Tubalin Zambo Da Habaici a Zubin Diyan Wasu Wakokin Makada Sa’idu Faru

Citation: Dantani, A. & Hadi, H. (2024). Tubalin Zambo Da Habaici a Zubin Ɗiyanwasu Waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Four Decades of Hausa Royal Songs: Proceedings from the International Conference on the Life and Songs of Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru, 3(3), 226-232. www.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i03.029.

TUBALIN ZAMBO DA HABAICI A ZUBIN ƊIYAN WASU WAƘOƘIN MAKAƊA SA’IDU FARU

Na

Ashahabu Ɗantanin

Da

Hafizu Hadi

Department of Languages and Cultures, Federal University Gusau, Zamfara, Nigeria

Tsakure

Manufar wannan takarda ita ce, zaƙulo dubarun zambo da habaici kamar yadda suke ƙunshe a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙin makaɗa Sa’idu Faru tare da nuna yawan aukuwarsu a cikin waƙoƙinsa. An yi amfani da dabarar bincike ta saurare aka saurari wasu waƙoƙi bakwai (7), aka kuma juyesu a takarda don tattara sakamakon bincike. An yi ƙoƙarin ɗora wannan bincike bisa ga ra’i na tarken Waƙar Baka Bahaushiya (WBB) wato Gusau (2023) wanda Gusau ya fara ya samar 2003 ya jadadda a 2011, 2014 da 2015. Sai kuma ya sabunta shi a 2023. Haka kuma, Bahaushen Ra’i a wasu wurare dai-dai gwargwadon fahimta. Saboda masana kamar su Bunza, (2018:2), Tudun wada (2006), Malunfashi, (2014:50) da Koko (2011:3) a ruwaitar Ado, (2020) suna ganin cewa: “Hikimomi da Fasahar Hausawa tana nan a karin maganganunsu. Don haka, ana iya samar da ra’i a nazarin Hausa daga karin maganganun Hausawa idan har an yarda a yi hakan”. An kuma samar da sakamakon bincike ta hanyar yin amfani da ihsa’iyar bincike ta “Kashi cikin Ɗari”. Wannan takarda ta gano cewa makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya kan yi amfani da hikimarsa ya yi zambo ko habaici ga Sarakuna, da ‘Ya’yansu, da masu riƙe da muƙaman sarauta, da fadawa, da kuma sauran jama’a, don ya isar da saƙo ga jama’a. Takardar kuma ta gano yawan aukuwar tubalin zambo da habaici a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa. Yayin da Tubalin zambo ya auku sau kashi 38% cikin ɗar,i shi kuwa, Tubalin habaici ya auku sau kashi 33% cikin ɗari, a cikin waƙoƙin da muka gudanar da nazari a kansu..

Gabatarwa

Waƙoƙin baka na Hausa, waƙoƙi ne da suka ratsa rayuwar al’umma ta kowace fuska, hakan ta ba wa Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru damar zama makaɗin Fada. Waƙoƙi hanyoyi ne na sadarwa da kuma isar da saƙo cikin sauri a tsakanin al’umma,sannan kuma, makaɗan baka sukan sa kiɗan zambo da habaici a zubin ɗiyan wasu waƙoƙinsu a matsayin tubali don yabo ko zuga ga wanda ko abin da suka shirya waƙoƙin a kansa. Hakan ta sa waƙoƙin suke tafiya bisa al’adun al’umma, musamman ta yadda ake gina waƙoƙin da abubuwan da suke wakana a cikin al’umma da kuma sauran abubuwan da suke kiwaye da su. Haka kuma, masana da manazarta da dama sun yi bincike dangane da tubalan ginin turken waƙa, misali kamar; Gusau (2003 da 2008) da Muhammad (2012 da 2014) da Lawal (2014 da 2016) da sauransu. Amma babu wanda ya nazarci tubalan ginin turken waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru. Hakan ta ba da damar a gudanar da wannan nazari. A wajen ginin tubali a waƙa makaɗa suna amfani da kaifin basirarsu wajen fito da ƙananan saƙonni domin faɗaɗa babbar manufa a kowace waƙa, tare da ƙara mata armsahi.

