Globalization Theory (Ra'in Dunƙule Duniya)

Raihanatu Umar Garba
08100887109
Huraira Muhammad Mashkur
Aisha Hassan Hassan

Gabatarwa

Globalization Theory (Ra'in Dunƙule Duniya): Wani ra'i ne mai tushe daga Turawan Amurka wanda ke ƙunshe da ma'anoni da manufofi daban-daban. Ra'i ne da ke ƙoƙarin mamaye duniya ta fuskar al'adu da fasahohin al'ummomi daban-daban ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa, sadarwa kuwa tun a matakin wasannin gargajiya da yara ke aiwatarwa a dandali, da na bukukuwa da kuma na tashe, har zuwa lokacin da Hausawa suka haɗu da baƙi (Larabawa da Turawa) suka fara mai Adabinsu na ka a rubuta bayan sun iya karatu da rubutu.

Adabin baka da rubutaccen Adabi suka haɗu waje watsa al'adun al'ummomi daban-daban cikin duniya, ta hanyar rubuce-rubuce da samar gidajen rediyo da talabijin(hoto mai motsi) da kuma littattafain wasan kwaikwayo, an fara samun rubutattun wasan kwaikwayo tun a 1902, zuwa 1988, an samu wasannin kwaikwayo ashirin da bakwai (27), sai daga baya aka samu wasu marubuta suka ƙara samar da wasu jifa-jifa kamar Barau Bambale: Kukan Kurciya da Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, ya rubuta Malam Zalimu da Ina Mafita da Daƙiƙa Talatin. Malumfashi da Hayatuddin (2018).

Wannan aikin za a bayar da ma'anar shirin dunƙule duniya da samuwarsa ga al'ummar Hauswa ataƙaice da bayyana wasu littattafai da aka samar daga littattafan wasu al'ummomi da kuma wasu littattafai da aka juya su zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo ( Home Video Dramer) sai kammalawa a karshe.

Ma'anar Ra'in Game Duniya:

 Ra'in Dunƙule Duniya ra'i ne da ke dubin haɗin kan duniya game da al'adu da manyan fasahohi na duk faɗin duniya. Wani tsarin shirin dunƙule duniya shi ne haɓakawa da inganta hulɗa tsakanin yankuna daban-daban da yawan jama'a a duniya.

 Faɗin ma'anar shirin dunƙule duniya farat ɗaya yana da wuya domin irin nufin da yake da shi dangane da lamarin siyasa da tattalin arziki da sha'anin zamantakewa da kuma ra'ayoyi da sha'anin ilimi (Dumfawa 2013).

"Kalmar 'globalazation' ta samo asali ne daga 'ɗunkuke' wadda ke ɗaukar ma'anar duniya"(Khalid 2004).

"Haɗin kai na duniya ya kawo cikakken sake tunani game da tsarin siyasa da zamantakewa da dangantakar tattalin arziki da ɗabi'in al'adu" (Parjanadze 2009).

"Shirin game/dunƙule duniya na nufin haɗe duniya wurin ɗaya, wato nesa ta zama kusata kowane gefe,. Wato a sami kusantar ta hanyar tattalin arziki da sufuri da sadarwa da cuɗanyar al'adu da sauran hanyoyin rayuwar yau da kullum. Haka kuma abin yake a halin yanzu ana iya tafiya mai nisa cikin gajeren lokaci, ana iya magana da wanda ke nesa matuƙa kamar ga-ka-ga-shi, kuma ana iya kwaikwayar al'adun al'ummomi daban-daban ta hanyoyi masu sauƙi". (Dumfawa 2013).

" Ƙa'idar haɗin guiwar duniya ta ƙunshi ra'ayoyi da hanyoyi daban-daban, gami da tattalin arziki da siyasa da al'adu da zamantakewa. Shirin na bincika yadda haɗin guiwar duniya ke da tasiri daban-daban ga al'umma, kamar kasuwanci, fasaha sadarwa ƙaura da musayar al'adu (Adam 2005).

Samuwar Shirin Dunƙule Duniya ga Al'ummar Hausawa Ataƙaice: Shirin dunƙule duniya ya fara yaɗuwa ne tun lokacin da Hausawa suka fara hulɗar kasuwanci da wasu al'ummomi har suka ciɗanya da al'adun juna, ta dalilin haka kuma Hausawa suka samu hanyar karatu da rubutu ta fuskoki biyu wato larabawa (Ajami) Turawa (Boko).

