisani ya zamo mashahurin ɗan siyasa ya a cikin Lardin (2008:53). Wannan magana haka take domin Hamm (1991) ya nuna irin yadda mahukunta suka yi amfani da waƙoƙi ta kafar rediyo wajen assasa da shimfiɗa mulkin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu a shekarun 1949 har zuwa shekarun 1990.

Shirye-shiryen waƙoƙi na rediyo, kamar yadda Garba (2014b:58) ya nuna, sun kasu kashi biyu. Kashi na ɗaya shi ne wanda gidajen rediyon ke gabatarwa waɗanda  suka ƙunshi waƙoƙi daban-daban. Kashi na biyu kuwa shi ne wanda  jam’iya ko ɗan takara ko zaɓaɓɓen waƙili ko ‘yankasuwa kan saye fili domin yaɗa waƙoƙinsu. Har wa yau, Garba (2014b:58) ya kassafa yadda gidajen rediyo ke amfani da waƙoƙi a shirye-shiryensu a mabambantan wurare da lokuta inda suke amfani da waƙoƙi a matsayin: ‘mabuɗin kunne’ da na cikon lokaci da maye gurbi da talla da kuma filayen waƙoƙi, irin waɗanda ake keɓewa da yawanci akan yi wa suna da ‘rabin sa’ar mawaƙi wane’. Kodayake, akan yi wa irin wannan shiri sunaye daban-daban kamar: Tuna baya, Mahadi mai dogon zamani, makaɗanmu na mako da dai sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, Garba (2014b:51) ya tabbatar da cewa, “Babu wani shirin rediyo da bai dogara ga waƙoƙi wajen shirya shi ba. Waƙoƙi ne kawai ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasu shirye-shirye, kuma tare da samun nasu shirye-shiryen masu zaman kansu a rediyo”. Wani muhimmin lamari shi ne ba wai waƙoƙin baka kawai ake amfani da su a rediyo a Hausa ba. Waƙoƙin da ake amfani da su a rediyo sun haɗa da na baka da rubutattu da ma na zamani da ake kira ‘waƙoƙin nanaye’ (Garba 2014b:51). Furniss (2003:2) ya nuna irin yadda ƙungiyar marubata waƙoƙin Hausa ta Hikima wato ‘Hikima Club’ wadda Mudi Sipikin ke jagoranta ta sami fili a gidan rediyon Kano inda ake saka waƙoƙin ‘yan ƙungiyar a kowane mako. A wani aikin da Furniss (1991:21) ya yi a kan rubutattun waƙoƙin yaƙin Basasan Nijeriya inda ya tabbatar da samuwar ɗimbin waƙoƙin da aka rubuta yayin gwabza yaƙin tsakanin shekarar 1967 zuwa 1970 waɗanda aka wallafa a jaridar Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo ko aka rera a taruruka ko dandali da ma gidajen rediyo.

3.0 Shata da Rediyo

Dangantakar Shata da rediyo ta yi daidai da zancen nan na Hausawa da suke cewa, “Kafin a haifi uwar baduku, borin turke yake da jakarsa,ko kuma iska ta tarar da kaba na rawa. Domin kuwa, tun kafin zuwan rediyo ƙasar Hausa Shata yake yin waƙoƙinsa. Sheme (2018:255) da Ƙanƙara (2015:459) sun nuna cewa, “Kafin zuwan na’urorin ɗaukar sauti da za a ɗauki mawaƙi a saurare shi daga baya, wato garmaho ko rediyo, Shata ya yi ɗaruruwan waƙoƙi ko dubban waƙoƙi. A farkon zamaninsa, (haka marubucin ya rubuta), kaf faɗin Arewa babu gidan rediyo”. An fara ɗaukar waƙoƙin Shata a garmaho a wajajen shekarar 1950. Kamfanin ɗaukar sauti na Badejo da ke Legos wanda ya ɗauki Shata zuwa Legas a cikin shekarar 1951 don ya yi masa waƙa (Sheme 2018:257). Waɗannan waƙoƙin da aka naɗa a garmaho ne aka fara sanyawa a rediyo maras waya (wireless) babba mai kama da akwatin talabijin, a yi ta sauraron waƙoƙinsa (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) (Sheme 2018:260).

