Takalmin Kaza Mutuwa Ka Raba: Waiwayen Dangantakar Marigayi Mai Alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Alhaji Muhammadu Maccido Abubakar III Da Makada Sa’idu Faru

Citation: Muhammad, I.D.B.M. (2024). Takalmin Kaza Mutuwa Ka Raba: Waiwayen Dangantakar Marigayi Mai Alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar III Da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Four Decades of Hausa Royal Songs: Proceedings from the International Conference on the Life and Songs of Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru, 3(3), 13-20. www.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i03.002.

Takalmin Kaza Mutuwa Ka Raba: Waiwayen Dangantakar Marigayi Mai Alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar III Da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru

Daga

Ibrahim Muhammad Ɗanmadamin Birnin Magaji
Inkiya Fadar Maimartaba Ɗan’alin Birnin Magaji
Birnin Magaji, Jahar Zamfara, Zamfara, Nijeriya
Phone: +2348149388452
birninbagaji4040@gmail.com

Tsakure

Maƙala kan Marigayi Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ta ginu domin shiga sahun marubuta maƙalu domin samar da kundin da ke ƙunshe da nazarin waƙoƙin Sa’idu Farun don karrama Mai’alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Muhammad Macciɗo. Sa’idu Faru mawaƙin baka ne da ke cikin sahun jerin makaɗan bakan ƙasar Hausa. Sa’idu Faru mawaƙin rukunin Sarakunan ƙasar Hausa ne. Sauraren waƙoƙinsa ma sai manyan mutane musamman sarakuna, da jinin sarauta da waɗanda suke da dangantaka da fada da kuma manazarta ƙumshiyarsu, da neman tarihin abin da ya samar da waƙoƙin nasa. Fahimtar irin waɗannan abubuwan ne ya yunƙurar da azamar wannan maƙalar. Bayan an saurari tattaunawar da aka yi da shi lokacin da yake raye, da kuma wasu bayanai da masu gidansa Sarakai suka gabatar game da shi, sai na fahimci matsayin da ya bai wa kansa tare kuma da la’akari da yanayin matsayin da yake da shi a idon Sarakuna. Idan dai sarauta da waƙoƙin makaɗan sarauta a ƙasar Hausa za a yi nazari to babu wata tantama ba za a tsallake na Sa’idu Faru ba. Idan kuma shahararren fasihi mai zalaƙar baka ake nema, to Sa’idu shi ne kullume. Takalmin kaza mutu ka raba na nuni ne da irin zamantakewar ƙauna da ke akwai tsakanin basarake da baransa kamar yadda ya kasance tsakanin Sa’idu Faru da Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo.

1.0 Gabatarwa

Taron ƙara wa juna sani da Jami’ar Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Gusau Jahar Zamfara ta shirya domin karrama Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo tare da fito da fasihancin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru da ra’ayinsa na mazanjiya domin duniya ta fahimci ainahin wanda ake kira makaɗan sarauta. Wannan ya zo ne a daidai lokacin da waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru ke son su shige duhu. Mamaki ba zai kama mai nazari ba, sai yadda tambayoyi ke kara-kaina daga masu son su shiga sahu a dama da su wajen bayar da gudummuwa a wannan taron ƙara wa juna sani a kan waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Shin Sa’idu Faru yana da ‘ya’ya da jikoki a raye kuwa? Idan yana da iyali, ko sun ɗauki jan ragamar kiɗa da waƙar? Shekarunsa nawa ne a doron duniya kafin wafatinsa? Shi Sa’idu Faru Makaɗin Jama’a[1] ne, ko kuma ya keɓe kansa ga Sarakuna kawai wajen bayyana hazaƙarsa ta waƙa? Abin nufi a nan shi ne, Sa’idu Faru bai wuce shekaru 37[2] da rasuwa ba, iyalansa suna nan ‘ya’ya da jikoki, kaɗan ne da daga cikin abokan ma’amalarsa ke raye, masu sauraren waƙoƙinsa suna nan, amma tambayoyi sun fi a ƙirga kan rayuwa da waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru[3].

A ɗaya ~angaren, bajini kamar Muhammadu Macciɗo, mai karamomi kamar yadda muka sani, a ce an fara muhawara kan shekarun haihuwarsa, da sadda ya hau gadon mulki, ya sa a fara nusar da al’ummar Hausawa da harshe mai kaushi cewa, su farko, domin baccinsu ya yi nisa ta fuskar nazari, da bincike da adana tarihi. Idan har ana tambabar shekarun Muhammadu Macciɗo da ke cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, to ina ce ga shekaru da tarihin rayuwar sarakunan daular Usmaniyya da suka gabace shi na kusa-kusa? Kamar Mai Alfama Sarkin Musulmi Ibrahim Dasuki, da Mai Alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Abubukar na III? In dai ta bangaren taskace tarihi ne to wataƙila an adana wannan tarihin daidai a nazarce-nazacen ~angaren harshen Hausa, a cikin wannan maƙala, za a ga abin da bincike ya kalato domin cike gi~in da ke akwai, domin taskace tarihin magabata kamar yadda za a gani a cikin wannan maƙala.

Wannan taron ƙara wa juna sani, ya zo daidai lokacin da za a warware zare da abawa kan fasahar Sa’idu Faru, da tsawon dangantakarsa ta so da ƙauna da mutuntawa da ke tsakaninsa da maigidansa Muhammadu Macciɗo, da wasu tambayoyi da suka danganci rayuwarsu.