Tubali wani ko wasu saƙonni da akan samu a cikin waƙa da makaɗa da mawaƙa ke tsartsarmawa a mabambantan wurare. Ke nan tubalan ginin turke wasu ƙananan saƙonni ne da ake gwagwamawa don ƙara ƙulla waƙa ta yi tsawo amma ba su ne babbar manufar waƙa ba (Gusau, 2003:30). Za a iya samun waƙa ɗaya ta ƙunshi tubalai da dama gwargwadon yadda makaɗi ya tsara da kuma yadda yake tunanin zurfafa manufarsa (Gusau, 2008:374-375). Wannan takarda ta yi tsokaci ne a kan yanayin tubalan zambo da habaici a wasu waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru.

Ma’anar Zambo da Habaici

Gusau (2002, da 2003) cewa ya yi, “Zambo, amabato ne na munanan halaye da ɗabi’u na wani mutum, wato kalmomi ne na akasin sambarka. A zambo akan siffanta mutum da wasu halaye ko ayyuka munana waɗanda za su iya tozarta wani ko wulaƙanta shi a idon jama’a. A wani lokaci ma a kan kauda kai cewa mutum yana da waɗannan halaye koda kuwa ba shi da su”.

Gusau (2002, da 2003) cewa ya yi, “Habaici wasu kalmomi ne da ake faɗa a faƙaice don a bata wa wani mutum rai, ba tare da an bayyana mutemen da ake nufi ƙuru- ƙuru ba. Ya ƙara da cewa, Habaici ya fi zambo sauƙi domin akwai sakaya zance a cikinsa, wato ba a fitowa fili ƙarara a yi wa mutum shi, kuma ba a faɗin wata fitacciyar siffar mutum ko wani fitaccen halinsa. Kalmomin sakayawar sun haɗa da wane, wanga, waɗanga da sauransu. Don haka ake cewa: “Habaici riga ce duk wanda ya saka za ta shige shi”.

Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru

An haifi makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ɗan Abdu, ɗan Alu mai kurya a shekarar 1932/ 1916, a garin Faru, da ke ƙarƙashin ƙaramar hukumar Maradun.Jahar Zamfara, Mahaifiyarsa mutuniyyar Banga ce, a cikin ƙaura Namoda. Ana yi masa laƙabi da ‘ɗan’umma wanda matar ƙanen mahaifinsa ta sanya masa, saboda ba ya faɗin sunanta sai dai yana kiranta ‘Umma’ yakan yi wa kansa kirari yana cewa:

Jagora : Ɗan’umma Rungumi,

: Ɗantumba Rungumi.

Makaɗa Sa’idu faru ya gadi kiɗa ga mahaifinsa makaɗa Alh. Abubakar Makaɗin kurya ta kiɗi ne da ake wa kirari “Kurya Gangar Mutuwa” ya yi waƙoƙi da yawa zamanin yaƙi. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi ƙuruciyyarsa ne a garin Banga ƙaura Namoda. Kafin ya girma ya koma wurin mahaifinsa Abubakar Faru. Bai yi Ilimin Muhammadiyya da yawa ba .Makaɗa Abubakar Faru yana amfani da kayan kiɗa na kotso (kuma da irin su ne Sa’idu Faru yake amfani) mahaifin nasa ya yi kiɗan noma daga ƙarshe ya koma kiɗan sarauta har ya rasu. Ya yi waƙoƙi masu yawa tare da ɗansa (Sa’idu Faru yana ɗan karɓi da ƙanensa Mu’azu).

Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya koyi waƙa ga mahaifinsa Abubakar Faru, tun yana da shekara goma (10) aka fara zuwa da shi gari-gari yawon kiɗa, a shekararsa ta 16 ya fara ƙwari sai aka haɗa shi da ƙanensa Mu’azu ya fara waƙa ne da wata waƙa kamar haka: (wadda ya yi wa tsohon Sarkin Yamman Faru Ibrahim).