Wasu sun ce tun a shekarar 1944 wasu Kiristoci sun buɗe Rediyon Muryar Bushara a unguwar Bompai a Kano a matsayin tashar rediyo ta farko a Arewa… Sun riƙa ɗaukar waƙoƙin Shata su na (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) sawa; su kan (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) bi shi ƙauyuka inda yake wasanni su na (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) ɗaukar waƙoƙin…Rediyon Bushara da aka ambata a sama, daga bisani an tabbatar da cewa tashar NBS ce”, (Sheme 2018:264) da Ƙanƙara (2015:469). Sa’ilin da hukumar watsa labarai ta NBC ta kafu a shekarar 1952 ta yi amfani da kade-kade da waƙoƙin gargajiya da na maƙwabta da ma na ƙetare wajen nishaɗantarwa da wayar da kan masu saurare…Waƙoƙin Shata sun yi fice a shirye-shiryen yankin Arewa da hukumar ta gabatar (Ladele da wasu 1979:36).

Jim kaɗan da buɗe tashar Rediyo Talabijin Kaduna (RTK) a shekarar 1962, gidan rediyon ya aika ma’aikatansa garuruwa domin su ɗauko waƙoƙi daga mawaƙan (Sheme 2018:271). Daga bisani mawaƙan kan zo gidan rediyon RTK domin su yi waƙa a ɗauka. A 1964 aka ɗauki waƙar “Ranar Kilishi Jikar Dikko”, “Ta-Kunya Delun Kunya” da sauran su…A harabar gidan RTK a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1965 Adamu Augie Argungu ya ɗauki waƙoƙin “Habu Na Habu”, “Alla Ba Ya Ba Ka Sai Ka Tama Shi Nema” ta Barira Musawa) da Asauwara (waƙar Gulbin Karaɗuwa)… (Sheme 2018:271), Ƙanƙara (2015:477). “Sanin da aka yi wa Shata ya bambanta…amma dai yawa-yawan mutane waɗanda su ka (Haka  marubucin ya rubuta) san Shata sun san shi a dalilin rediyo” in ji Alhaji Halilu Ahmed Getso, fitaccen ma’aikacin rediyo ɗin nan a cikin Sheme (2018:255). Ba shakka rediyo ne hanya mafi shahara wajen yaɗa waƙoƙin Shata…(Sheme 2018:255).

Wani muhimmin abu da ya faru wanda ya ƙara kaurara dangantakar Shata da rediyo, musamman  RNK, baya ga shaharar da Shata yake da ita, shi ne ƙaunar da ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin gidan rediyon, Alhaji Ɗahiru Modibbo, ke yi wa Shata da waƙoƙinsa  (Sheme 2018). Alhaji Ɗahiru Modibbo ya taimaka gaya wajen ɗaga Shata ta hanyar rediyo, ya fifita shi saman kowane mawaƙi… (Sheme 2018:276-277). In don ace (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) Shata ya canye duniya da yaƙin waƙa, ba wani ne dalili ba Ɗahiru Modibbo ne” (Ƙanƙara 2015:478). 

Dangantaka tsakanin Shata da rediyo, musamman RNK, ta zama tamkar ta ‘ba ni gishiri in ba ka manda’, domin bayan irin gudunmawar da ake ganin RNK ya bai wa Shata, shi ma Shatan ya bai wa gidan rediyon kamar yadda Sheme (2018:279) ya faɗa, “Idan an waiwaya, za a ga cewa kamar yadda gidan Rediyo Najeriya na Kaduna ya taimaka wajen yayata sunan Shata da waƙoƙin sa, (Haka marubucin ya rubuta), haka shi ma Shata ya sa aka san gidan rediyon har kowa ya koma ba shi da wani gidan rediyo da ya fi kamawa tamkar wannan”. Za a iya gamsuwa da cewa, gidan Rediyo Najeriya na Kaduna ya taimaka wajen yayata sunan Shata da waƙoƙinsa, idan aka yi la’akari da abin da wasu manazarta suka ce. Finnegan (2012:289) tana ganin cewa, ‘Akwai yiyuwar cewa samuwar da bazuwar rediyo a Afirka ya taimaka wajen fito da waƙoƙin siyasa fili’. A nan, sai mu ce ba wai waƙoƙin siyasa ba kawai, akwai yiyuwar har da na Shata.