An ƙuduri aniyar bayyana tarihin alaƙar Sa’idu da Babban ubangidansa Sarkin Kudu Muhammadu Macciɗo wadda ta ginu kusan shekaru 34[4] Idan dama ta samu za a bayyana shekarun haihuwarsu, da lokacin da Sa’idu ya fara yi wa Macciɗo waƙa. Da adadin waƙoƙin da ya yi masa. Da kuma wasu daga cikin hikimomin da ke ƙunshe a waƙoƙinsa da Allah ya nufa hannayenmu suka sami damar dafawa.

Muhamman dalilinka nissan talata,

Muhamman dalilinka niz zamni Hausa[5] (Bayani from manuscript Facinating Emirate with Page).

Tarihin Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar III da Taraihin Sa’idu Faru a Taƙaice

A ƙarƙashin wannan take an kawo taƙaitaccen tarihin Muhammadu Macciɗo da na Sa’idu Faru. A nazarin da aka yi, an tsakuro abin da aka rattaba a sama, babu buƙatar a maimaita su a nan.[6] An zo da taƙaitaccen tarihin Sa’idu Faru bisa ga abin da aka ji daga bakinsa, da kuma waɗanda manazarta waƙoƙinsa suka ambata a cikin ayyukansu a zamanin rayuwarsa.

Rai’n Bincike

Ra’i wani silalen tunani ne wanda kan ginu bisa binciken halayyar ɗan’adam. An ciro wannan bayanin a cikin ayyukan da Ado, (2019:25) ya gabatar a kan Ra’i. Daga cikin bayanansa, ya yi ƙarin bayani ne da madogara daga tafsirin da Gummi, (1985:158). Shi Gummi, ya yi tafsirin wasu ayoyin Alqur’ani misali Aya ta uku (Suratul Ali Imran), Aya ta ɗari da tas’inda tas’in da ɗaya (190-91) Allah Ta’Allah yana son mutane masu tunani. Da sanin wannan madogara, Jagorori kuma Shaihunnai a cikin nazarin harshen Hausa, Farfesa Ɗalhatu Muhammad (marigayi) Farfesa Abdulƙadir Ɗangambo, Farfesa Ahmed Halliru Amfani, Farfesa Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau, da Farfesa Aliyu Muhammad Bunza da kuma Dakta AbdurRahman Ado suka ƙuduri ganin fitar tare da ilmantar da al’ummarsu irin waɗannan tunane-tunane da ke cikin harshen Hausa domin bayyana hanyoyin da za a riƙa nazari da su.Waɗannan Shaihunai da aka ambata a sama sun gabatar da ayyuka masu tarin yawa a lokutta mabambanta kan ra’o’in bincike waɗanda za mu gani a shafin bitar ayyukan da suka gabata da kuma a shafin manazarta. Wannan tunani na hikima da ke cikin Hausa da ake kira Ra’i ko Ra’o’i sun haɗa har da karin maganganun Hausa waɗanda suke a rukunin maganganun azanci da ke cikin Adabin Hausa.

Tun a shekarar 1993 Farfesa Sa’idu Gusau ya yunƙura wajen ganin ya fitar da wasu ra’o’i waɗanda za a yi amfani da su wajen yin tarke kan waƙar Baka Bahaushiya. Kafin aikin da Gusau ya gabatar, Farfesa Abdulƙadir Ɗangambo ya gabatar da wani aiki tun 2005 wanda ke ɗauke da dubarun nazarin waƙoƙin baka da rubutattu na Hausa. Waɗannan shaihunan malamai da ayyukansu sun haska wa masu nazarin adabin baka, sabuwar hanyar da za a bi domin fitar da tarihin waƙa da mawaƙa da al’adun da ke ɗamfare a cikin zamantakewar al’ummomin Hausawa. Mazhabar rubutacciyar waƙar Hausa (Ɗangambo, 2005), da Mazahabar Nazarin ƙwaƙƙwafi kan waƙar baka, da Mazahabar Tarihi da Yanayin wuri a cikin waƙoƙin baka (Gusau, 2015) duk sun yi tasiri wajen fahimtar rayuwa da waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru.

Da wannan shimfiɗa da ke sama aka samu lalabo Ra’in Mararanci da Ra’in Karin Magana a cikin Hausa “Takalmin Kaza…..” domin su yi ma wannan tsokaci jagora. Ɗaya daga cikin abin da Ra’in na Mararanci ke koyarwa shi ne zamantakewar al’ummomin da ake bayyana wasu halaye na girmmawa da ƙauna da soyayya, wato halaye da ɗabi’un da ake nazari tsakanin rukunin mutane. Wannan ra’i zai taimaka ma fahimtar Hausawa ta “Mutu ka raba” a matsayin wata halayya da ake gani ɗamfare a jikin al’adun Hausawa wadda suke bayyana ta ta nau’o’i daban-daban. A wannan aiki an nazarci wannan halayya a cikin waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru zuwa ga Muhammadu Macciɗo.