Jagora : Bi da maza Ɗangoɗi na Iro,

: Iro magajin shehu da Bello.

 

‘Y/Amshi : Hasken fitila ba ɗai da wata ba,

: Tauraro haskenka subahim,

: Dawaya kora ɗimau na wakili,

: Uban Sarkin zagi Bello na Yari.

(Sa’idu Faru: Waƙar tsohon Sarkin Yamman Faru Ibrahim).

Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ba ya yi wa kowa waƙa sai Sarki sai ko wanda ya jiɓinci sarauta. Dangane da shirya waƙa kuwa, wani lokaci yakan shirya waƙa gida kafin ya fita zuwa ga wanda zai yi wa ita. Yakan yi bitar ta kwana biyu don ta zauna. Wani lokaci kuwa waƙa takan zo ba a shirya ta ba, amma akan san sunayen Sarkin da kakaninsa da danginsa kafin ya rera waƙar.Waƙoƙin da suka fito da Sa’idu Faru a duniya su ne na Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo tun yana Sarkin kudu.Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru yana waƙa ne cikin ƙungiya tare da yaransa: Mu’azu Daudun kiɗa (wato ɗan Galladimansa- ƙanensa (2) Ɗan daudu (3) Ali

Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya rasu a shekarar 1987,ya yi matan aure guda uku (3) tare da ‘ya’ya (26) maza da mata, a cikinsu sha ɗaya (11) sun rasu, saura goma sha biyar (15) yana kuma da jikkoki kimanin (20).Ya sami nasarori da dama a waƙoƙinsa, kuma dangantakarsa mai kyau ce da sauran mawaƙa. (An ɗebo mafiyawantarihin ne tare da sabanta shi daga littafin makaɗa da mawaƙan Hausa na Farfesa Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau, 1987:p116-125).

A cikin gudumuwar da makaɗa sa’idu Faru ya ba wa harshen Hausa, babu abin da mai nazari zai iya zubarwa. Domin kuwa, komai ya ɗauka a cikin waƙoƙinsa zai iya danganta shi da harshen Hausa. Musamman adabi ya kuma yi nazari a kansa. Waɗannan ababe sukan ƙunshi zamantakewar rayuwa, mulki, siyasa, halayen jama’a da uwa uba fasahohin zance da suka haɗa sarrafa harshe don isar da saƙo na yabo, zuga, zambo, habaici da amfani da sauran dabaru irin su ɓadda bami ko gagara gwari duk a cikin waƙoƙinsa. Wannan ne ma ya sa muka keɓe turken yabo gauraye da zuga, da tubalan zambo da habaici a cikin waƙoƙinsa, saboda abin da yawa sai ka rasa na zaɓa.

Yanayi Tubalin Zambo da Habaici a Wasu Waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru

Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru yakan yi amfani da tabalin zambo da habaici a wasu waƙoƙinsa, musamman wajen jan hankali domin isar da saƙon da yake son isarwa ga jama’a, kamar haka:

Tubalin Zambo

Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru makaɗi ne da yake da azancin amfani da zambo a cikin zubin ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa na fada domin yabo da zagu ga iyayen gidansa Sarakuna da masu riƙe da muƙaman sarauta.

Ga abin da yake cewa a waƙar da ya yi wa ‘Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu’kamar haka:.

Gindin waƙa : Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu,

: Mai ƙarfin arziki na Sarkin Fada,

: Riƙa da gaskiya na Garba.

Jagora : Duk alƙalin da ak ƙasar Sakkwato, x2

‘yan amshi : Ya san kana shari’a, x2

Jagora : Ba alƙalin ga ne ba,

: tandarƙi mai ƙaton wuya kamar sa”.

: Abin ba wuya kamar tsegumi.

A nan, wanda yake yi wa zambon ba zai yi wahalar ganewa ba ga duk waɗanda suka san shi. Domin ya fito da sifoffinsa ƙarara na (ƙaton wuya) da kuma sifaffan ta shi da kama ta ‘sa’ wato abin ba wuya cire wando ta kai.

