Sharhin Wakar Gogarman Tudu Ta Ibrahim Narambada Tubali

Citation: Sani Magaji Abubakar, S.M., Adamu, U. and Gawuna, G.A. (2024). Sharhin Waƙar Gogarman Tudu ta Ibrahim Narambaɗa Tubali. Ginshiƙin Nazarin Salon Waƙoƙin Hausa, 295-298. www.doi.org/10.36349/djhs.2024.v03i01.036.

SHARHIN WAƘAR GOGARMAN TUDU TA IBRAHIM NARAMBAƊA TUBALI

Sani Magaji Abubakar

Usman Adamu

Garba Adu Gawuna

Sashen Hausa, Jami’ar iIimi ta Saʼadatu Rimi Kumbotso, Kano

Abstract

This paper employs the research of oral formulae of one of the oral songs of a renowned singer in Hausa land by name Ibrahim Narambaɗa tubali. the song titled Gogarman Tudu. Hausa oral songs have arose the attention of the researchers due to the logical themes established in them compared with other disciplines of Hausa literature for this reason this paper intends to find a little contribution to fill some of the gaps in this field. this study is built on the theoretical frame work of waƙar baka Bahaushiya (wbb) to make the analysis clear and befitted the context. the finding has shown that Makaɗa Ibrahim Narambaɗa has the power to competently filter his messages to the audience as he adopt wbb theoretical stanza pattern of + lead + chorus + cocoding + increase + corollary.

Gabatarwa

Wakar baka tana buƙatar aiwatar da wasu abubuwa daban-daban daga shi mawaƙin kafin ta kai ga madakin isar da ita ga masu sauraro. ana shirya ta ne ta hanyar tsarawa da samar da gangar jikinta cikin azanci da hazaƙa tare da naƙaltar harshe ta wajen jagora da kuma masu amshi ko karɓi ko rakiya.(gusau:1993:04).

harshen da makaɗa da mawaƙa suke amfani da shi cikakke ne kuma yana tafiya ne tare da kama irin tasa wadda ta sha bambam da tsarin zance na yau da kullum haka kuma a waƙoƙin baka ana amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban wajen shiryawa da salon jan hankali mai burgewa idan an samu fasihi kuma gwani wajen aiwatar da waƙar. wannan takarda ta yi duba ne ga ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin ibrahim narambaɗa tubali mai suna ‚gogarman tudu‛ wadda ya rera wa sarki isa da ke gobir.wannan nazari ya kalli batu guda ɗaya ne daga cikin batutuwan da a ke kalla a fagen nazarin waƙar baka wannan batu kuwa shi ne ‚awon baka‛

gusau (1993:04) ya bayyana cewa akwai wasu matakan da za a iya amfani da su wajen fito da ma’anar waƙar baka, wasu daga cikin matakan sun haɗar da rerawa da rauji da hawa da saukar murya da ƙari da amsa – amon da dai sauransu.shi wannan fagen nazari na awon baka ya shafi yadda makaɗi yake shirya waka a cikin zubin ɗiya da kuma dabarun karin murya da zubin layukan ɗiyan waƙa da tsarin rerawa da karin murya da dai sauran abubuwan da suka shafi nazarin awon baka.

1.1 Taƙaittacen Tarihin Rayuwar Ibrahim Narambaɗa Tubali

masana waƙoƙin hausa irin su gusau (1987) da shinkafi (1998) dan bunza (2009) sun tabbatar da cewar babu takamaimai lokaci da shekarar da za a ce an haifi ibrahim naramba ɗa. amma za a iya kirdado ko hasashe da wasu abubuwa da suka faru a wancan lokaci bisa wannan dalili ne ake hasashen cewar an haife shi a shekarar (1894 ko 1874) a garin tubali a shiyyar da ake kira dembo. wannan gari na tubali yana a gundumar da aka kira jangeru a ƙaramar hukumar shinkafi. haka kuma ya rayu na tsawon shekaru saba’in da ‘yan kai kafin ya koma ga allah. kamar yadda ya bayyana a wata waƙarsa inda ya ce,

Jagora: na wuce ƙaryako ina kiɗi

Na bar ƙarya ko ina kiɗi

Nai sittin saba’in naka hwaɗi.

Y/ amshi: Mai saba’in yai ƙarya

Ana ta zunɗe nai

Ko yaran da ag garai

Warwatse mashi sukai

Shina yawo shi ɗai baran-baran.

Y/amshi: Ya ci maza ya kwan yana shiri

Gamda’are sarkan tudu bala.