Tarihin Sarkin Kudun Sakkwato (Sarkin Musulmi) Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar III)

An haife shi a garin Dange, cibiyar mulkin Ƙaramar Hukumar Dange/Shuni da ke Jihar Sakkwato a shekarar 1926.[7] Mahaifinsa shi ne Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III. Mahaifiyarsa kuwa ita ce, Hauwa'u.[8] Ya yi karatun Addinin Musulunci a garin Dange kafin ya shiga makarantar ilmin zamani da ya kai shi har A.B.U. Zaria. Daga nan ya wuce Babbar Kwalejin South Devon da ke Ƙasar Birtaniya tsakanin shekarar 1952 zuwa 53.[9] Ya riƙe muƙamin Uban Ƙasa kuma Hakimin Gundumar Talata Mafara da ke Jihar Zamfara ta yanzu tsakanin shekarar 1953 zuwa 1956. Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo ya zama Wakilin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Arewa a Kaduna a cikin shekarar 1954. Ya kuma yi aiki a En'e (NA) ta Sakkwato a matsayin Kansila mai kula da Sashen Ayyuka kafin a canja masa wajen aiki zuwa Sashen Raya Karkara da kuma Sashen                 Aikin Gona tsakanin 1950 da 1960.[10]

Tsakanin shekarun 1967 zuwa 1970 ya riƙe muƙamin Kwamishinan Ayyukan Gona da kuma Harkokin Lafiya a tsohuwar Jihar Arewa Maso-yamma. Ya zama Shugaban rusasshiyar Jam'iyyar N.P.N. da kuma mai bai wa Shugaban Ƙasar Tarayyar Nijeriya Shawara ta Musamman a tsohuwar jihar Sakkwato a ƙarƙashin mulkin Shugaban Ƙasa Alhaji Shehu Aliyu Shagari tsakanin shekarar 1979 zuwa 1983.

A shekarar 1986 Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo ya samu shiga a cikin Majalisar da ke taimaka wa Mahaifinsa, Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III a wajen gudanar da sha'anin mulki.[11]

An naɗa shi Sarkin Musulmi na 19 a cikin watan Afrilu na shekarar 1996, Allah ya yi masa wafati ranar 29/10/2006 sanadiyar haɗarin jirgin saman ADC Airline a Abuja. Allah ya ji ƙansa da rahama, amin.

Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Sa’idu Faru

An haifi Sa’idu Faru a garin Faru, ƙarƙashin Masarautar Maradun ta cikin ƙasar Zamfara a shekarar 1916. Laƙabinsa shi ne Ɗan’umma. Abubakar Maikotso, wanda ake yi wa laƙabi da Abubakar Kusu shi ne mahaifinsa. Abubakar Kusu ɗa ne ga Alu Maikurya, asalinsu Gobirawa[12] ne. In dai ana maganar gadon kiɗa, to Sa’idu Faru ya gadi kiɗa ga uwaye da kakanni, domin Alu Maikurya makaɗin yaƙi ne, musamma ga Sarakunan Daular Gobir.[13] Allah ya yi wa Sa’idu Faru wafati a shekarar 1987 a garin Faru bayan taƙaitacciyar jinya*.

Daga Bakin Mai ita: Ƙuruciyar Sa’idu Faru a Zantawarsa

A Tattaunawar da Sa’idu Faru ya yi da Malam Hamza Sanusi Funtuwa na Gidan Rediyon Jahar Kaduna (KSMC), an yi masa wata tambaya da cewa: “Kana iya ba mu labarin ƙuruciyarka? Sai ya amsa masa da cewa: “Lallai ka tambaye ni abu mai wuyar tunawa. Sai ya fara da cewa: “Amma bari in gwada faɗar abin da nike iya tunawa, ina da shekaru bakwai ake zuwa da ni fagen shirya waƙa. A lokacin idan na sha hura sai na cika cikina tanƙal ya zama kamar Tulu.

In na hwara amshin waƙa sai in kama angaje (gyangyaɗi), da zaran bacci ya kama ni, sai a yi a ƙare ban san an yi ba. Amma daga bisani bayan na yi shekaru goma,sai na cigaba da amshin waƙa gadan-gadan ba da wasa ba. Ko da niy yi shekaru ishirin da bakwai, ina jagorancin waƙa[14]

Kaza Ci Goge Baki: Ban da Sa’idu goga mai kwana ɗumi na Mamman na Balaraba halayyar mutum rigarsa. Sa’idu bayan an tambaye shi dalilin yin ubangida a Sakkwato maimakon a Gusau, ai akwai Sarakai a Gusau masu darajoji kamar na Sakkwato. Sai ya ce:

Ba shi ba, ni ubangidana yana Sakkwato. Ai ni babu ruwana da Sarakan Gusau,

Ba su da amfani gare ni, ni ubangidana yana Sakkwato. Da shi da babu duk ɗai gare ni, ban san daɗinai ba.

Shi Sarkin Kudu….

Sannan magana ce mutane suna da butulci, suna da manta alheri da aka yi musu. Maganar da Sa’idu yay yi ya dunƙule ta cewa zuciyar adalci ga Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo shi yas sa ba ni da kamarsa.

Shekarun Sa’idu Faru a Tawilin Masana

Akwai taƙaddama kan shekarun Sa’idu Faru kamar yadda aka tsinta a cikin wasu bayanai a lokacin da ake tattara bayanan da suka gina wannan maƙala.[15] Misali, a ayyukan da Gusau, (1988 da 2011) ya gabatar, da kuma tattaunawa da ɗansa Makaɗa Ibrahim Sa’idu kamar yadda aka ga cewa kan shekarun mahaifinsa: “Ko da Makaɗa Sai’du Faru ya haife ni, yana da shekaru 43 a duniya a cikin shekarar 1959. Ko da ya rasu ina da shekaru 28 a duniya (1987), yanzu kuma shekaruna 65. Saboda haka Sa’idu Faru ya rayu daga shekarun 1916 Zuwa 1987”.