A wani ɗan waƙa na cikin waƙar “Bello Alƙalin Maradun” yana cewa:

Gindin waƙa : Bello alƙalin Maradun,

: Kana shirye kodayaushe, taimaki mai gaskiya,

: Bello alƙalin Maradun.

Jagora: : To, cikin jama’arka Bello akwai na kirki,x2

: akwai tsohon tumatur,x2

‘yan amshi : Kana shirye kodayaushe taimaki mai gaskiya,

: Bello alƙalin Maradun.

: Hanjin Jimina akwai na ci, akwai na zubarwa.

A wurin yin wannan zambo, mawaƙin ya nuna cewa, jama’ar alƙali Bello hanjin Jimina ne, wato akwai na ci (su ne na kirki masu kyautatawa maroƙa), akwai kuma na zubarwa, tamkar (tsohon tumatur marar amfani) wato waɗanda ba su kyautatawa maroƙa. A nan ma wanda duk ya ji haka, da zarar ya san jama’ar to, zai gane ko su wane ake yi wa zambo.

Ga wasu misalai, a cikin waƙar da ya yi wa ‘Balarabe ɗan Muhammadu’ inda yake cewa:

Gindin waƙa : Ba ɗan sarki kamatai,

: Batun da akai ga yanzu,

: Balarabe ɗan Muhammadu,

: Jikan Sarkin Musulmi.

Jagora : Wani alferi da an ka yi,

: Duk kowa ya ji daɗi,

: Abun da anka shata, kowa ya ba shi tsoro.

‘Y/amshi : Ammada anka shata kowa ya ba shi tsoro.

Jagora : An ɗauko ɗan matashi,

: an ba shi riƙon mutane,

: an sai mashi babban doki,

: an yo mashi matan amre,

: garin ya saka alheri, x2

‘yan amshi : Sai yatsango mugunta. x2

Jagora : Abin hwa babu laifi,

: Kowa ya san ɗan kunama,

: Ga uwa shika koya halbi.

‘yan amshi : Sannan kowa ya halba.

: Na sa ka a inuwa, ka saka ni a rana.

A nan, makaɗa Sa’idu Faru, da ya fara rera zambonsa tun daga kan masu zaɓen sarki bai tsaya ba har sai da ya haɗe da iyayen ɗan sarkin. Ya ce da farko,mutane musamman maroƙa sun yaba da abin da aka yi, ana haba- haba ana murna, ashe ba su sani ba an yi zaɓen tumun dare. Domin masu zaɓen ɗan sarkin sun yi masa duk yadda ya dace, amma sai dai sun sa shi a inuwa ya saka su a rana, duk da haka sai ya nuna ba laifin shi ɗan sarkin ba ne, saboda ai ‘Barewa ba ta yi gudu ɗanta ya yi rarrafe ba’. Sai ya nuna cewa ya gada ne ko ya koya ga mahaifinsa, inda ya ce:“ai ɗan kunama ga uwa shika koya halbi, sannan kuwa ya halba”. Ma’ana idan marashin mutunci ne ɗan sarkin ke yi daga gida ya fara shi har ya fito da shi a waje.

Har wa yau, akwai ƙarin misali na zambo duk a cikin wannan waƙa da ta gabata, inda ya ke cewa:

Jagora : Ga hwadawa nan guda biyu,

: Masu cewa ka’ a ba mu,

: Kowa da nashi suna,

: Akwai ɗan ka ci ƙara,

: Akwai hauka da bori.

‘Yan amshi : Ba ɗan Sarki kama tai,

: Batun da akai ga yanzu,

: Balarabe ɗan muhammad,

: Jikan Sarkin Musulmi.

Anan kuma, yana yi wa wasu fadawa zanbo ne waɗanda ke hana ruwa gudu, wato ba su da kyauta ba, amma suna hana mai kyauta ya yi wa makaɗa kyauta. Inda ya basu suna cewa, akwai wanda ya ci kyautar neman ƙari yake yi, akwai kuma wanda ba da gaske yake yi ba, wato abin nan da Hausawa ke ce wa: “Haukanka da Bori”, kamar yadda makaɗin ya ce a cikin waƙarsa: “akwai hauka da bori”.