Dangantakar Shata da rediyo ta kai har inda ake danganta Shata da rediyo ko rediyo da Shata. Ƙololuwar dangantakar Shata da rediyo a ƙasar Hausa ita ce danganta rediyo da Shata wasu masu sauraren rediyo ke yi.  Za a fahimci haka, idan aka yi la’akari da waɗannan layukan kirari da Garban Kora (2013), ɗaya daga cikin manyan maroƙan Alhaji Mamman Shata, ya yi wa Shatan:

“….Bahillacen daji za ka ji yana cewa yaya da Shata?

In dai da Shata kam ina sayen rediyo.

Amma ni ba ni saye sai na ji Shata.

Buɗe mani Shata.

Koway yi rediyo da rikoda da garmaho saboda kai ya yi ɗan Garba ɗan Ibrahim.

Don kai ake sayensu…” Garban Kora (2013) a cikin Garba (2014b:55).

Babban abin da za a lura da shi a nan kamar yadda wannan kirari ya nuna shi ne, tambayar mai sayar da rediyo, ko rediyon na da Shata tun ma kafin a fara cinikin rediyon. Idan ma mai sayar da rediyon ya ce akwai Shatan, to sai ya kamo an tabbatar da Shatan, to zai saya, idan kuma babu, wataƙila ciniki ya fasu. Daga ƙarshe ma kirarin ya nuna cewa, ko wa ya mallaki rediyo da rikoda da garmaho don ya ji waƙoƙin Shata ya saya.

4.0 Waƙoƙin Shata a Shirye-shiryen Rediyo

Irin matsayin da waƙoƙin Hausa ke da su a shirye-shiryen rediyo na Hausa, Garba (2014) ya bayar da rabe-raben yadda gidajen rediyo ke amfani da waƙoƙin Hausa inda sukan yi amfani da waƙoƙi a matsayin “Mabuɗin kunne da na cikon lokaci da maye gurbi da talla da kuma filayen waƙoƙi, irin waɗanda ake keɓewa da yawanci akan yi wa suna da ‘rabin sa’ar mawaƙi wane’. Kodayake, akan yi wa irin wannan shiri sunaye daban-daban kamar: Tuna baya.., makaɗanmu na mako da dai sauransu”. Kasancewar Shata sha-kundum a fagen waƙa kamar yadda Ƙanƙara (2015) da Sheme (2018) da Nageda (Hira da shi a ranar 30/8/2023) suka nuna, waƙoƙinsa sun hau dukkan waɗannan rabe-raben guraben da gidajen rediyo ke amfani da waƙoƙin Hausa. Ga su kamar haka:

4.1 Mabuɗin Kunne

Waƙoƙin da kan gabaci shiri kafin a gabatar da shi ko abin da ya ƙunsa ake kira mabuɗin kunne. Kusan duk shirin da ake gabatarwa a rediyo na Hausa na da baiti ko ɗan waƙa da ke yi wa shirin zagi. Irin waƙoƙin da Shata ya yi a fannonin rayuwar Hausawa ta yau da kullum ne ya ba da wannan dama ta amfani da waƙoƙinsa da gidane rediyo ke yi a matsayin mabuɗin kunne. Misali, mafi yawan shirye-shiryen noma na rediyo na amfani da waƙoƙin Shata na ‘Mai noma Habu Garba Ɗan’ammani’ da Garkuwan Bauchi Umarun Kari. Shirye-shiryen da suka shafi tattalin arziki kan yi amfani da waƙar ‘Kuɗi a kashe su ta hanya mai kyau’. Duk lokacin da gidan rediyon Freedom na Kano 99.5 FM za su yi wani shiri mai magana kan harkokin lafiya sai sun sa waƙar ‘Amadu Gaya’. Haka kuma, rediyon Freedom Kano kan yi amfani da waƙar Shata ta ‘Yan Arewa ku bar bacci’ a shirin ‘In ka ji wane…’

