Nazarin Turakun Wakokin Masarautar Kauran Namoda na Makada Sa'idu Faru

Citation: Umar, M.A. & Kaura, H.S. (2024). Nazarin Turakun Waƙoƙin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda na Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru. Four Decades of Hausa Royal Songs: Proceedings from the International Conference on the Life and Songs of Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru, 3(3), 62-69. www.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i03.008.

NAZARIN TURAKUN WAƘOƘIN MASARAUTAR ƘAURAN NAMODA NA MAKAƊA SA'IDU FARU

Daga

Muhammad Arabi UMAR
Sashen Harsuna da Al’adu,
Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, Jahar Zamfara, Nijeriya
Imel: arabiumar@fugusau.edu.ng, arabizulaiha@gmail.com

Da

Halidu Sanda Ƙaura
Sansanin Ƙaura Namoda
Mai kula da Tarihin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda, Jihar Zamfara, Nijeriya
08080857718

Tsakure

Wannan takarda an tsara ta ne da manufar fito da turakun da ke cikin waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru na masarautar Ƙauran Namoda da ke Jihar Zamfara, Nijeriya. An yi wannan tunani ne saboda a ƙara fayyace gurbin da masarautar take da shi a daular Usmaniya, tare da matsayin masarautar a bakin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Haka kuma, wannan ya ƙara tabbatar da basirar makaɗa Sa’idu Faru a ɓangaren makaɗan fada, musamman yadda waƙoƙinsa suke cike da turaku daban-daban. Domin nazarin ya cimma nasara, an yi amfani da hanyoyin bincike na sauraren waƙoƙin mawaƙin tare da nazartar ayyukan da aka gudanar rubutattu masu alaƙa da batun da ake nazari a kai. Kauce wa kwasar karan mahaukaciya ya sanya aka yi wa takardar kadada, inda aka taƙaita binciken ga waƙoƙin makaɗin guda biyu. Wato, waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Abubakar Garba wanda ya yi mulki daga shekarar 1952-1960 da kuma ta Uban ƙasar Banga Sarkin yaƙi Sale Abubakar wanda ya yi mulki daga shekarar 1934-1963. Binciken ya yi amfani da Ra’in Waƙar Baka Bahaushiya (WBB) wanda Gusau, (1993, 2003, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2015) ya assasa. Takardar ta yi ƙoƙarin fito da turaku bakwai a cikin waɗannan waƙoƙi guda biyu. Turakun da aka iya fitowa da su, su ne: Turken addini da yabo da koɗa kai da jarunta da kyauta da zuga da kuma roƙo. An kammala nazarin da bayyana sakamakon bincike waɗanda suka haɗa da, Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda tana cikin manyan masarautu da tarihin daular Usmaniya ba zai kammala ba idan ba a ji motsin ta ba. Turakun da ke cikin waƙoƙin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda sun ƙara tabbatar da martaba da kuma buwayar masarautar a idon duniya. Haka kuma, Waƙoƙin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda na Sa’idu Faru tamkar wata taska ce da ta adana tarihi da iyakokin masarautar da kuma matsayin masarautar a daular Zamfara da ma ta Usmaniya gaba ɗaya.

1.0 Gabatarwa

Makaɗan baka dai tamkar wasu taskoki ne na adana tarihi da fasahohin al’umma. Don haka a kowane lokaci waƙoƙinsu cike suke da ilmomi mabambanta. Wannan dalili ya sa waƙoƙin baka na Hausa suka zama tamkar kirarin da Hausawa suke wa saniya, inda sukan ce: “Nagge daɗi goma” saboda tarin abubuwan da suka ƙunsa. A kowane lokaci mawaƙi ya furta wata waƙa ko waƙoƙi, manazarta fannonin ilimi sukan amfana da su a fannonin da suka ƙware. Misali, a fannin waƙoƙin baka kaɗai masu mamaren harshe sukan amfana da kalmomin harshe na asali tare da sanin yadda Hausawa suke amfani da su ta hanyar furtawa da tasrifi (ƙirar kalma) da kuma ginin jumla. Haka yake ga masu neman sanin wani abu na al’ada da tarihi da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi shugabanci da kuma zamanatakewa baki ɗaya. Sukan yi amfani da waƙoƙin baka saboda su naƙalci al’adar Hausawa ta asali. Ɓangaren adabi kuwa, su ne masu baje kolin wurin da tunanin mawaƙi ya dosa inda sukan fayyace fasahohin da ya yi amfani da su wajen isar da saƙonninsa. Fasahohi irin na karin magana da kirari da yabo da zuga da zambo da habaici da sauransu da dama duka a nan akan naƙalce su. Domin haka, waƙoƙin baka suka zama tushen fannonin ilimin harshe da adabi da kuma al’ada.