Tubalin Habaici

Gudummuwar da makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ba adabi a cikin waƙoƙinsa ta fuskar habaici, sai dai mu ce:

“Haka Ratata, inji ƙishiyar mai ‘ya’ya tara.”

Domin kuwa a cikin waƙoƙinsa akwai misalai da yawa sai dai a taƙaita. A cikin wata waƙa da ya yi wa “Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu” yana cewa:

Gindin waƙa : Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu,

: Mai ƙarfin arziki na sarkin fada,

: Riƙa da gaskiya na Garba”.

Jagora : Wai bana kura tana shari’a, x2

‘yan amshi : Majalisa kuma kusa ga garke, x2

Jagora : Kura wajen gudun a tasshe ta,

‘yan amshi : ta biɗah huɗu takai ta kame.

Amshi : Mai ƙarfin arziki na mika’ilu,

: Riƙa da gaskiya na sarkin fada,

: Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu.

: Ba banza ba ƙuda a walki.

A nan, yana yi wa wani Alƙali habaici ne, tare da ƙoƙarin nuna muguntarsa ko zaluncinsa ƙarara, inda yake bayyana cewa, Alƙalin ɗan cin hanci ne da rashawa, don haka kafin a fahimci cewa shi azzalumi ne har a yi masa transifa (wato kafin canjin wurin aiki ya zo masa) to bari ya yi sauri ya tara abin da ya tara na cin hanci da rashawa. Wannan ne ma ya sa makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ƙara fayyace mana zancen a ɗan waƙa na 11, inda yake cewa:

Jagora : Wani alƙali wanda zai kashin amre,

: Wai sai ya ji wadda tacce,

: Yarinya ke ji wadda tacce,

: Ke ko sai na ji wadda kicce,

: Sai na koma gida ki koma,

: Don in binciki kasa shari’ak ki,2

‘yan amshi : In ji dadin riƙa dalili, x2

Hausawa na cewa: “Da ganin kura, ka san za ta ci Akuya”. A nan alƙalin yana jan shariar ne don wata manufarsa.

Haka kuma, a cikin waƙar da ya yi wa ‘Bello Alƙalin Maradun’ cewa ya ke:

Gindin Waƙa: : Bello Alƙalin Maradun

: Kana shirye, kodayaushe taimaki mai gaskiya,

: Bello Alƙalin Maradun.

Jagora: : Kullum ba ruwa wane, ba kyauta ga rai ba,x2

‘yan amshi : Kullum sai dai a ba shi, x2

: Kana shirye, kodayaushe taimaki mai gaskiya,

: Bello Alƙalin Maradun.

A nan makaɗa Sa’idu Faru yana yi wa wani habaici ne na rowa, har yake kamanta shi da ‘Dasƙararren ƙullu’, wanda babu ruwa a cikinsa balle a ɗibi ruwansa a yi wata kyauta (don haka shi mutumen ba shi da kyauta ke nan). Kullum sai dai a ba shi, wato ya zama tamkar akuyar sake, bayan Hausawa na cewa: “Da a ba ka ƙwamma ka bayar”. Makaɗin ya yi amfani da kalmar sakayawa ta wane a wurin yin habaici.

Ga ƙarin misali, a cikin waƙar da ya yi wa mai martaba ‘Ɗan Madamin Sakkwato Usmanu’ inda yake cewa:

Gindin waƙa : mai martaba mashawarta Usmanu,

: ɗan madamin Sakkwato Shehu,

: Kai maza suka tsoro,

: mai martaba maji fansa ɗan Shehu.

Jagora : Kai wane ɗan Sarki ne, x2

‘yan amshi : Amma hwa ba kace mai ɗan Sarki na, x2

: Sai ka ce mai ɗan kongyaro,

: Kai maza suka tsoro,

: Mai martaba maji fansa ɗan Shehu,

A nan yana yi wa wani ɗan Sarki habaici ne, saboda ta yawu yanayin tafiyarsa, sa suturarsa da halayensa duk ba su yi kama da na ‘ya’yan sarauta ba, don haka ma ya ce idan ka gansa ba ka ce masa ɗan sarki, sai dai kace masa ɗan kongyaro.