2.0 Dubarun Tattara Bayanan Wannan Maƙala

Bayan neman iyalan Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo da na Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru, domin tattaunawa da su, wasu daga cikin tarihe-tarihen waɗannan bayin Allah. Sai na ci gaba da neman wasu mutane waɗanda iyalan waɗannan mutane suka nemi a tattauna da su domin a ji daga gare su. Mutanen da iyalan Macciɗo da na Sa’idu sun haɗa ni da su, na bi su ɗaya bayan ɗaya na tattauna da su, za a ga jerin sunayensu a ɓangaren ɗure da manazarta.

Na nemi muhimman ayyuka da suka shafi rayuwa da ayyukan Mai’alfarma Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo. Na nemi duk wani aiki da aka yi kan Makaɗa Sa’du Faru. Na kuma nemi jawabai da su kansu suka yi kan junansu, da waɗanda suka labarta wa wasu, aminai ko kuma mutane masu neman bayanai. Wannan domin in yi bitar ayyukan da suka gabaci wannan aiki, da kuma ƙara ilmi kan abin da ya shafi tarihin rayuwarsu da dangantakar da ke tsakaninsu.

Ƙumshiyar wasu ayyuka kan waɗannan mutanen guda biyu ko aminansu, ko barorinsu, ko abokan aikinsu yayin da suke cikin zamaninsu.

Na binciki wasu kundaye da litattafai, waɗanda za su iya kasancewa a matsayin jagora ga mai son ya yi nazarin dangataka tsakanin wasu al’ummu ko wasu mutane, inda jerin ra’o’i ne domin a ɗora aikin bisa wani silale da zai jagoranci wannan aiki. Yin hakan ya sa an yi ma aikin shimfiɗa mai armashi.

Waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru na daɗe ina tanadinsu, hasali ma ba ni da tamkarsu wajen sauraro. Na ƙagara ban samu wata kafa da zan amayar da fahimtata a kansu ba, sai yanzu. Yanzu kam sai abin da na manta, don zan amayar da abin da Allah ya sanar da, ina jiran sauran masana su yi mini gyara a kan abin da ya shige mini duhu ta yadda zan ƙara fahimtar sassan abin da na yi masa mummunar fahimta bisa kuskure. Na shifce (rubuce) waƙoƙinsa da na saurara bisa ƙa’idar rubuta waƙar baka, na yi bitar su a lokutta daban-daban. Duk abin da aka gani a nan, gwargwadon fahimtata kenan.

Sa’idu Faru: Jemage Masu Gayyar Shillo a Fasahar Waƙoƙin Baka

An kawo matanin waɗannan waƙoƙin a cikin rataye na biyu a ƙarshen wannan maƙala

Waɗanda suka haɗa da: “Waƙar Muhammadu Macciɗo Maitaken:

“Bajinin gidan Bello Mamman na yari,

Sarkin Kudu Macciɗo ci maraya”[16]

da Maitaken:

“Kana shirye baban ‘yan ruwa,

Na Bello Jikan Ɗanfodiyo”[17]

da Mai taken:

“Farin cikin Musulmin duniya,

Mai Martaba na Abubakar”[18]

Da mai taken:

“Hattara Bajinin Gidan Bello,

Jikan Hassan Maganin Wargi”[19]

Da Mai taken:

“Shugaban Safun Gabas riƙa ƙwarai,

Muhammadun Amadu Uban Zagi”[20]

Da Maitaken:

“Mai babban rabo ginshiƙin Sarkin Shariffai,”[21]

Da Mai taken:

“Ya yi Sarki daidai wada mai yanzu yar riƙa,

Alhaji Macciɗo jikan Mamman mai dubun bara”^22[22]

Da Mai taken:

“Hattara Maimartaba Bello ɗan Bubakar,

Sarkin Kudun Hausa”[23]

3.9 Waƙar Muhammadu Macciɗo mai taken:

“Farin cikin Musulmi duk kai muka taƙama a yau

Muhammadu Muhammadu ɗan Abdu Maidarajja”[24]

3.10 Waƙar Muhammadu Macciɗo mai taken:

Sai na zo wurin kiɗa in ƙaro Ilmi,

Mamman bajinin magaji mai tattakar yaƙi.[25]

Jimlar waƙoƙi goma (10) na Sa’idu kan wasu mutane

An kawo matanin waɗannan waƙoƙi a ƙarƙashin rataye, a wannan zango an ambaci sunayen waƙoƙin da waɗanda Makaɗa Sa’idu ya rera wa waƙoƙin da shekarar da aka samar da waƙa/waƙoƙin.

Wannan waƙa tana daga cikin waƙoƙin da ya yi ma uwayen gidansa, marigayi Maigirma Sarkin Kiyawan Ƙaura Namoda, Abubakar Garba ke nan wanda ya yi Sarauta daga shekarar 1952 zuwa shekarar 1960 da aka cire shi.

Jagora: I, Abuu ‘Y/Amshi:

Amil na Namoda na, Ummaru ya dawo,

Wannan waƙa[26] ta naɗe (ƙunshe) tarihin gidan Sarautar Ƙauran Namoda, tare kuma da nuna dangantakar gidan Sarautar Daular Usmaniyya da na Namoda. Namoda na daga cikin waɗanda Shehu Usman bn Fodiyo ya ba tuta ta Musulunci domin a faɗaɗa ayyukan jihadin Daular Usmaniyya.