4.2 Cikon Lokaci da Maye Gurbi

Abin da ake nufi da cikon lokaci a nan shi ne ƙarasa lokacin da aka ware wa wani shiri. A al’adance, lokacin shirye-shiryen rediyo kan kasance sa’a ɗaya ko kuma rabin sa’a, amma mafi yawan shirye-shirye sun fi samun rabin sa’a. Yana da kyau a lura cewa, wannan lokaci na sa’a ko rabin sa’a ba a kammala shi duka wato mintuna 55 a wasu lokuta ma 50 ne a matsayin sa’a ɗaya a lokacin rediyo, a yayin da mintuna 25 ne matsayin rabin sa’a. Saboda haka, akan yi amfani da sauran lokacin da ya yi saura wato mintuna 5 ko 10 daga cikin sa’a ɗaya da mintuna 5 na rabin sa’a wajen sanya waƙoƙi ko tallace-tallace ko sanarwa. A mafi yawan lokuta an fi sanya waƙoƙi (Garba 2014b:60).

A yayin da maye gurbi, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, na nufin maye gurbin wani shiri da wani shirin. Alal misali, idan mai shirya wani shiri bai samu damar yin aikinsa ba saboda wasu dalilai, akan maye shi da wani abu maimakon a bar shi haka nan ba tare da wani abu ba. Mafi yawan lokuta, waƙoƙi ne ake amfani da su wajen yin hakan. Abin da ya sa aka sanya cikon lokaci da maye gurbi a matsayin wani kaso na yadda gidajen rediyo ke amfani da waƙoƙi shi ne, cikon lokaci dai kamar wajibi ne a kodayaushe, kuma an fi yin amfani da waƙoƙi wajen aiwatar da shi. A yayin da maye gurbi shi ma ya zamo ruwan dare saboda wasu shirye-shirye na da wahalar shiryawa saboda bayanai da abubuwa daban-daban da ake buƙatar samu kafin a haɗa shi. Dalilin haka, akan yi amfani da waƙoƙin Shata daban-daban wajen cikon lokaci da maye gurbi a-kai-a-kai.

4.3 Talla

Talla na ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da ke kawo wa gidajen rediyo kuɗin shiga. Wannan ne ya sa talla ta zamo ruwan dare a gidajen rediyo. Mafi yawancin tallace-tallacen da ake sa wa a rediyo na da waƙoƙi. Akan shirya waƙoƙi domin talla. Idan ana son a yi wa wani abu talla, akan sa a yi waƙa a kan wannan abun ko dai a ƙyale waƙar ita kanta ta faɗi wannan saƙon ko kuma bayan waƙar a gabatar da saƙon da baki (Garba 2014:61). An yi kuma ana amfani waƙoƙin Shata a irin wannan bagire a gidajen rediyo da dama. Misali, Rediyo Najeriya na Kaduna: Takin Sasisa da Jirgin Ɗankabo/Kabo Air da waƙar Omo da Sabon Robb da kuma Kafinol.