A cikin waƙar da ya yi wa sarkin Yawuria cikin ɗan waƙa na 7, 8, na 9 ya haɗe turken yabo gauraye da zuga, da tubalan zambo da habaici duk a lokaci ɗaya, kamar haka:

Jagora : Gogarman Sarkin Musulmi,

: Abubakari ɗan Shehu Sakkwato.

‘yan amshi : Da kay yi sarauta birni da ƙauye,

: Kowa ya san ka kashe kuɗi.

Jagora : E, da kay yi sarauta,

‘yan amshi : Birni da ƙauye, kowa ya san ya kashe kuɗi.

Jagora : Ya riƙe daji ya riƙe gida,

‘yan amshi : Ba wani mai ƙulle- ƙulle,

: Yanzu shi wawa bai san hakanga ba.

A nan ko da a ce ba mu kula da yabo da zugar da ke cikin ɗan waƙa na 7 da na 8 ba, muka tsaya ga da na 9. Za mu fahimci cewa, ya yaba shi ya zuga shi da ya ce masa:“da yay yi sarauta birni da ƙauye kowa ya san ya riƙa gida”. Sannan kuma ya yi habaici cewa: “ba wani mai ƙulle- ƙulle” ya kuma haɗa da zambo cewa: “shi wawa bai san hakanga ba”.

Sakamakon Bincike

Wannan takarda ta gano cewa makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya kan yi amfani da hikimarsa ya yi zambo ko habaici ga Sarakuna, da ‘Ya’yansu, da masu riƙe da muƙaman sarauta, da fadawa, da kuma sauran jama’a, don ya isar da saƙo ga jama’a. Takardar kuma ta gano yawan aukuwar tubalin zambo da habaici a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa.

Don ƙara fitowa da sakamakon wannan bincike da nuna ingancinsa, muka yi amfani da ihsa’iyyar bincike “Kashi cikin ɗari” a kimiyance ta hanyar amfani da ra’i don gano sau kashi nawa cikin ɗari Tubalan Zambo da Habaici suka auku a cikin ɗiyan wasu waƙoƙinsa.

Ra’i Falsafa ce da ake amfani da ita wajen faɗar gaskiya da yanke hukunci bisa gaskiya na faruwar wani abu ko wata matsala ta rayuwa (Ado, 2020) “Wato Mazhaba ita ce abin da aka ɗauka kuma aka yarda cikin amincewa a yi aiki da shi (Gusau, 2005x10).

Ihsa’iyyar kashi cikin Ɗari (Percentage) Skinner (2007:126) da Longman (2003:488) a ruwaitar Ado (2020) sun fassara kalmar “Percentage” da sakamakon yawan abin da aka samu cikin ɗari. Har wa yau a ruwaitar Ado (2020) akuizuilo (1993:74) ya bayyana, tana cikin rukunan ihsa’iyyoyin da ake kira ihsa’iyyar siffar ɗabi’a (Descriptive Statistics). Gusau (2023) ya yi amfani da wannan ihsa’iyyar wajen tantance yawan makaɗa da mawaƙan sitidiyo na shiyoyin ƙasar Hausa.

Ga yadda muka yi amfani da ihsa’iyyar: “kashi cikin ɗari” mai mu’adala kamar haka  don warware tattarare da daddalallen bayani.

(a) Mun fara shirya jadawali da ya ƙunshi sunayen waƙoƙi guda bakwai da muka gudanar da nazari a kansu, kuma kowace waƙa tana ɗauke da lambobi. Waɗannan lambobi mun samar da su ta hanyar ƙyarge ɗiyan kowace waƙa da ke ɗauke da, tubalin zambo da habaici a cikin waɗannan waƙoƙi guda bakwai. Misali: waƙar da makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi wa Alƙali Alhaji Mu’azu, adadin ɗiyan waƙar 25 ne, ɗiyan waƙar 2, suna ɗauke da tubalin zambo, yayin da wasu ɗiyan waƙar biyu (2) suke ɗauke da tubalin habaici. A haka muka ƙwanƙance sauran waƙoƙin, muka samar da jadawali kamar haka:

(i) Jadawali na 1. Yawan Aukuwar Tubalin Zambo a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru.