Waƙar marigayi Maigirma Uban ƙasar Talata Mafara, Jihar Zamfara Sarkin Gabas Shehu ɗan Sarkin Bauran Dange Muhammadu Ɗangwaggo ɗan Modibbo Usman ɗan Sarkin Musulmi Mu'azu ɗan Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Bello ɗan Mujaddadi Shehu Usman Ɗanfodiyo tagammadahul lahu bi rahamatihi. Ya yi hakimci a Talata Mafara daga shekarar 1958 zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1969.

Jagora: Madara da zuma na Jekadiya Shehu

‘Y/Amshi: Madara da zuma na Jekadiya Shehu

Wannan waƙa[27] tana ƙunshe da tarihin gidan sarautar Sarkin Gabas na Talatar Mafara. Sannan waƙar tana nuna cewa wannan Sarki yana da martabar gidan Shehu Usman bn Fodiyo, saboda haka yana iya zama Sarkin Musulmin wata rana, bisa gadon Daular Usmaniyya.

Wannan waƙa an yi ta a cikin shekarun 1950.

Waƙar Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru ta farko bayan ya fara jagorancin tawagar kiɗa ta gidansu wadda ya yi wa marigayi Sarkin Yamman Faru (Dagacinsu) Alhaji Ibrahim Abubakar/Mai Abu Faru a cikin 1940s.

Jagora/’Y/Amshi: Bi da maza ɗan Joɗ'i na Rwafi, Iro Magajin Shehu da Bello.

Jagora: Dawaya kora ɗimau na Wakili.

‘Y/Amshi: Dawaya kora ɗimau na Wakili.

Wannan waƙa[28]tana ɗauke da tarihin gidan sarautar Sarkin Yamman Faru. Sa’idu yana bugun gaba (alfahari) da wannan gidan sarautar domin nan ne aka haife shi. Saboda haka a wajensa, an kawo kiɗa gida. Haka Sarkin Yamman Faru yana gadon Sarautar Sarkin Musulmi ta ɓangaren mahaifinsa. An yi wannan waƙar ne a shekarun 1950.

Waƙar Dagacin Falale da ke gundumar masarautar Gummi, Tudun Falale/SarkinTudun Falale Muhammadu Muhammadu Maidabo.

Jagora: SarkinTudun Falale gogarman Magaji Ummaru,

‘Y/Amshi: Ba yau ba ko mazan jiya sun san kana da martaba,

Jagora: SarkinTudun Falale gogarman Magaji Ummaru,

‘Y/Amshi: Ba yau ba ko mazan jiya sun san kana da martabar.

Tarihin da wannan waƙa[29]ta ƙunsa ya danganci gidan Sarautar Bukkuyum da Gummi. Ali Jan Masari Bazamfare ne da ya tashi daga garin Tunfafiya (Tsohuwar Cibiyar MasarautarTalatarMafara) zuwa ƙasar Bukkuyyum.

Sarkin Mahwaran Gummi Muhammadu Maidabo zuriyar Muhammadu Waru ne. Muhammadu Waru kuma ɗan Sarkin Dankon Bukkuyum ne Ali Bazanhware.

Waƙar Marigayi Maimartaba Sarkin Yauri, Alhaji Tukur Abdullahi. Ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1955 zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1981.

Jagora: Na zaka in yi ziyara,

‘Y/Amshi: Ganin Muhammadu ni da ɗiya ka yi man.

Jagora: Na zaka in yi ziyara,

‘Y/Amshi: Ganin Muhammadu ni da ɗiya ka yi man,

Jagora/’Y/Amshi: Ganin Muhammadu ni da ɗiya ka yi man.

Wannan waƙar[30] ta ƙunshi wasu tarihe-tarihe a rayuwar Makaɗa Sa’idu inda za a ga cewa bai tsaya a yankin Sakkwato kaɗai ba, ya tsallaka har wajen Sakkwato ko kuma tsallaken Daular Usmaniyya domin ya kai fasaharsa ga wasu sarakai kamar Sarkin Yawuri Muhammadu Abdullahi 1955 zuwa 1981,

Wakar Maigirma dagacin Banga, Sarkin Yaƙi Sale Abubakar (wanda ya yi Sarauta daga shekarar 1934 zuwa wafatinsa a shekarar 1963), ta Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru mai take:

"Gwabron giwa uban galadima ɗan Sambo ginshimi,

Gamshiƙan Amadu na Maigandi kai a uban zagi.

 

Jagora: Zama giwa ta fito kiyo tai miƙa ta zo ta sha ruwa,

‘Y/Amshi: Ku ji ɗan zomo na hwaɗin hwaɗa ma su tsari,

Tsara mu tai gida,

Daji ya ɓaci ka a take mutum baƙi a akwai ciki,

Jagora/’Y/Amshi: Daji ya ɓaci ka a take mutum baƙi a akwai ciki.

Wannan waƙa[31] ta dagacin Banga ce. Banga shi ne ubangidan Sa’idu Faru na biyu. Mahaifin Sa’idu Faru (Maikurya) ya yi ma hakiman Banga waƙa a matsayin uwayen gidansa, musamman Sarkin Yaƙin Banga Audu. Saboda haka Sa’idu ya gadi waɗannan hakimai a matsayin uwayensa daga Mahaifinsa. Dagacin Banga shi ne ubangidan Sa’idu na biyu, bayan hakimin Faru.