Buƙatar wannan takarda ce ta yi nazarin wasu turakun waƙoƙin masarautar Ƙauran Namoda waɗanda Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya rera. An yi wannan tunani ne saboda muhimmancin da Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda take da shi a Daular Zamfara da ma Daular Usmaniya gaba ɗaya. Shaharar da Ƙauran Namoda ta yi a cikin Daular Zamfara ta yi amo sosai a cikin waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Don haka wannan takarda take ganin ya kamata ta jefi tsuntsu biyu da dutsi (hoge) ɗaya. Wato, a fito da Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda a bakin shahararren makaɗin ƙasar Hausa, Sa’idu Faru, sannan kuma a fayyace hikimar da ya yi amfani da ita wajen tsara turakun waƙoƙin ƙarƙashin tsarin masana adabin Hausa.

1.1 Farfajiyar Bincike

Kasancewar wannan takarda an shirya ta ne da nufin amsa goron gayyatar taron ƙara wa juna sani a kan Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru, binciken da aka gudanar a cikinta taƙaitacce ne. Duk da haka, sha’anin masarautar Ƙauran Namoda a Daular Zamafa da kuma na Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru abubuwa ne guda biyu da suke da faɗi ƙwarai. Hakan ya sa marubucin ya yi ta raggo da aka ce ya sha hura ya tafi gona, sai ya ce, “a dai faɗa masa wanda zai yi daga ciki.” Don haka, an tsara takardar a fannin adabi, takardar ta taƙaita ga waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru na fadar Ƙauran Namoda guda biyu. Wato, ta Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Abubakar Garba wanda ya yi mulki a shekarun 1952-1960 da kuma ta Uban ƙasar Banga Sarkin yaƙi Sale Abubakar wanda ya yi mulki a shekarun 1934-1963. Baya ga haka kuma, takardar ta mayar da hankali a kan fito da waɗannan turaku: Addini da yabo da koɗa kai da jarunta da kyauta da zuga da kuma roƙo. An yi haka ne saboda kada a yi wa abin kwasar karan mahaukaciya. Waƙoƙin makaɗa Sa’idu Faru cike suke da bayanin isa da ƙasaitar sarakunan masarautar Ƙauran Namoda. Wanda duk bai san tarihin wannan masarauta ba, zai ga an wuce makaɗi da rawa wajen kambamawar da Sa’idu Faru ya yi wa masarautar. Haƙiƙa turakun waƙoƙin da Sa’idu Faru ya yi wa masarautar Ƙaurann Namoda cike suke da zuga da kuma tada maza daga kwana.

1.2 Hanyoyin Gudanar da Bincike

A bisa amana ta ilimi, akan bayyana yadda aka same shi domin gudun abin da Hausawa suke cewa: “jita-jita, hadisin Bamaguje” Sakamakon haka, wannan takarda ta yi ƙoƙarin bin hanyoyin tattara bayanai daban-daban. Binciken ya fara da sauraron waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru waɗanda aka adana su a na’urar memori ta hanyar waya. Bayan da aka ji waƙoƙin daga bakin wanda ya rera su, sai aka nemi rubutattun waƙoƙin da Gusau, (2009) ya tattara ya kira su da Diwanin Waƙoƙin Baka na Hausa. Hakan shi ya bayar da damar naƙaltar ɗiyan waƙoƙin da aka buga mislai da su. Abu na gaba da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar bincike shi ne, nazartar ayyukan da aka gabatar na kundayen digiri a matakan ilimi daban-daban da mujallu da maƙalu da kuma litattafai waɗanda suke da alaƙa da batun da ake magana. Har wayau, an yi amfani da kafar sadarwa ta WhastApp group inda aka samu ƙarin bayani a kan wasu waƙoƙin da makaɗin ya gudanar daga bakin masana daban-daban na kusa da na nesa. Takardar ba ta kawar da kai ga tuntuɓar wasu masana adabi da al’ada da tarihi ba, inda ta tuntuɓe su ta kuma samu bayanan da take nema.