Sunayen Waƙoƙi	Adadin Yawan Aukuwar Tubalin Zambo
Waƙar Alƙali Alh. Mu’azu	2
Waƙar Alƙali Shehu	1
Waƙar Balarabe ɗan Muhammad	5
Waƙar Bello Alƙalin Maradun	1
Waƙar Ɗanmadamin Sakkwato Shehu	0
Waƙar Sarkin Yawuri Gwarzon Mutawalle	3
Waƙar Shehu na Jekada	1
Jimilla	37

(b) Za ka raba yawan ɗiyan waƙar da ke ɗauke da wannan tubalin zambo na kowace ɗayan waƙar da ka zaɓa a cikin ɗiyan waƙoƙin (13), sannan ka yi ruɓanye (sau) da ɗari (x100)= abin da ya bayar shi ne yawan kashin da ya auku na wannnan tubalin na (Zambo) a cikin wannan waƙa. Misali:

Mu’adala:  Adabi (Zambo) -  = 38%

A wannan jadawali da ke sama mun ɗauki waƙar “Balarabe ɗan Muhammadu”. Yayin da muka gano tubalin Zambo ya auku sau kashi (38%) a cikin ɗari (100%) na wannan waƙa.

(ii) Jadawali na 3. Yawan Aukuwar Tubalin Habaici a cikin wasu Waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru.

Sunayen Waƙoƙi	Adadin Yawan Aukuwar Tubalin Habaici
Waƙar Alƙali Alh. Mu’azu	2
Waƙar Alƙali Shehu	0
Waƙar Balarabe ɗan Muhammad	3
Waƙar Bello Alƙalin Maradun	1
Waƙar Ɗanmadamin Sakkwato Shehu	1
Waƙar Sarkin Yawuri Gwarzon Mutawalle	1
Waƙar Shehu na Jekada	1
Jimilla	37

Har wa yau za mu ɗauki waƙar Balarabe ɗan Muhammadu

Mu’adala:  Adabi (Habaici) -  = 33%

A ƙarshe sakamakon wannan bincike namu ya nuna cewa tubalin zambo shi ke da kaso 38% yayin da tubalin Habaici ke da kaso 33% a cikin ɗari (100%). Wannan ya nuna muna cewa, waɗannan tubalan wasu manufofi ne ƙanana da makaɗin kan yi ƙoƙarin sassarƙawa a cikin ɗiyan waƙoƙinsa don ya tayar da babbar manufa (turke) ta yabo da zuga don isar da saƙo ga jama’a.

Kammalawa

Masana sun bayyana waƙoƙin baka na Hausa a matsayin wasu hanyoyin sadarwa da ke saurin isar da saƙo ga jama’a. Tubalin zambo da habaici na ɗaya daga cikin saƙonnin da ake iya samu ƙunshe a cikin waƙoƙin da makaɗa da mawaƙan baka musamman makaɗan fada ke tsarawa.

Wannan aiki da ya gudana, ya yi tsokaci a kan ma’anar zambo da habaici daga bakin masana. An kuma kawo misalan zambo da habaici a cikin wasu ɗiyan waƙoƙin da Sa’idu Faru ya yi don yin yabo ko zuga ga Sarakuna da wasu riƙe da muƙaman sarauta, tare da isar da saƙo ga sauran jama’a. An kuma yi ƙoƙarin tattara bayanai da ƙwanƙwance su da nuna ingancin sakamakon bincike a kimiyance, ta amfani da ra’o’i da ihsa’iyar bincike.

Manazarta

 

Ado, A. (2020) DabarunGudanar Da Bincike Na Ilimi. Government Printing Department Ngogo Road Katsina.