4.4 Filayen Waƙoƙi

Wannan ɓangaren zai yi magana ne a kan wasu daga cikin filayen waƙoƙi da rediyoyi ke gabatarwa. Waɗannan su ne filayen da gidajen rediyo ke warewa domin gabatar da waƙoƙi zalla ba tare da gauraya su da komai ba. Akan ware wa waɗannan filaye mabambantan lokuta, wato wasu kan sami rabin sa’a, wasu kuma sa’a ɗaya cur. Gidajen rediyo ne da kansu kan ware yawancin filayen waƙoƙin, a yayin da wasu kuma akan ɗauki nauyinsu ne domin tallata haja ko ɗantakarar siyasa ko jam’iya ko ɗaiɗaikun mutane. Waƙoƙin Shata na da babban kaso a irin wannan bagire. Akan yi wa irin waɗannan filaye sunaye daban-daban kamar: Rabin Sa’ar Alhaji Mamman Shata da ake gabatarwa a Rediiyo Nijeriya na Kaduna a kowace ranar Litinin da Alhamis da yamma da Mahadi mai dogon zamani da Ibrahim Nageda Bichi ya gabatar a Rediyo Freedom da Dala FM Kano. Ga abin da Garba (2014:63) y ace game dashirin ‘Mahadi Mai Dogon Zamani’, “Wannan shiri ne da gidan rediyon Freedom da ke Kano ke gabatarwa wanda aka ware domin sanya waƙoƙin Alhaji Mamman Shata. An ware sa’a ɗaya cur domin gabatar da shirin. Ana yin shirin ne a ranakun Litinin da Talata da Laraba da Alhamis daga ƙarfe biyu na rana zuwa ƙarfe uku na ranakun da aka lissafo a sama. Shirin, wanda Ibrahim Nageda Bichi ke gabatarwa, na gabatar da waƙoƙin Mamman Shata zalla tare da sharhin wasu muhimman abubuwa da waƙoƙin na ƙunsa. Da yake kai-tsaye ake gabatar da shirin, masu sauraro kan buga waya su yi tambayoyi ko sharhi da ƙarin bayani ko kuma su nemi ƙarin bayanin abin da ya shige masu duhu daga waƙoƙin. A shekarar 2011 ce aka ƙirƙiro shirin, amma an tsayar da shi a shekarar 2013. Daga bisani aka mayar da shirin a rediyon Dala FM, abokiyar tagwaicin rediyo Freedom. Daga bisani nan ma an tsayar da shirin. Kodayake, ko a ranar da na tattauna da mai gabatar da shirin, Ibrahim Nageda Bichi, a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni, 2014, ana tattaunawa a kan yadda za a dawo da shirin”. Ya kuma gabatar da shirin Nageda Baban Fati a Vision FM Kano wanda kacocan shi ma ke magana a kan waƙoƙin Shata daga 2019 zuwa 2002. Har wa yau, Ibrahim Nageda Bichi na gabatar da shirin Mahadi Mai Dogon Zamani a Primier Rediyo Kano wanda ya fara daga 2022 zuwa yau, kuma ana cigaba da gabatar da shirin.

4.4 Zaɓen Maigabatarwa

 Wannan shirin mintuna 30 da ke bai wa mai gabatar da shirye-shirye damar zaɓar duk waƙar da ya ga dama ya sa a yayin da yake kan aiki. Maigabatarwar kan bayar da tarihin mawaƙin, kayan kiɗan mawaƙin da kuma saƙon da waƙar ke ɗauke da shi. Ana gabatar da shirin a kusan dukkan gidajen rediyoyin da ke amfani da harshen Hausa a shirye-shiryensu. Kaɗan daga cikin su sun haɗa da: Rima Rediyo Sokoto da Rediyo Freedom Kano da Globe FM Bauchi da Rediyo Kano (AM) da sauransu. Waƙoƙin Shata kan fito a mafi yawan lokuta a irin wannan shirin. 

4.5 Zaɓi da Kanka

Kamar yadda sunan wannan shiri ya nuna, masu saurare ne ke buga waya su faɗi waƙar da suke so, daga cikin waƙoƙin tsofaffin mawaƙanmu na gargajiya. Waƙoƙin Shata na ɗaya daga cikin su. Gidan rediyon Freedom da ke Kano ne ya keɓe wannan shiri.

4.6 Kaɗe-Kaɗen Gargajiya 

Wannan shiri ne da gidan rediyo Rahama da ke Kano ne ya keɓe wa tsofaffin waƙoƙin Hausa. Shirin na da ɓangarori biyu: ɓangaren gayyatar mawaƙan da ke raye ko kuma sanya waƙoƙin mawaƙan da suka kau da kuma masu fashin baƙin waƙoƙin. Daga cikin mawaƙan da suka shiga ɗakin shirin, kamar yadda maigabatar da shirin, Malan Salisu Adamu ya tabbatar, sun haɗa da: Audu Wazirin Ɗanduna, Babangida Kakadawa, Nasiru Garba Sufa da sauransu. Cikin mawaƙan da ba su raye kuma, an yi nazarin waƙoƙin Narambaɗa da Jankiɗi da Sa’idu Faru da Ɗanƙwairo da Shata da Sani Sabulu da sauransu. Shirin kan gayyato Dr Ibrahim Garba Satatima na Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya, Jami’ar Bayero Kano don fashin baƙi tare da wasu waɗanda ake jin cewa sun san mawaƙin da ake magana a shirin.