1.3 Ra’in Bincike

A tunanin Bunza, (2022:7) ra’i shi ne: “Wani tunani na wani ko wasu da ya yi canjaras da wata maɓuɓɓuga ta ilmi da aka jarraba aka ci nasara cib-da-cib, ko aka ci rabi ko wani abu daga cikin rabin. Ke nan, babbar manufar ra’i ita ce hanyar ɗora aiki. Hanyar ɗora aiki takan kasance ɗaya ko fiye matuƙar sun yi kunnen doki da ƙunshiyar aiki, sadaka ta gamu da amin.” Ke nan wannan bayani ya nuna cewa, ra’i wata hanya ce da magabata suka samar da ita domin yin jagora ga ayyukan bincike na ilimi. Sakamakon haka, wannan bincike an ɗora shi a kan mazahabar awon baka wadda Gusau ya samar, wadda ake kira da hanyar nazarin waƙar baka Bahaushiya (WBB). Wannan mazahaba ta faro ne tun daga 1993 amma ta samu faɗaɗa inda aka ci gaba da amfani da ita a shekarun 2003 da 2008 da 2011 da 2014 da kuma 2015. An gina wannan mazahaba ne a kan waɗannan tubalai kamar haka:

a.      Salsalar waƙa

b.      Yanayin aiwatar da waƙa

c.       Yanayin ƙulla waƙa

d.     Raujin waƙa

e.      Turke da warwararsa

f.        Awon baka

g.      Tsarin sadarwa

h.      Adon harshe

i.        Aiwatar da harshe

Kasancewar wannan takarda taƙaitaccen bincike ne, saboda haka aka fi mayar da hankali a kan fito da turken masarautar Ƙauran Namoda a waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru. Sakamakon haka, an kawar da kai wajen fito da wasu abubuwa da wannan ra’i ya ƙunsa.

2.0 Waiwayen Tarihin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda

Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda tana da matsayi na musamman a Daular Usmaniya. Matsayinta ya kai ga cewa, tarihin jihadin Shehu Ɗanfodiyo ba ya kammala idan ba a ji amonta a ciki ba. An kafa garin Ƙaura Namoda a 1807 sanadiyar jihadin Shehu Usman Danfodiyo. Malam Namoda da ƙanensa Mamuda sun yi fice ƙwarai da gaske a cikin Jihadin Shehu. Sun amsa kiransa tun kafin fara jihadin Shehu kamar yadda Mai Kware Autan Shehu ya ambata cikin waƙarsa inda yake cewa:

Yat tashi nan daɗa yai zaman Sabon Gari

Jama’ar Musulmi sun ka ƙaru da so nasa

Nan anka samu Namoda yaz zaka shi kuwa

Ya tanyi Shehu haƙiƙa don bege nasa.

(Isa Maikware: Waƙar Gewayen Shehu).

Namoda ya ba da gagarumar gudummawa wajen Jihadin wanda hakan ya sa tarihin Daular Usmaniya ba ya kammaluwa ba tare da an ambaci sunan Muhammadu Namoda ba. Misali sanadiyar nasarar Namoda a yaƙin Fafara 1806, Shehu ya karrama shi da kalmar Al-ahul muzaffar (Ɗan’uwa mai nasara) bayan wannan ya rataya masa takobi mai suna Fate-fate ya kuma naɗa shi Sarkin Yaƙi, Malam Abdullahi Fodiyo. Ya yabi Namoda inda ya ce, “Fani’imal jam’u, jam’u Namoda yaumal taƙal jam’ani fi arja’i Zurmi.” (Madalla da wannan haɗuwa da Namoda, ranar da jama'a biyu suka haɗu a farfajiyar Zurmi).

Sarkin Musulmi Bello ya ci Alƙalawa a Oktoba 1808 (Sha’aban 1223) Zaratan zaruman da suka taimaka masa su ne:

a.      Aliyu Joɗi jagoran rundunar Gabas

b.      Ummaru Dallaje Jagoran rundunar Yamma

c.       Muhammadu Namoda jagoran rundunar Arewa

d.     Sarkin Musulmi Bello Jagoran ɓangaren Kudu

Shehu Usman ya umurci Namoda ya je magangamar Gulbin Gagare da ƙoramar Gabake ya kafa garinsa. Shehu da kansa ya raɗa wa wannan wuri suna “Ƙaurar Namoda” Bayan kafuwar garin Ƙaurar Namoda, Muhammadu Namoda ya yi shahada a Buhut lokacin da dakarun Sarkin Kiyawa suka kashe shi bayan ya dawo daga Yaƙin Tawayen Abdussalam. Da mayaƙan Kiyawa suka kai wa sarkin Kiyawa Dagazau kan Namoda da suka sare, maimakon murna sai ya razana ya fashe da kuka ya ce masu “wannan ai kaina ne kuka sare”. Mamuda ƙanen Namoda ya ɗau fansa ya sare kan Sarkin Kiyawa Dagazau Na Ma’inna. Sanadiyar haka Shehu ya karrama Mamuda da sarautar Sarkin Kiyawa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa ake kiran sarkin Ƙauran Namoda da sunan Sarkin Kiyawan Ƙaura Namoda.