Bakura, A.R (June 2, 2023) Zambo a cikin Wasu Waƙoƙin Alhaji Musa Ɗanba’u

Ɗangambo, A. (1984) Rabe- Raben Adabin Hausa Da Muhimmancinsu Ga Rayuwar Hausawa. Triumph Publishers Company. Kano.

Ɗangambo, da Yahaya, (1986) Jagoran Nazarin Hausa. NNPC Zaria.

Galadanci, da Wasu (1972) Hausa Don Ƙananan Makarantun Sakandare. NNPC Zaria

Gusau, S.M, (2002) Sarkin Taushi Salihu Jankiɗi. Baraka Publishers Ltd Kaduna

Gusau, S.M, (2003) Jagoran Nazarin Waƙar Baka, Kano. Bench Mark Publisher Ltd. Abuja.

Gusau, S.M, (1995) Dabarun Nazarin Adabin Hausa. Published by Fisbas Media Services Kaduna Nigeria.

Gusau, S.M, (1987, 1996) Makaɗa da Mawaƙan Hausa. Bench Mark Publisher Ltd

Gusau, S.M, (2008) Waƙoƙin Baka A Ƙasar Hausa, Yanaye- Yanayensu da Sigoginsu. Benchmark Publisher Limited.

Gusau, S.M (2011) AdabinHausa A Sauƙaƙƙe. Century Research.

Gusau, S.M (2023) Mazhabobin Ra’i da Tarke A Adabi da Al’adu Na Hausa. Century Research Published Limited. Kano

Ibrahim, S.S (1996) Dangantakar Waƙar Baka da Rubutacciya Ta Fuskar Salo da Zambo da Habaici, Kundin Digiri Na Farko A Jami’ar Usman Ɗanfodio.

Ibrahim, S.S (1983) Abokin Hirar Kowa ya sha Kiɗa, Nigeria Oublished by logman Plc

Lawal, N. (2016). Nazarin waƙoƙinMakaɗan bege na Hausa. Kudin Digiri na Biyu (M.A. Thesis). Sashen Koyar da Harsunan Nijeriya, Jami’ar Bayero, Kano.

Lawal, N. (2014). Tubalan gininturke a waƙar ‘samun ‘yancin kan Nijeriya’ ta Sarkin taushin Sarkin Katsina. Gusau, S.M. da Sani, M.A.Z. da Birniwa, H.A. da Mukhtar, I. da Aliyu, M. da Adamu, J.S. (Editoci). Garkuwan adabin Hausa. A festschrift in tribute to Abdulqadir Ɗangambo. Kano: Department of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University. Zaria: Ahmadu Bello University Press.

Muhammad, A. S. (2012). Nazarin ayyukan Makaɗa Sa’idu Maidaji Sabon Birni (1938-2000). Kundin Digiri na Biyu (M.A.Thesis). Sashen Koyar da Harsunan Nijeriya da Afrika, Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria.

Muhammad, A. S. (2014). Tarken turke a waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Maidaji Sabon Birni’. Gusau, S.M. da Sani, M.A.Z. da Birniwa, H.A. da Mukhtar, I. da Aliyu, M. da Adamu, J. S. (Editoci). Garkuwan adabin Hausa. A festschrift in tribute to Abdulkadir Ɗangambo. Kano: Department of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University. Zaria: Ahmadu Bello University Press.

Gusau, S. M. (2003). Jagoran nazarin waƙar baka. Kano: Benchmark Publishers Limited.

Gusau, S.M. (2008). Waƙoƙin baka a ƙasar Hausa: Yanaye-yanayensu da sigoginsu. Kano: Benchmark Publishers Limited.

Malunfashi, (2013) Tsarin Mazhabobin Adabi Kan Tarken Adabin Hausa. Kundin Digiri Na III BUK.

Umar, M.B (1972) Dangantakar Adabin Baka da Al’adun Hausawa (Mangwaron

Babajo, Zaria City Pobox 675, Zaria).

Yahya, A.B (1997) Jigon Nazarin Waƙa Fisbas.