A shekarar 1929 ne gwamnatin mulki mallaka ta kafa ofishin fassara, da farko a Kano daga baya kuma ya koma Zariya a 1931, ya zama ofishin Adabi a1935, ƙarƙashin darakta Mr Whiting daga baya Dr Rupert ya maye gurbinsa. Dalilin kafa ofishin shi ne:

- Don fassara littattafai daban-daban daga Larabci da Ingilishi zuwa Hausa, Kamar Dare Dubu da Ɗaya da Gandun Dabbobi da sauransu.

- Don samar da littattafan karatu ga makarantu.

- Don rubuta littattafai cikin harshen Hausa.

- Don ƙarfafa marubuta 'yan ƙasa.

Taaiki wannan ofishin an samar da littattafai da dama da asali ba al'adar Hausawa ba ce, wasu an fassara su ne da hikimar shigar da al'adun Hausawa ta yadda ba a gane ba na Hausawa ba ne tun asali kamar Ruwan Bagaja, wasu kuma fassara kawai aka yi kamar Iliya Ɗan Mai Ƙarfi. Ga wasu daga cikin littaffan:

1 - Littafin Ruwan Bagaja na Abubakar Imam, ya fassaro shi daga wani littafi da marubuta da dama suka fassara cikin mabambantan harsuna wato Muƙamat Alhariri, Amina Shah ta fassara shi da Ingilishi ta sa mai suna The Assemblies of Alhariri.

2 - Littafin Magana Jari Ce na Abubakar Imam, littafi ne da ke ƙunshe da labaru kusan tamanin 80 da aka aza bisa tsarin Aku ke bada labarin, labaran tarkace ne daga cikin littattafan al'ummomin duniya daban-daban kamar

- Labarai goma sha ɗaya daga cikin littafin Alfa Laila wa Laila.

- Labarai biyu daga littafin indiya na Panchatantra.

- labarai biyu daga farisa na Indiya sukasaptati.

- Labari ɗaya daga labaran farisa

- Labarai sha huɗu daga tatsuniyoyin Brother Grimm.

- Labarai biyu daga tatsuniyoyin Hans Andersen.

- Labarai bakwai daga gajerun labaru daga Decomeron na Boccaccio.

- Labari ɗaya daga Littafi Mai Tsarki na Tsohon Alƙawari. Da sauransu daga littattafan wasu al'ummomi. Ga misali daga cikin littafi na uku Labarin Sarki busa na waƙar da marubucin ya fassara, daga littafin 'Illus from Robert Browning, The Pied Piper of Hamelin: A Child's Fassara a Magana Jari Ce, Vol 3, Labarin Sarkin Busa.

Wakar asali:

 Where waters gushed and fruit-trees grew,

 Ku zo ga daula wa zai ƙi

 And flowers put forth a fairer hue,

 Alo alo mu ci daɗii

 And everything was strange and new;

 Tuwo nama sai mun ƙoshi

 The sparrows were brighter than peacocks here,

 Alo alo mu ci daɗi

 And their dogs outran our fallow deer,

Zagi mari mun huta shi

And honey-bees had lost their stings,

 Alo alo mu ci daɗii

 And horses were born with eagles' wings,

 Siliki ran salla ba datti

 Alo alo mu ci daɗii

Haka abin ya ke ga littafin Ilya Murom of Muromets, Kiev, Russia, ya komaIlya Dan Maikarfi, a Hausa, da kuma Hindi film, Bahut Din Huwe (1954), aka mayar da shi, Tauraruwa Mai Wutsiya (Umar Dembo, 1969), sai kuma waƙoƙi suma an fassara su ga misali:

Phool Bagiya fassararHausa(Ali Makaho)

Phool bagiya main bulbul bole,

 Za ni Kano, za ni Kaduna

(to rhyme with Pyar karo…)

Dal pe bole koyaliya.

 Mu je Katsina lau za ni Ilori

Pyar karo.