Ƙauran Namoda na da matsayi na musamman a daular Usmaniyya. Sarkin yaƙin Namoda ya auri Hannatu ɗiyar Shehu, kuma ya aurar da ɗiyarsa Nana ga Buhari ɗan Shehu kuma jikanyarsa ita ce kakar waziran Sakkwato. Kauran Namoda ta zama wurin zaman ribaɗi da sarkin Musulmi ke yi da sarakunan sarkin Musulmi na goma Umar Aliyu (1881 -1891) ya rasu a Ƙauran Namoda, an kuma naɗa sabon sarkin Musulmi na II Abdulrahman Ɗan Atiku a Ƙauran Namoda ƙarƙashin jagorancin waziri Buhari. Kabarin Sarkin Musulmi Umar yana nan a fadar Ƙauran Namoda. Lokacin mulkin Umarun Mamuda,(1870-1903) masarautat Ƙauran Namoda ta ƙunshi Zurmi, Ƙauran Namoda, Moriki da Kwatarkwashi. Har ila yau, bayan ƙirƙiro jihar Zamfara lokacin sarkin Kiyawa Alhaji Ahmadu Asha (1997-2001) ta ƙunshi ƙananan hukumomin Birnin Magaji, Shinkafi, Ƙauran Namoda da Zurmi. Turawan Mulkin Mallaka, sun gina godaben jirgin ƙasa zuwa Ƙauran Namoda a 1929. Sanadiyar wannan, garin ya zama cibiyar kasuwanci bayan haka Ƙauran Namoda ta zama cibiyar ilimi. Ana yi ma Ƙauran Namoda kirari da: “Ƙaura ta Namoda mai kamar yau salla...” Tun lokacin ribaɗi 1870 har zuwa 1960 ana kai da kawo a Ƙauran Namoda a 1903 sarkin Kano Aliyu Majehim Mashi ya yi mubayi’a ga sarkin Musulmi Abdulrahman da doki 1000.

2.1 Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru

Alhaji Sa’idu Faru ɗaya ne daga cikin makaɗan sarakuna da suka yi fice a ƙasar Hausa. Ya gaji kiɗi da waƙa ba haye ya yi ba. Wato, ya gaji kiɗi da waƙa wajen uwaye da kakanni. Ya fito daga yankin Fadamar Gulaben Sakkwato, Rima da Gagare. Sa’idu Faru cikakken makaɗin sarauta ne. Mafi yawan waƙoƙinsa na sarauta ne. An haife shi garin Faru, da take ƙaƙarshin Masarautar Maradun ta jihar Zamfara ta yanzu a daidai shekarar 1916. Ana yi masa laƙabi da Ɗan’umma. Sunan mahaifinsa Abubakar Maikotso, wanda ake yi masa laƙabi da Abubakar Kusu. Abubakar Kusu ɗa ne a wajen Alu Maikurya ne. Wannan magana ta tabbatar da bayanin da aka bayyana cewa, Sa’idu Faru ya gaji kiɗa ne daga wajen uwayensa. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya shahara a tsakanin makaɗan zamaninsa musamman waɗanda suke kiɗan fada. Ubangidansa da yake wa kiɗa da waƙa shi ne Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Macciɗo. Duk da yake wata ƙudura ta Allah ba ta nufi Sa’idu Faru riskar lokacin da ubangidansa (Mai’alfarma Muhammadu Macciɗo) ya zama Sarkin Musulmi ba. Don haka lokacin da ake bukin murnanr naɗa shi Sarkin Musulmi, duk waɗanda suka san shi da Mai’alfarma Muhammadu Macciɗo sukan sake yin juyayin rashin Sa’idu Faru a wannan rana, musamman saboda gudunmawar da zai bayar ta waƙa. Sa’idu Faru ya rasu a shekarar 1987 a garinsu Faru, bayan ya yi fama da wata taƙaitacciyar jiyya.