Waƙar Ɗan’alin Birnin Magaji, Alhaji Muhammad Mode Usman wanda ya yi Sarauta daga shekarar 1945 zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 2005. An yi wannan waƙar a shekarar 1981 a wani gida da ake kira Gidan Doki (a halin yanzu gidan ne Maigirma Yariman Birnin Magaji kuma tsohon Ministan Harkokin Tsaro na Tarayyar Nijeriya, Burgediya Janar Muhammad Mansur Ɗan’ali murabus yake zaune) a garin Birnin Magaji.

Jagora: Ya toye matsafar azna,

Na Amadu Sarkin daga

Alhaji Gogarman Ɗan Maliki,

Koma shiri Ɗan’ali.

‘Y/Amshi: Ya toye matsafar azna,

Na Amadu Sarkin daga,

Alhaji gogarman Ɗan Maliki,

Koma shiri Ɗan’ali.

A wannan waƙar[32] Sa’idu ya fitar da Ɗan’ali Muhammadu Mode Usman a matsayin Karimin Basarake. Daga cikin Sarakuna akwai waɗanda kyautarsu kaɗan ce, amma Ɗan’ali kyautarsa tana ratsa zuciyar talakawansa saboda yawanta.

Waƙar marigayi Mai Martaba Sarkin Kano, Alhaji (Dr.) Ado Bayero.Ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1963 zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 2014.

Jagora: Bajinin gidan Abdullahi Maimartaba,

Zaki na Abashe Sarkin Kano jikan Alu.

‘Y/Amshi :Baba yau da kai kuma gobe da kai,

Ko jibi gogarma da kai.

Daga cikin waƙoƙin da suka nuna Sa’idu makaɗin Sarauta da Sarakuna ne, akwai wannan[33] waƙar ta Dr. Ado Bayero.

Waƙar[34] Sarkin Zamfaran Zurmi, Suleimanu Muhammadu Sambo kenan wanda ya yi Sarauta daga shekarar 1951 zuwa rasuwarsa a cikin farko-farkon shekarun 1970.

Jagora: Wada yaz zo da lafiya na kanau,

‘Y/Amshi: Kuma ya dawo da girma,

Jagora: Wada yaz zo da lafiya na Kanau,

‘Y/Amshi: Kuma ya dawo da girma,

Bajinin Sardauna Amadu,

Mai takakka ga azna.

Kakannin Sarkin Zamfaran Zurmi sun fito daga zuri’ar Abu Amil da Namoda. Su waɗannan zuri’ar Fulani Alibawa ne,waɗanda suka tarbi Shehu Usman Ɗanfodiyo a lokacin da ya kai ziyara a ƙasar Zurmi a ƙoƙarin da yake yi na kafa Daular Musulunci a ƙasar Hausa.

Waƙar marigayi Maimartaba Sarkin Zazzau, Alhaji (Dr.) Shehu Idris. An yi ta a shekarar 1975 lokacin da aka naɗa shi a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau. Ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1975 zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 2022.

Jagora: Gagara gasa bajinin Sarki,

Shehu halaliyag gidan Sambo.

‘Y/Amshi: Allah ya biya maka buƙata,

Kai ab babba a gidan Sambo.

Wannan waƙa tana ɗauke da tarihin naɗin Sarkin Zazzau, domin Sa’idu Faru yana daga cikin waɗanda aka gayyata saboda ya nishaɗantar da wannan taron a bikin naɗin sarautar Sarkin Zazzau Alhaji Dr. Shehu Idris.

Naɗewa

Zan naɗe wundin (tabarmar) wannan maƙalar ba don an amayar da duk abin da aka kalato kan Sa’idu Faru ba, sai dai don lokaci ya ƙure wa masu gabatar da wannan maƙala. Duk da haka nan, wannan tsakure ya binciko muhimman abubuwa da suka so su shiga duhu kamar:

Wane ne Sa’idu Faru a kundin makaɗa da mawaƙan ƙasar Hausa? Wane Tarihi Sa’idun yake da a rayuwarsa wadda ta saka ya yi wa sauran mawaƙa magabatansa da tsararrakinsa da na bayansa (makaɗa) tazara. Ai kuwa ƙunshiyar wannan maƙalar tana ɗauke da waɗannan amsoshi a shafi na 9 1.2 Tarihin Sa’idu Faru. Sa’idun ne aka ci sa’a da bakinsa a hirar da aka taɓa yi da shi ya bayyana kansa da kansa a duniyar ƙuruciyarsa da kuma a duniyar fasihancin waƙa. Daga wannan hira da aka yi da Sa’idu aka fahimci, Sa’idu ya hango ma kansa zama babban mutum a duniyar mawaƙan bakan ƙasar Hausa. Haka nan waɗanda yake waƙewa suka shaƙu da waƙoƙinsa, ta kai ba su faye jin daɗin waƙoƙin wasu ba.

Sa’idu mawaƙin Sarakuna da gidajen Sarautu manya da ƙanana ba kamar Shata ba da kowa yana yi wa waƙa, saɓanin tunanin Sa’idu, sai ga manyan mutane, masu babbar Sarauta. Kusan waƙoƙin Sa’idu da aka nazarta za a ga zalaƙarsa ta manyan mutane ce, kalmomin da ke ƙunshe a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarsa na zuga manyan sarakuna ne da manyan mutane, kamar Sarkin Kano Alhaji (Dr.) Ado Bayero da Sarkin Yawuri Alhaji Tukur Abdullahi da Sarkin Zazzau Alhaji (Dr.) Shehu Idris. Manyan Hakimai na Dagatai na ƙasar Faru da Talatar Mafara da Zurmi da Ƙauran Namoda duk sun kammale bakin Sa’idu. Bai gama ɗuminsa da ya kwana yana yi ba, sai da ya yi burki da Sarkin Musulmin Daular Usmaniyya tun bai zama Sarkin ba. Sa’idu ya manne masa da turun kiɗa har lokacin da mai rabawa ta raba su. Allah ka ji ƙan Sa’idu Faru da Muhammadu Macciɗo don girman Sallah da Salati, don Sayyadis Sadati.