1.2 Ma”anar Awon Baka

awon baka kamar yadda gusau (2003:23) ya bayyana, yana nufin nazarin yadda makaɗi yake shirya waƙa da zubin layuka da yawan ɗiyan waƙwa da tsarin rerawa da karin mura da amsa-amon kari da dai sauran abubuwan da suka shafi awon baka. a yanzu za mu koma wajen ɗora waɗannan abubuwa da muka ambata na nazarin awon baka a waƙar gogarman tudu.

1.2 :1 Yawan Layukan a Ɗiyoyin Waƙar

awannan fanni ana duba yadda makaɗi ya shirya layuka ne na ɗiyan waƙoƙin sa ne nan take, a inda wasu kuwa tun daga gida suke shirya ɗiyan waƙarsu. ita wannan waƙa ta ‚gogarma tudu wadda ibrahim narambaɗa tubali ya yi, duka-duka ta ƙunshi ɗiya ashirin da ɗaya ne (21). a cikin waɗannan ɗiyoyi za mu ga cewa ɗa na 1 da na 2 da na 4 da na 6 da na 9 da na 11 da na 15 da na 20. dukkansu suna ɗauke da layuka biyu biyu ne, da na 3 da na 16 kuma suna ɗauke ne da layuka ukuuku na 7 kuwa ya na ɗauke da layukla huɗu ne, na 18 kuwa yana ɗauke da layuka biyar ne, shi ma na 19 layuka biyar yake ɗauke da su shi kuwa layi na 17 yana ɗauke da layuka tara ne da dai sauransu. ga misalin wasu daga ciki:

 

Jagora: shiri gama aiki na Dodo.

Y/amshi: ki fasawa Amadu wan alƙali

(ɗa na ɗaya mai layuka biyu ).

Jagora: maradun raba Dogon daji

Samarafa, da gusau da kadassaka,

Y/amshi: du dai Amadu ab babban ɗa

Ba ɗan tashi ka rama ne ba

Giyan tudu ka yi wa yaro nisa.

(ɗa na 19 mai layuka biyar).

Jagora: ai ba a gama ni da yaro,

Na san yaro bai yi muƙamina ba

Kak ku gama ni da yaro

Na san yaro bai yi zalaƙata ba

Kak ku gama ni da yaro

Na san yaro bai yi fusahata ba.

Y/amshi: ƙaryar banza yaro bai ka in da narambaɗa.

Mai tabarukin sarki

Kak ku gama ni da yaro

(ɗa na 17 mai layuka tara)

1.2.2 Zubin Ɗiya a Waƙar.

a wannan waƙar makaɗa ibrahim narambaɗa ya shirya waƙar ne ta hanyar bayeyeniya a tsakaninsa da masu yi masa amshi ta idan ya ƙulla zaren layi ɗaya ko biyu su kuma ‘yan amshi sai su karɓa su ƙarasa. shi maimaita gindin waƙar yakan zo ne jefi-jefi bayan rero ɗayoyi masu yawa . ga musali:

Jagora: ruwa da kada baban mandede

Y/amshi: baban shamaki manyan daga .

(maimaitawa).

Gogarman tudu jikan Sanda

Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai Hausa

1.2.3 Tsarin Ɗan Waƙar .

gusau (2003:33) ya bayyana cewar shi ɗiyan waƙa tamkar rassa ne na bishiya wadda ake fara hawa daga tushenta kuma a sauko ta tushen dai kuma . abun nufi a nan shi ne akwai hawa da sauka . a wasu lokutan akan samun jagora ya hau ta fuskar ma’ana da shirya ɗan waka sai kuma ‘yan amshi su sauko da shi ko kuma a yi akasin hakan .duk wadannan ana yi su ne ta fuskar kananan sakonnin da ake shiryawa a cikin wakar. gusau (1992) ya bayyana cewar hawa shi ne inda ma’anar saƙon da yake cikin ɗan waƙa ya fara shi kuma sauka yana nufin inda .

ma’ana ta sauko ɗan waƙa ya ƙare. ga misali:

Tsari ma’ana .

a1: Ai sarauta ban da nufin allah ce

b1: Da ɗiban ta akan yi da ƙarfi .

b2: Waɗanda nag gaza ganewa .

b3: Da sun ga .

ɓ1: Gogarman tudu jikan Sanda .

ɓ2: Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai Hausa .

a wannan ɗiyan waƙa na sama akwai:

a shi ne hawa wato farko sakon ɗan waƙa bisa ma’na. shi kuma harafin .

b1 yana a matsayin sauka watau ƙarshen saƙon ɗan waƙa waɗanda ‘yan amshi suka karɓa. ɗ shi she gindin waƙa .