3.0 Turakun Waƙoƙin masarautar Ƙauran Namoda na Sa’idu Faru

Gusau, (2008:370) ya bayyana cewa: “Turke a ƙa’idar masu nazarin waƙar baka na nufin saƙon da waƙa take ɗauke da shi. Idan an ce saƙo kuma ana magana ne kan manufar da ta ratsa waƙa tun daga farkonta har zuwa ƙarshenta, ba tare da karkacewa daga ainihin abin da ake zance a kansa ba.” Wannan ma’ana ta haska wa wannan bincike cewa, turke yana nufin babban saƙon da mawaƙin baka yake so ya isar a cikin waƙarsa. Ke nan idan an ce turke, ana magana a kan saƙo guda ɗaya. Jam’in turke sai ya zama turaku, wato saƙonni ke nan. A ɗan kazar-kazar ɗin da wannan takarda ta yi a fagen nazarin turakun waƙoƙin Sa’idu Faru na fadar masarautar Ƙauran Namoda, ta iya hango waɗannan turaku:

3.1 Turken Addini

Addini a wannan muhalli ana nufin addinin Musulunci wanda Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya aiko Annabi Muhammadu Tsira da Amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya isar da shi ga al’umma. Kasancewar fadojin da mawaƙanmu na baka suke wa waƙa da su kansu mawaƙan suna kan tafarkin wannan addini na Mususlunci akan ji amonsa a cikin ɗiyan waƙoƙinsu. Don haka Gusau, (2008:289) yake ganin wannan dama ce da waƙoƙin baka suka samu, suke amfani da ita wajen ambaton wasu ayyukan ibada don ƙaruwar jama’a. Sa’idu Faru ya fito da wannan turke a waƙar da ya yi wa Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda inda yake cewa:

Jagora /Y/Amshi: Namoda ya mutu dud nan ƙasag ga bai da iyaka,

: Hab bisa kurmin gwanja ya kai,

: Ya kamo Inyamuri ɗari ya zuba gonatai,

: Ya ce su yi noma suna faɗin mita ta noma?

: Ya ce su yi sallah

: Suna faɗin duƙi Y/Hausa,

: Ya sa su karatu suna hwaɗin suruttan banza,

: Sa an nan yamma babu kowa,

: Tutam Mujaddadi ɗai ta ah Hausa,

: Nan ko kudu ba abin da an nan ba azna ba,

: Gabas ɗakin Kaba shi muke tsinka don haske,

: Nan ko Gobir akwai na Yakuba ga Jan Gwarzo,

: Da imanin Shehu yai tudu

: Ummaru yad daho.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar).

A wannan ɗan waƙa makaɗa ya ambato wasu daga cikin ayyukan sarakunan Ƙauran Namoda waɗanda suka ƙunshi kira zuwa ga Allah da jihadi da yaɗa kalmar Allah a wurin da ba ta kai ba, da kuma umarni ga yin salla. Ga al’ada, tabbata a kan hanyar ƙwarai ita takan kai mutum ga zamowa wani zaɓaɓɓen bawan Allah. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya gwada cewa, Sarakunan Ƙauran Namoda sun taka wannan matsayi, don haka yake ƙara tabbatarwa, Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda yana da tushen waliyantaka tun daga uwayesa. Ga abin da ya ce:

Y/Amshi: Garba mai Ɗ/Isa da Ƙawari da waɗan Torawa,

: Waliyi ɗan auliya'u,

: Jikan mai girma,

: Daɗai darajam Mamudu

: An sani an ga ta tun farko,

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar)

3.2 Turken Yabo

Yabo a waƙoƙin baka yana nufin ambaton kalmomin sambarka da nufin nuna amincewa da hali ko wani abin da mutum ya yi nagari. Ko kuma ana iya cewa, yabo wani lafazi ne da ake yi ga wani mutum domin a nuna halayensa da siffofinsa kyawawa da cewa abin so ne kuma abin ƙauna, (Gusau, 2008:376). Makaɗa ya fito da turken yabo a lokacin da yake yabon Sarkin Ƙaura Abubakar inda yake cewa:

Jagora: Abu gogarman Magaji mai kansakilin daga,

: Garba ka gyara gidan Namoda ka gyara Hubbare,

: Ka wuce aikin mutum a ce wa na aiko shi,

: Ka wuce ɓacin mutum a ce wa naɓ ɓato shi.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sakin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar)

Wannan ɗan waƙa ya fito da turken yabo dangane da ayyukan da Sarki ya yi na gyara wuraren da ya kamata, tare da nuna yadda Sarki ya shagalta ga ayyukan raya ƙasa ba fuskantar ‘yan adawa ba.