4.7 Tuna Baya

Wannan shiri ne da gidan rediyon Dala FM da ke Kano ya sadaukar domin gabatar da waƙoƙin tsofaffin makaɗan Hausa. Waƙoƙin Shata na daga cikin waƙoƙin da ake gabatarwa a shirin.

Rediyon jahar Kano ne ya yi gabatar da wannan shiri a shekarun 1980. Shirin ya yi kula da waƙoƙin tsofaffin makaɗa irin su: Jan-kiɗI, Narambaɗa da Aliyu Ɗandawo da Sa’idu Faru da Kurna da Maidaji Sabon Birni da Ɗanƙwairo da Shata da Ɗanmaraya Jos da Haruna Uje da Uwani Zakairai da Magajiya Ɗanbatta. Duk an yi hira da su a cikin shirin, kuma dukkan hirarrakin da waƙoƙin na nan aje inji Kaigama (hira da shi :25/6/2014 ).

4.8 Inuwar Fasaha

Wannan shiri ne da gidan rediyo Pyramid FM da ke Madobi, Kano ya ware domin gabatar da waƙoƙin Hausa, tsofaffi da sababbi.Ko ba a faɗa ba, waƙoƙin Shata na daga cikin waƙoƙin da ake gabatarwa a shirin.

4.9 Ina Kwana?

Shiri ne da ake gabatarwa tun da sassafe ake yin sa a gidan rediyon BRC da ke Bauchi. Da zarar an gama gabatar da taƙaitattun labarai da ƙarfe 6: 05 har zuwa ƙarfe 7:00 na safe. Akan sa kaɗe-kaɗe da waƙoƙin Hausa iri-iri. Kullun ake sa shirin ba Asabar ba Lahadi. Waƙoƙin Shata suna cikin waɗanda suke ƙawata shirin.

4.10 Makaɗanmu na Mako

Akan zabi mawaƙa  ciki har da Shata da a sanya a tsawon mintuna 30. Wani lokaci akan sa waƙoƙi daban-daban na tsawon lokacin da aka ware wa shirin. Gidan rediyon gwamnatin jihar Bauchi ne BRC ke gabatar da shirin.

4.11 Daga Taskarmu

Wannan shiri na gidan rediyon jahar Kano na mayar da hankali ne a kan tsofaffin waƙoƙi na da. Don kada mutane su manta da al’adunsu, mukan tsamo irin waɗannan tsofaffin waƙoƙi da suka haɗa da: kalangu da goge da garaya da dundufa da duman girke dasauransu. Shirin kan gayyato makaɗa su zo har ɗakin yaɗa labarai, wani lokaci a saka kai-tsaye wani lokaci kuma a naɗa. Mukan tambayi tarihinsu da kayan kiɗansu da ƙarin bayani a kan wasu fitattun waƙoƙinsu. Daga cikin waƙoƙin da shirin ke gabatarwa har da na Shata.

4.12 Kowane Allazi Da Nasa Amanu

Wannan shirin na rediyon Kano wanda daga bisani ya koma ‘Allura da zare’ an yi gabatar da shi ne a shekarar 1988. Marigayi Sharu Lawan Adamu ne ya fara gabatar da shirin. Daga baya Abdullahi Sani Makarantar Lungu ya kama, bayan rasuwar sa kuma Ali Ahmad Sharifai ya ci gaba da gabatar da shi. Shirin kan gayyato masana waƙoƙin Hausa domin su yi fashin baƙi. Daga cikin waƙoƙin da ake nazari har da na Shata.

4.13 Kiɗan Kalangu

Wannan shirin gidan rediyon jihar Bauchi ne wato (Bauchi Radio Corporation) ne ke gabatar da shi. Kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, an sadaukar da shi ga mawaƙan da ke amfani da kalangu a waƙoƙinsu. Daga cikin su har da Shata.

4.14 Kaɗe-Kaɗe da Al’adu

Wannan shiri ne da Gidan Rediyon Faransa (RFI) ke gabatarwa. Kamar yadda sunan shirin ya nuna, kaɗe-kaɗe da al’adu, yana kula da kaɗe-kaɗe da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi al’adun Hausawa da ma na maƙwabtansu. Shirin kan yi hira da mawaƙan Hausa da ma waɗanda ba Hausawa ba tare da tattaunawa a kan waƙoƙinsu. Shata yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda shirin kan gayyato a lokaci-lokaci.