Ban taɓa damuwa da sanin adadin waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru ba, domin ko shi kansa Sa’idu na sha yi masa irin wannan tambayar, amma bai bayar da amsa ba, domin shi kansa bai san adadin ba, amma a wannan maƙala an kawo guda goma sha shidda (16), ta Muhammadu Macciɗo guda shidda (6) da waƙoƙin sauran sarakuna guda goma (10). Sauran waɗanda aka nazarta ba a kawo su ba, ana nan ana fatar wani abin da zai bijiro game da fasihancin Sa’idun (saboda wannan taro farawa ce), don haka aka saka su a mala su zama guzurinmu nan gaba. Ana kuma dakon wata majalisar feɗe kayan cikin waƙoƙin makaɗa da mawaƙan Hausa domin a baje hajar fasahar Sa’idun a can. Amma a cikin waƙar Sarkin Yawuri, Sa’idu ya shaida masa cewar daga cikin waƙoƙin da ya yi masa, ya zo masa da guda ita ce yake rerawa, sauran waƙoƙi tara (9) suna gida kafin ya aiko masa da su. Wannan ya nuna shi Sa’idun ko da bai tanadi waɗannan waƙoƙin ba (zumar baka ce ya yi irin ta mawaƙi) to yana iya shirya su don shi waƙa ba ta gagararsa.

Ƙumshiyar waƙoƙinsa sun sa na fahinci tarihin gidajen manyan Sarautun da ke ƙarƙashin Daular Usmaniyya da na wajenta. Na kuma ƙara sanin yanayin mulkin gargajiya ta fuskar kai yaƙi da ɗaura ɗamara, wanda hakan ya ƙara bayyana Sa’idu Faru a matsayin jikan Makaɗa Alu Maikurya, Bagobirin da ya tunzura Sarakunan Gobir zuriyar Bawa Jangwarzo da kiɗansa a zamanin da ake yaƙin cacaɓa dauloli. Haka nan kuma na fara tantance zalaƙar waƙa. Daga fahimtar haka, yanzu na shiga dumu-dumu wajen nazarin waƙoƙin baka domin in ƙaru da tarin ilmin da suka ƙunsa.

Idan ban taɓa faɗi ba, to yau zan bayyana, da tarin ilmin da nake koyo a cikin nazarin waƙoƙin makaɗa da mawaƙan baka, musamman irin su Sa’idu da Musa Ɗanƙwairo da Narambaɗa da Kassu Zurmi, nike saita tunanina wajen tafiyar da rayuwata ta zaman duniya, da shirin komawa ga Mahaliccina Allah Subhanuhu Wata’ala.

Manazarta

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Bunza, A.M. (2009) NARAMBAƊA, Lagos: Ibrash Islamic Publication Centre.

Dangambo, A. (2007), Ɗaurayar Gadon Feɗe Waƙa (sabontsari), Zaria: Amana Publishers Limited.

Gusau, S.M. (2008), Makaɗa da Mawaƙan Hausa. Kano: Century Research and Publishing Company.

Gusau, S.M. (2013), Wasanni Don Yara. Kano: Century Research and Publishing Company.

Gusau, S. M. (2003), Jagoran Nazarin Waƙar Baka, Kano: Benchmark Publishers Limited.

Gusau, S. M. (2009, 2018 ,2019), Diwani Waƙoƙin Baka 1,3,4. Kano: Century Research and Publishing Limited.

Gusau, S. M. (2015), Waƙar Baka Bahaushiya No14, Kano: Bayero University.

Funtuwa, A. I. da Gusau, S. M. (2010) (editoci), Al’adu da Ɗabi’un Hausawa. Katsina: Federal College of Education.

Jean Boyd, (2010) The Sultan of Sokoto Muhammadu Macciɗo (1926-2006) ”2010, Cambridge University, Press Online publication, 19^th May, 2011.

Muhammad, M.S. (2020), Bahaushiyar Al’ada, Kano: Bayero University.

Umar M.B. (1987), Dangantakar Adabin Baka da Al’adun Gargajiya, Kano: Tofa Umar Commercial Press.

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Usman, B.B. (2018). “Ruwa-Biyu: Sabon Zubin Waƙoƙin Ƙarni na Ashirin da Ɗaya” cikin Yobe Journal of Languages, Literature and Culture (YOJALLAC), Damaturu: Yobe State University.

Yahaya, I. Y. da Ɗangambo, A. (2012), Jagoran Nazarin Hausa, Zaria: The Northern Nig-Erian Publishing Company.

Yahya, A. B. (1997). Jigon Nazarin Waƙa, Kaduna: FISBAS Media Services.

Yahya, A. B. (2016). Salo Asirin Waƙa (Sabon Bugu), Sokoto: GuarantyPrinters.

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[1](Sa’idu Faru ka Waƙar Mulki, komi kaj jiya ƙarya a kai” amshin waƙar shi ne Maimartaba na Wambai ɗan Hashim ƙanen Sarkin Kano” wannan ita ce waƙar da amshinta).

[2] 1987 hira da Ibrahim Sa’idu Faru rana 8/3/2018.