3.3 Turken Koɗa Kai

Ambato ne na abubuwan ƙasaita ko burgewa da mutum yake da su ko yake aikatawa, (Gusau, 2008:388). Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya fito da wannan turke a waƙoƙinsa na masarautar Ƙauran Namoda, inda yake nuna waƙarsa gaba take da ta duk wani mawaƙi da ake ganin ya shahara irin su, Narambaɗa da Auta Daɗi da Jankiɗi da sauransu. Ga abin da yake cewa:

Jagora: Narambaɗa

‘Y/Amshi: Waƙad da yay yi ma ba ta yi kamat tau ba,

Jagora: Auta Daɗi

‘Y/Amshi: Waƙad da yay yi ma ba ta yi kamat tau ba,

Jagora: I, Jankiɗi Waƙad da yay yi ma

‘Y/Amshi: Na ishe tai daɗi,

: Amma in an yi bincika ba ta yi kamat tau ba

Jagora: Ni Kiɗin yaƙi niy yi ma Abu Na Isau

‘Y/Amshi/Jagora: Ba ni son kana zannawa banza,

: Ka ɗauki takobi da bindigogi da bakunkuna ka sa sirdi,

: Ba mu sansani sai bakin Tsabre,

: Kano da Katcina Kwantagora hab Barno,

: Riƙon Namoda shi na ac can,

: Garba ka anshe riƙon dud da Ummarun Ummaru yab bar ma.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sakin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar)

A wannan ɗiyan waƙa makaɗa ya zama tamkar abin da Hausawa suke cewa, “magori wasa kanka da kanaka.” Sa’idu Faru ya lissafo wasu fitattun makaɗa waɗanda suka gabace shi a fagen waƙa, inda yake gwada tsawo da su a waƙoƙin masarautar Ƙauran Namoda. Makaɗa bai yi musun ƙwarewarsu a fagen waƙa ba, amma dai yana ganin waƙar da ya rera wa Sarkin Kiyawan Ƙauran Namoda ta zarce ta su. Hujjarsa a nan ita ce, waƙoƙin da suka yi masa ba su ambaci jarumtar masarautar a fagen yaƙi kamar yadda ya ambata ba. Don haka ya ce:

Jagora: Ni Kiɗin yaƙi niy yi ma Abu Na Isau

‘Y/Amshi/Jagora: Ba ni son kana zannawa banza.

3.4 Turken Jarunta

Gusau, (2008:387) ya bayyana cewa, wannan kalma tana nufin juriya ko ƙarfin hali ko wata bajinta a lokacin aiwatar da wani abu. Idan an ce mutum mai jaruntaka ne, to ana nufin gwarzon namiji ne mai taurin hali ko mai naciya ko maras tsoro wanda ba ya firgita ballantana ya sami faduwar gaba. Makaɗa sa’idu Faru ya fito da yanayin jarumtar Sarakunan Ƙauran Namoda ta fuskar yaƙi inda yake cewa:

Jagora: Ni Kiɗin yaƙi niy yi ma Abu Na Isau

Y/Amshi/Jagora: Ba ni son kana zannawa banza,

: Ka ɗauki takobi da bindigogi da bakunkuna,

: Ka sa sirdi ba mu sansani sai bakin Tsabre,

: Kano da Katcina Kwantagora hab Barno

: Riƙon Namoda shi na ac can,

: Garba ka anshe riƙon dud da Ummarun

: Ummaru yab bar ma.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sakin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar)

A wannan ɗan waƙa, an nuna yadda masarautar Ƙauran Namoda take da faɗi a wancan lokaci. Wannan ya nuna masarautar ba ta raggaye ba ce musamman a fagen yaƙi. Don haka take da faɗin ƙasa. Wannan magana ta Sa’idu Faru ta tabbata, musamman idan aka dubi yadda masarautar Ƙauran Namoda take da tagomashi a wurin Sarkin Musulmi. Tarihi ya tabbatar akwai Sarkin Musulmin da ya yi wafati a Ƙauran Namoda. Haka kuma, Sarkin Kano ya yi wa Sarkin Musulmi mubayi’a a Ƙauran Namoda da doki 1000. Zaman Ribaɗi da aka yi a Ƙauran Namoda (1870-1903) ya nuna ana hawan daba da nuna girma da ƙasaitar masarautar a Ƙauran Namoda tun kafin zuwan Turawan Mulkin Mallaka. Zaman Ribaɗi, ana yin sa ne domin nuna ƙarfi da ƙasaitar Daular Usmaniya.