4.15 Filin Zaɓi Sonka

Wannan fili ne da gidajen rediyo ke keɓewa domin miƙa saƙwannin gaisuwa da masu saurare ke yi. Akan ɗauki nauyin shirin a wasu lokuta, a wasu lokutan kuma gidajen rediyon ne ke ɗaukar nauyin gabatar da shi. Dangane da Rediyon Najeriya na Kaduna, ga abin da Sheme (2018:282) ke cewa, “Ko bayan kwangilar da kamfanin PZ da ke gudanar da “Zaɓen Robb” da “Zaɓen Drastin” su ka (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) bayar ta ƙare, Rediyon Najeriya na Kaduna bai watsar da Shata ba saboda irin son da masu sauraro ke masa. Don haka sai aka ci gaba da keɓe masa (Shata) fili na musamman a Zaɓen Rana Kashi na Farko” da Zaɓen Rana Kashi na Biyu” a kowace rana a daidai lokacin sallar Azahar, lokacin dayawancin Hausawa, musamman a yankin karkara, inda nan ne su ka (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) fi yawa, su na (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) hutawa a gida bayan komowa daga gun aiki. Waɗannan filaye tun wajen 1973 aka fara gabatar da su... A kan (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) kuma sa waƙoƙin sa (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) a wasu shirye-shiryen waɗanda su ka (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) haɗa da “Zaɓen Almuru da “Zaɓen Safe”.

4.16 Kundin Makaɗan Hausa

Ana gabatar da wannan shiri ne a Rediyo Nijeriya na Kaduna. Shirin na yin bayani dangane da waƙoƙin makaɗan Hausa. Shirin ya tattauna da Malam Ibrahim Sheme, marubucin littafin nan na Shata Ikon Allah, a kwanan nan inda ya yi fiɗar waƙoƙin Shata. A wani daga cikin shirin na kwanan nan, Sheme ya tattauna a kan dangantakar Shata da jigon Arewa, Sardaunan Sakkwato, Alhaji Ahmadu Bello da fashin baƙin ɗiyan waƙoƙin da Shata ya yi wa Sardauna. Akwai shirin da suka tattauna a kan Shata a Masarautar Kano tare da Malam Ibrahim Sheme ɗin da sauransu.

4.17 Daga Bakin Mai Ita

Wanan shiri ne da gidan rediyon Companion FM, Katsina ke gabatarwa.  Sanusi Anu Sabuwar Unguwa ne ke gabatar da shi.  Shiri ne da ke gayyatar mawaƙa domin a tattauna da su tare da nazarin waƙoƙin mawaƙan da suka ƙaura.  Akan yi nazarin waƙoƙin Shata a wannan shiri a mafi yawan lokuta. Shirin kan gayyato Dr Aliyu Ibrahim Ƙanƙara domin yin fashin baƙin waƙoƙin Shata.

4.18 Zaɓen Rana

Shiri ne da gidan rediyon Companion FM, Katsina ke gabatarwa. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, shiri ne da ake aika gaishe-gaishen masu saurare. Dukkan waƙoƙin da ake sanyawa a shirin waƙoƙin Shata ne zalla. 

4.19 Makaɗanmu

Shiri ne da ake gabatrwa a Rediyo Nijeriya na Kaduna wanda Muhammad Sayasaya ke gabatarwa. Akan aika shirin agidan rediyon Companion FM, Katsina domin gabatarwa. Shirin na gabatar da waƙoƙin Shata a-kai-a-kai.

4.20 Hanjin Jimina

Shiri ne da gidan rediyon Vision FM, Katsina, ke gabatarwa. Ibrahim Yunusa Dutsin-Ma ne ke gabatar da shirin. Kamar yadda sunan shirin ya nuna, shiri ne da ke magana a kan waƙoƙin Hausa, inda ake gabatar da waƙoƙin Shata da nazarin su.