[3] Flatform da aka buɗe a cikin watan ɗaya 2024 don aika saƙonni kan shirye- shiryen taron karrama Sa’idu Faru.

[4]1953-1987 wafatin Sa’idu 1953-2006 Iyalan Sa’idu da Maccido, 1953- zuwa yanzu ƙauna ba ta yanke ba.

[5]Waƙar da Sa’idu da yay yi ma Sarkin Kudu Maccido mai taken “Bajinin gidan Bello Mamman na Yari….” A duba a cikin Rataye na biyu (II) za a ga zubin wannan waƙa

[6]A duba aikin da Jean Boyd ta gabatar a kansa mai taken “The Sultan of Sokoto Muhammadu Macciɗo (1926-2006)” 2010, Cambiedge University, Press Online publication, 19th May, 2011

[7]Kamar ɗure na 6, aikin Jean Boyd, shafi 10

[8]Kamar ɗure na 7

[9] Kamar ɗure na 8

[10]Kamar ɗure na 9

[11]Jaridar Peoples Daily online Publication 16 June, 2012

[12]Tattaunawar da muka yi da magadin Alhaji Sa’idu Faru, a ranar 8/3/2018, a gidansu da ke garin Faru a masarautar Maradun, jihar Zamfara, Nijeriya

[13]An samu tarihin makaɗa Sa’idu Faru a cikin littafin Makaɗa da Mawaƙan Hausa na Farfesa Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau. 2005 Century Publishers Kano shafi na 117

[14] Hira da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru 15 /8/1970, Malam Hamza Sanusi Funtuwa shi ne ya jagoran ci wannan tattaunawa da aka yi da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru a gidan Rediyon KSMC Kaduna.

[15] Gusau, 2008 Makaɗa da Mawaƙan Hausa, da Diwanin Waƙoƙin Baka Aikin Gusau da Tattaunawa da Ibrahim Sa’idu

[16]An samu wannan waƙa a hannun marigayiya Hajiya Goshi matar marigayi Ɗan’alin Birnin Magaji, Muhammadu Mode Usuman. Na karɓi wannan waƙa a hannunta a watan Maris, shekarar 1985.

[17]An samu wannan waƙar a gida rediyon Rima na jihar Sakkwato, a lokacin ina aiki a can a matsayin Jami’i mai farauto labarai, a watan yuni, 1995.

[18]An samu wannan waƙar a hannun iyalan Sa’idu Faru, da ke garin Faru, jahar Zamfara.

[19] Wannan waƙa an same ta ne a hannun Ali Bazabarme mai Kasset a bakin Bello Bara’u Randa Bawul a Gusau, jihar Zamfara a ranar 12 ga watan Ogas (August), 1999.

 [20]Ina matuƙar godiya ga Muhammad Magaji Sayaya, ma’aikacin gidan Rdiyo Najeriya na Kaduna, wanda ya taimaka ya lalabo mini wannan waƙar a ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, 2018.

[21]Malam Nuhu Jabo, na Ma’aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ta jihar Sakkwato, shi ne ya taimaka wajen samo wannan waƙar a 19 ga watan Satumba, 1994.

[22]Kamar a ɗure ta 16 a wajen Marigayiya Hajiya Goshi.

[23]Kamar a ɗure na 17 a gidan Rediyon Rima jihar Sakkwato.

[24] Kamar ɗure na 18, a hannun iyalan Sa’idu Faru, a garin Faru jihar Zamfara Nijeriya.

[25]Kamar ɗure na 24, a hannun iyalan Sa’idu Faru.

[26]An samu wannan waƙa a hannun Sarkin Sudan na Ƙauran-Namoda, Alhaji Ummaru Abubakar Garba. Samun waƙar ya kasance a dalilin kai masa ziyarar ban girma a fadarsa da ke garin Ƙauran-Naamoda, a ranar 30/03/2014.

[27]Alhaji Junaidu Mai Kaset Talatar Mafara shi ne ya samo mini wannan waƙar ya hannunta mini ita a wata haɗuwa da muka yi a garin Gusau, a ranar 20/10/2000.

[28] Na samu wannan waƙar a hannun Barrista Suleh Umar da ke jihar Jigawa a ranar 04/03/2018.

[29]A hannun Malam Ibrahim Aliyu Zabarma mai sayar da kaset a bakin gidan man total Gusau jihar Zamfara na samu wannan waƙar a ranar17/05/2022.

[30] Sarkin Makaɗan Yawuri Ibrahim Sani Aliyu Ɗandawo, shi ne ya ba ni wannan waƙar a ranar 18/08/2016.

[31]Na samu wannan waƙa a hannun Marigayi Malam Kabiru Makau Bunguɗu, Jami’i mai kula da ɗakin ajiye kaset-kaset na gidan Rediyon jihar Zamfara a Gusau. Na samu waƙar a ranar 10/11/2000.

[32] Marigayiya Hajiya Goshi matar Ɗan’alin Birnin Magaji ta taimaka ƙwarai wajen ba ni tarin waƙoƙi cikinsu har da kaset ɗin da ya naɗe waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru, na waɗannan waƙoƙin a ranar 05/09/1983.

[33]Na samu wannan waƙa a hannun Mayaƙin Kano Malam Magaji Galadima Abdullahi a ranar 19/11/2018.

[34]Alhaji Abdullahi Muhammad Birnin Magaji na gidan Rediyon Nijeriya na JiharZamfara a ranar 30/7/2019 a hannunsa na samu wannan waƙa.