Waɗannan bayanai sun isa su nuna yadda masarautar take a idon shugabannin masu jihadi. Gwargwadon buwaya da jarumtar sarki, waɗanda suke ƙasa da shi sukan zamo kamarsa ko kuma kwatankwacinsa. Don haka Hausawa sukan ce: “Kamar kumbo kamar kayanta.” Sanin haka ya sa Sa’idu Faru yake bayyana jarumtar wani uban ƙasa na masarautar Ƙauran Namoda saboda gamsuwa da ya yi da ƙoƙarin masarautar ta fuskar jarumta. Ga abin da yake cewa:

Jagora: Gurnanin Damisa ka sa mahwarauta sun ɗora ɗemuwa,

Y/Amshi: Ga wani ya yi kokuwa da wan ƙarfi nai,

:Ya hwaɗi ya kare,

: Tun ba a tantance ba shi na nishi ya lanƙwanshe tsara,

Jagora /Y/Amshi: Tun dai ba a tantance ba shi na nishi ya lanƙwanshe tsara,

(Sa’idu Faru: Waƙar Dagacin Banga Sale Abubakar)

A wannan ɗan waƙa, makaɗa ya yi amfani da salon kinaya inda ya kira sunan sarki (uban ƙasa) da damisa, sauran masu adawa da shi kuma ya ambace su da mafarauta, saboda ƙoƙarin neman iko suke ba su samu ba. Wannan dalili ya sa a lokacin da ƙoƙarin kai wa damisa farmakin farauta sai ta kore su ta sanya su ɗimuwa.

3.5 Turken Kyauta

Kyauta a nan tana nufin abubuwan da makaɗi yakan ambato an ba shi na kyautuka a cikin waƙoƙinsa .A tunanuin Bunza (2009:123), sunan kowane irin makaɗi maroƙi, idan kuwa maroƙi bai yi roƙo ba me zai ci? Su kansu makiɗan sukan kira kiɗa roƙo, kuma suna gudanar da shi ne saboda su samu wani abin biyan buƙatar rayuwa. Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya fito da turken kyauta a wannan ɗan waƙa inda ya ambaci sarki da ruwan sama wanda yake yanke fari. Ma’ana sarki yana kyautar da takan yanke ƙamfar talauci saboda lilwantar da akan yi da kyautar da ya bayar. Ga abin da yake cewa:

Jagora: I, Abuu,

Y/Amshi: Amil na Namoda na,

: Ummaru ya dawo.

Jagora: I, Abuu,

Y/Amshi: Amil na Namoda na,

: Ummaru ya dawo,

: Mu koma Ƙaura ga ɗan

: Isau in aza kayana.

Jagora: Abu na Dikko ruwa maganin hwari ɗan Mamudu.

Y/Amshi: Garba mai Ɗ/Isa da Ƙawari da waɗan Torawa

Jagora: Abu Na Dikko ruwa maganin hwari ɗan Mamudu

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar).

3.6 Turken Zuga

Zuga tana ɗauke da wasu kalmomi ne da ake amfani da su a koɗa wani mutum, a cicciɓa shi, a nuna fifikonsa a kan wasu. Zuga takan tsuma mutum ta sa masa kuzari da ƙwarin gwiwa, (Gusau, 2008:377). Sa’idu Faru ya yi amfani da wannan turke inda ya bayyana fifikon Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda a kan wasu sarakuna. Ga abin da yake ce masa:

Jagora: Ginshiƙin Alƙali uban Galadima ɗan Mamman

Y/Amshi: Jirgin bisa ba kula da kwalta ye kai ba,

: Ko cikin daji kab bi ban ga mai ce maka komi ba.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar).

A wanna ɗan waƙa, makaɗa ya nuna cewa, irin fifikon da jigin sama yake da shi a kan mota, haka Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda yake da shi a kan abokan adawarsa. Don haka ya nuna Sarki sha’anin gabansa na tsarin mulki da ci gaba da ɗaukar takalifin mutane yake bai san da masu adawa ba. Kamar yadda jirgi bai damu da hanyar kwalta ta mota ba, haka shi ma sarkin Kiyawa Ƙauran Namoda bai da mu da su ba, saboda yana gabansu.

3.7 Turken Roƙo

CNHN (2006:374) ya fassara kalmar roƙo da: “Sana’ar maroƙa ta yi wa mutane kirari ko yabo a yi musu kyauta, ko kuma nenan kyauta daga wani. Ga al’adar mawaƙan baka na fada, a kowane lokaci suka yi waƙa sukan keɓe wani ɓangare a cikinta su fito da buƙatun da suke nema sarki ya cika musu. Kodayake ba kasafai sukan bayyana buƙatarsu kai tsaye ba, sukan laɓe da wasu abubuwa kafin su faɗi tasu. A wannan wuri makaɗa ya ambaci buƙatunsa kai tsaye ga Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda inda yake cewa:

Jagora: Abin da kay yi.