Wasu shirye-shiryen waƙoƙin Shata a Rediyo Nijeriya Kaduna kamar yadda Sheme (2018:272) ya ruwaito sun haɗa da: “Kaɗe-Kaɗen Mu (Haka marubucin ya rubuta) wanda Mainasara Idris, wanda ya zama Hakimin Funtuwa kuma Sarkin Maska, ya shugabanci gabatarwa daga 1975 zuwa 1990 inda ya yi ɗaukar makaɗin (wato Shata) duk sa’ilin da ya je Kaduna. Haka kuma akwai shirin “Gidan Kashe Ahu’ inda Shata ke wasa”. Tuna baya shi ne roƙo shirin da ke sanya tsofaffin waƙoƙin Hausa (Sheme 2018:290).

5.0 Kammalawa

Daga bayanan da suka gabata, mun ga irin yadda aka samar da rediyo a nahiyar Afirka da Najieriya da Arewacin Najeriya da yadda rediyon ya tasirantu da waƙoƙin Hausa. Mun ga yadda aka tabbatar da kasantuwar waƙoƙin Shata tun kafin kafuwar gidan rediyo a ƙasar Hausa da yadda rediyon ya ƙara yaɗa waƙoƙin Shata. Za a iya tabbatar da haka, idan an yi la’akari da abin da Finnegan (2012:290) ta ce, “Duk da cewa, da ma waƙoƙin yau da kullun da ma na siyasa sun samu gindin zama a Afirka, samuwar rediyo ta ƙara taimakawa wajen yaɗa su da fito da su fili”. Shi kuma Shata ya ƙara wa gidan rediyo Najeriya na Kaduna karɓuwa ga masu saurare. Bugu da ƙari, an fito da irin shirye-shiryen rediyo da ke gabatar da waƙoƙin Shata kacokan da ma waɗanda waƙoƙin nasa kan fito tare da na wasu mawaƙan.

Wani muhimmin abu da wannan takarda ta fito da shi fili shi ne irin gudunmawar da rediyo ke bayarwa wajen adana da taskace waƙoƙi. Euba (1976:29) ya tantace rediyo a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin taskace waƙoƙi. Sauran kamar yadda ya lissafa su ne talabijin da fayafayin garmaho da kuma finafinnai. Ita kuma Alou (2009:8) ta nuna rin amfanin rediyo wajen taskace waƙoƙi inda ta ce waƙar Mu’azu Ɗan’alalo ta Baudot wadda aka yi tun shekarun mulkin mallaka kuma wadda gidan Rediyo da Talabijin na Zinder ya naɗa a shekarun 1960, har yanzu tana tashe a tsakanin mutanen Nijar waɗanda mafi yawa daga cikinsu ba a haife su ba lokacin da aka yi waƙar. Har wa yau, za mu iya cewa, kamar yadda rediyo ya taskace waƙoƙin Ɗan’alalo, haka ya yi wa na Shata.

Samuwar sababbin hanyoyin sadarwa (zauruka ko dandullan sada zumunta) sun bayar da damar adana da sauraren irin waɗannan shirye-shiryen waƙoƙi na Shata da ma na sauran mawaƙa. Akan samu waɗannan shirye-shiryen waƙoƙi na Shata fezbuk, da twuita da yutub da gugul+ da foskad da BBM da wazaf da sauransu. Garba (2016:512) ya ce, “Gidajen rediyo na amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa da aka lissafa a sama wajen watsa shirye-shiryensu ga masu sauraro da ma samun ra’ayoyin masu sauraro dangane da labarai da shirye-shiryensu da suke watsawa. Mafi yawan rediyoyin da ke shirye-shirye da Hausa na amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa”. 

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Hira

Ibrahim Nageda Bichi, Mai gabatar da shirin ‘Mahadi Mai Dogon Zamani’ a Rediyo Premier Kano a ranar 30/8/2023, a gidan Rediyo Freedom, Kano

Muhammad Umar Kaigama, Mai gabatar da shirin Taskarmu na Rediyo Kano a ranar 25/6/2014, a ofishinsa a gidan Rediyon Kano.

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[1]An gabatar da wannan ma}ala a taron duniya a kan Alhaji (Dr.) Mamman Shata Katsina wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya da Fassara da kuma Fasahar Al’umma (CRNLT&F), Jami’ar Bayero, Kano ta shirya daga ranakun 3 zuwa 5 Satumba, 2018. Kuma ba a buga ta a ko’ina ba.