Ga wani misalin:

a1: Ai ba a gamani da yaro ,

a2: Na san yaro bai yi mukamina ba .

a3: Kak ku gama ni da yaro .

a4: Na san yaro bai yi zalakata ba .

a5: Kak ku gama ni da yaro .

b1: Ƙaryar banza yaro bai kai inda Narambada .

b2: Mai tabarukin Sarki .

ɗ1: Gogarman tudu jikan Sanda .

ɗ2: Maza su ji tsoron dan mai Hausa .

1.2.4. Tsarin Rera Waƙar

tsarin rerawa wani yanayi ne wanda makaɗi yake rera waƙar cikin rauji dalhatu (2001) da gusau (2003) .a wannan fage ana duba yadda makaɗi yake haɗuwa da masu amshi wajen isar da saƙonnin da suke cikin ɗiyoyin waƙa.

suna yin haka ne ta hanyar bin matakai kamar haka:

kaɗaita:          furucin jagora

karɓi: furucin yan amshi

ƙulli:   kari ne daga jagora

Tarbe: karasa isar da sako daga ‘yan amshi wato jagora ya killa.

Karɓeɓeniya: dabara ta maimaita ɗiyan waƙa a tsakanin jagorada .yan amshi

Bayeyeniya: karɓa karɓa-karɓar furuci tsakanin jagora da ‘yan amshi

Ga jadawalin a takaice:

i-                    + ƙungiya + ƙulli + ƙari (+ gindin waƙa)

–                    i + karbebeniya ko

ii-                  ƙulli + i – ƙari + i – bayeyeniya + l – karɓeɓeniya.

ga misali daga waƙar

Ƙulli:   Dubu ta kamala ga Gwadabawa kable da fadar Gwandu

Ta kuma Tangaza nan ga Yabo

Ƙari: dange da Wurno da fadar Sakkwato

Dud dai Amadu ab babban ɗa

Gindin waƙa: Gogarman tudu jikan sand

Maza su ji tsoron ɗan mai hausa

1.2:5 Karin Murya a Waƙar

makaɗan baka na hausa suna amfani da hawa da saukar murya da faɗuwarta ko saɗaru na waƙa (gusau: 2003) wannan fage yana da matukar tasiri a tsarin waƙoƙin baka.

2.9 Kammalawa

wannan takarda ta yi duba ne ga abubuwa daban daban a fagen nazarin awon baka a waƙar ibrahim narambaɗa mai suna gogarman tudu. daga cikin abun da ta duba sun haɗar da yawan ɗiyan waƙar da karɓi da yadda akaƙulla zaren jerangiya na bayeyeniya a tsakanin jagora da kuma masu amshi haka kuma an ɗora wannan sharhi ne bisa ra’in waƙar baka bahaushiya wbb. haƙiƙi bisa ɗan wannan tsokaci da aka yi na wannan waƙar an ƙara gano yadda makaɗa ibrahim narambaɗa yake gwarzo wajen samar da sinadaran janhakalin masu sauraron waƙarsa, shi ya saka har yanzu waƙoƙinsa suke zama tamkar sababbi ga masu sauraro.

Manazarta

Ɗangambo, A. (1985). Ɗaurayar gadon fede waka’ makala wadda ba a bug aba. kano sashen harshen

Gambo, D. (1990). Maidaji sabon birni da waƙoƙinsa’. kundin digiri na farko kano: jami’ar beyero.

Gusau S. M (2003) Jagoran nazrin waƙar baka kano: benchmark publishers.

Gusau, S. M (2001). Waƙar gogarma tudu ta ibrahim narambaɗa a mazubin nazari’ a cikin algaita: journal of current research in hausa studies, vol. 1. kano: sashen harsunan nijeriya, jami’ar bayero

Ibrahim M. S (1978), Kowa ya sha kiɗa ibadan: longman nigeria limited.

King, A. Ɓ. (1980). Statement, restatement and eɗtension: stanzaic structure in hausa court songs’. zariya: department of nigerian and african languages, ahmadu bello university.

King, A. Ɓ. (1981). Form and funtions in hausa professional songs’ a cikin nigerian magazine.

King, A. Ɓ. (1986). An introduction to the life, and works of abubakar akwara (1876 - 1962). zariya: department of nigerian and african languages, ahmadu bello university.

Muhammad D. (edita), 1990 Hausa metalanguage (kamus na kebabbun kalmomi). ibada: university press limited.

Muhammad, Ɗ. (1973). Waƙa bahaushiya’ a cikin studies in hausa language, literature and culture no. 1. kano: cibiyar nazarin harsunan nijeriya, jami’ar bayero

Mukhtar, (i2000). Jagoran nazarin kagaggun labarai. kano: adamu joji publishers.