‘Y/Amshi: Nufi Bubakar na da gani cika man shi.

Jagora: Naɗa mani Sarkin kiɗi ka ba mu gida.

‘Y/Amshi: Kuma ba mu mata mui amre,

: Garba ka ba mu rifenin da za mu ci tare da matana.

(Sa’idu Faru Waƙar Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda Garba Abubakar).

A wannan ɗan waƙa, Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya nuna aniyarsa ta komawa Ƙauran Namoda saboda ƙaunar da take tsakaninsa da Sarki. Wannan dalili ya sa yake tabbatar wa da Sarki ya cika masa nufinsa na wannan aniya tasa. Babban abin da yake buƙata shi ne, a naɗa shi Sarkin kiɗan masarautar Ƙauran Namoda, sannan a ba shi gida, a yi masa aure a kuma ba shi abinci mai yawan da zai zuba shi a rufeni (rumbuna) domin ya ciyar da yalansa. Wannan ɗan waƙa ya fito da turken roƙon da Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya yi ga Sarkin Ƙauran Namoda. A ɓangare ɗaya kuma, wannan ɗan waƙa ya fito da al’adar sarakuna na ɗaukar takalihun mawaƙansu ta fuskar wurin zama da yi musu aure da suna idan buƙatar hakan ta taso da yi musu sutura da kuma ciyar da su.

4.0 Sakamakon Bincike

Ga ƙa’idar masana bincike, ana buƙatar a ƙarshen kowane aiki a bayyana abin da aka iya ganowa. Don haka, wasu daga cikin sakamakon da wannan bincike ya kai ga ganowa sun haɗa da:

a.      Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda tana cikin manyan masarautu da tarihin Daular Usmaniya ba zai kammala ba idan ba a ji motsin ta ba.

b.      Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru ya ƙara fito da masarautar Ƙauran Namoda a tsakanin sarakuna, musamman idan aka dubi waƙoƙin da ya rera mata.

c.       Sa’idu Faru cikakken makaɗin fada ne, saboda haka yake amfani da kalmomin da a fada kaɗai ake amfani da su a cikin waƙoƙinsa. Wannan dalili ya sa ya yi amfani da turakun da wannan takarda ta tattauna akansu.

d.     Turakun da ke cikin waƙoƙin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda sun ƙara tabbatar da martaba da kuma buwayarta a idon duniya.

e.      Waƙoƙin Masarautar Ƙauran Namoda na Sa’idu Faru tamkar wasu taskoki ne na adana tarihi da iyakokin masarautar da kuma matsayin masarautar a Daular Zamfara da ma ta Usmaniyya gaba ɗaya.

5.0 Kammalawa

Daga ƙarshe, ficen da masarautar Ƙauran Namoda ta yi a tsakanin masarautu ya ba ta tagomashin samun waƙoƙi daga wurin fitattun makaɗan fada irin su, Ibrahim Narambaɗa da Musa Ɗanƙwiro da sauransu. Kasancewar wannan takarda ta taƙaita ga waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru don haka ba ta waiwayi waɗancan mawaƙa ba. Haƙiƙa masarautar Ƙauran Namoda ta amfana da basirar da Allah ya yi wa Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru musamman idan aka dubi yadda ya taskance tarihi da buwayar masarautar a cikin waƙoƙin da ya rera mata. Wani abin sha’awa ga turakun da suke cikin waƙoƙin Ƙauran Namoda na Sa’idu Faru, duka suna nuna matsayin masarautar ta fuskar addinin Musulunci da yaɗa shi da kuma aiki da shi sau-da-ƙafa. Tabbas, turakun da wannan takarda ta iya ganowa guda bakwai, ba su kaɗai ne waƙoƙin suka ƙunsa ba. An yi haka ne domin taƙaitawa saboda kada a wuce makaɗi da rawa. Don haka wannan takarda take kira ga masana adabi da harshe da al’ada a kan cewa, su ƙara faɗaɗa nazari a kan waƙoƙin Makaɗa Sa’idu Faru na masarautar Ƙauran Namoda saboda ilmomin da ke ƙunshe a cikinsu suna gwada cewa, akwai ruwa a ƙasa sai ga wanda bai tona ba! Allah Ya jiƙan Sa’idu Faru Ya lulluɓe shi da rahamarsa, amin.

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