Na je Anacha

Pyar karo rukhi pyar,ki yaare Hitoho hotiho

Hann ruth kehiti he kalya Hotiho hotiho

Hojiho, hojiho.

Ni ban san kin zo ba

Hojiho, hojiho Da na san kin zo ne

 Da na saya miki farfesu

Pyar to he salwa rukhi har rukhi.

Ni ban san ka zo ba

Pyar ki mushkil he kaliya.

Da na san ka zo ne

Pyar mera daaba bari bangaye.

Da na saya maka funkaso

Raat ke raat ke savaliya.

Za ni Wudil.

Hojiho, hojiho, hojiho Za ni Makole

Hojiho, hojiho, hojiho Na zarce Gogel,

Za ni Hadeja

 Na kwan a Gumel. Da sauransu, ga sunayen wasu waƙoƙi da aka baddala zuwa Hausa.

 Waƙoƙin Indiya Fim, Baddalawar Hausa Waƙoƙin Addinin Musulunci.

1. Ilzaam (1954). Manzon Allah Mustapha.

2. Rani Rupmati (1957). Dahana Daha Rasulu

3. Mother India (1957). Mukhtaru Abin Biyayya.

4. Aradhana (1969). Mai Yafi Ikhwana.

5. The Train (1970). Lale Da Azumi.

6. Fakira (1976). Manzona Mai Girma.

7. Yeh Wada Raha (1982). Ar-Salu Macecina.

8. Commando (1988). Sayyadil Bashari.

9. Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988). Sayyadil Akrami.

10. Yaraana (1995). Mu Yi Yabonsa Babu Kwaba.

11. Dil To Pagal Hai (1997). Watan Rajab.

Haka kuma an fara sauya ƙagaggun labarai zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Talabijin, bayan ci gaba da aka samu na yawaitar marubutan littattafan Hausa, masu ɗauke da jigogi daban-daban tsakanin 1949 zuwa 1960 , ga littattafan da aka juya zuwa Fim da marubutan littattafan kamar haka:

1. Abba Bature. Auren Jari

2. Abdul Aziz M/Gini. Idaniyar Ruwa

3. Abubakar Ishaq. Da ƙyar Na Sha

4. Adamu Mohammed. Kwabon Masoyi

5. Ado Ahmad G/Dabino. In Da So Da ƙauna

6. Aminu Aliyu Argungu. Haukar Mutum

7. Auwalu Yusufu Hamza. Gidan Haya

8. Bala Anas Babinlata. Tsuntsu Mai Wayo

9. Balaraba Ramat. Alhaki Kwikwiyo.

10. Balaraba Ramat. Yakubu Ina Sonsa Haka

11. Bashir Sanda Gusau. Auren Zamani

12. Bashir Sanda Gusau. Babu Maraya

13. Bilkisu Funtuwa. Ki Yarda Da Ni

14. Bilkisu Funtuwa. Sa’adatu Sa’ar Mata

15. Ɗan Azumi Baba. Na San A Rina

16. Ɗan Azumi Baba. Idan ɓera da Sata

17. Ɗan Azumi Baba. (Bakandamiyar) Rikicin Duniya

18. Ɗan Azumi Baba. Kyan Alƙawari

19. Halima B. H. Aliyu. Muguwar Kishiya

20. Ibrahim M. K/Nassarawa. Soyayya Cikon Rayuwa

21. Ibrahim Mu’azzam Indabawa. ɓoyayyiyar Gaskiya (Ja’iba)

22. Kabiru Ibrahim Yakasai. Suda

23. Kabiru Ibrahim Yakasai. Turmi Sha Daka

24. Kabiru Kasim. Tudun Mahassada

25. Kamil Tahir Rabia21

26. M. B. Zakari. Komai Nisan Dare

27. Maje El-Hajeej. Sirrinsu

28. Maje El-Hajeej. Al’ajab (Ruhi)

29. Muhammad Usman. Zama Lafiya

30. Nazir Adamu Salihu. Naira da Kwabo

31. Nura Azara. Ƙarshen Ƙiyayya

32. Zilkifilu Mohammed Su Ma ‘Ya’ya Ne

33. Zuwaira Isa. Ƙaddara Ta Riga Fata

34. Zuwaira Isa. Kara Da Kiyashi

Waɗannan duk an mayar da su wasar kwaikwayo ta fim,waɗanna littattafan su na da jigogin soyayya da wasu jigogin na daban na rayuwar Hausa, akwai wasu fina finai na Hausa da aka sauya daga fina-finan indiya kamar:

1. Benaten Sai Wata/Yarana. Hakuri.

2. Chandni. Ayaah.

3. Chorrin Chupke. Furuci.

4. Dil Haiken Manta Nahi. Hanzari.

5. Hum Bade Main. Dijangala.

6. Hum Hai Raki Pyar. Ki Badali.

7. Judwa. Abin Sirri Ne.

8. Muhabbatain Halacci.

9. Raazia Sultaan. Burin Zuciya.

10. Sultanate. Allura Da Zare.

Tun daga waɗannan littattafan da fina-finan aka ta samun dinbin fina finai da ƙasashe daban-daban ana kallo a godajen kallo na silima har an Kai ga samun yawaitar kayan kallo cikin al'umma yanzu da wuya asamu gidan da babu kayan kallo da saitin tairaron ɗan Adam ana kallo tashoshi daban-daban na faɗin duniya ciki har da ƙasa mai tsarki.

Haka kuma an ci gaba da gudanar da harkokin fim wasu daga littaffai wasu daga labarai na gani da ido wasu kuma kwaikwaya daga fina finan wasu al'ummomi musamman fim ɗin indiya, da chana da na Amerika kamar yadda ake samun wani sauyi ga tsarin fina-finan Hausa daga mai gajeren zango zuwa masu dogon zango kamar fina-finan da ke gudana a halin yanzu, irin su: Wuff da Mayafin Sharri da Madugu da A Duniya da Izzar So da Manya Mata da Zo Mu Zauna da Kwana Cas'in da Daɗin Kowa da Labarina da Bugun Zuciyar Masoya da sauransu, kuma wasu daga Cikinsu an yi gamin gambizar al'adu wasu kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa cikin al'umma a halin yanzu kamar kwana Cas'in, da Daɗin-kowa da Mayafin Sharri da sauransu.

Waɗannan fina-finai ana haska su a tashoshin tairaron Ɗan-adam da suka haɗa: da suka haɗa da: Hijra tv, Majigin cttv, Arewa 24, Tauraruwa tv, Dadin Kowa, Farin Wata, tv Haske tv da sauransu, haka kuma ana samun su ta shafin yanar gizo (intanet) irin Yutub, bidmit, da sauransu.

Haka kuma an samu ci gaba ta yadda ake fassara wasu fina-finai na wasu Ƙasashe da ba da Hausa aka yi su ba, ana amfani da na'urori ana ɗora wa jaruman fina-finan da ba na Hausa ba Hausar suna magana kamar dama da Hausa aka shirya fin ɗin, kuma ana ɗaukar tsofaffin fim ɗin indiya ana mai da su bisa wannan tsarin a halin yanzu kusan biyu bisa uku na fim ɗin indiya a wannan tsarin suke tafiya fina-finan sun haɗa da:

Zaira da Ganga da Nagin da Magajiyada Kado da Bahubali da sauransu fim ɗin da ake haskawa a tauraron ɗan Adam. Irin-Iren wannan ci gaba da aka samu su suka ƙara ma shirin dunƙule duniya haɓaka tafuskar gamewar wasu al'adu da ake koya a fina-finan alummomin duniya.

Na'urorin zamani da kafafen watsa labarai suma ba a barsu a baya ba wajen ciyar da shirin dunƙule gaba ta hanyar karanta littattafan a gidajen rediyo da aiwatar da wasannin kwaikwayo masu jigon al'adun Hausawa da barkwaci da faɗakarwa game da wani al'amari da ya taso.

An bayar da ma'anar Ra'in Dunƙule Duniya da yadda Hausawa suka amfanu da shi da kuma yadda aka samu ci gaba ta hanyar na'urori na zamani da ci gaban da ake ciki a halin yanzu.

Manazarta

Koko. H. S (2018). Taskar Adabin Mata. Printed by Annur Multimedia Limited Sokoto.

A. U. Adamu (2015). Divergent Similarities: Culture, Globalazation and Hausa Creative and Performing Arts.

Mujaheed. A. da Malumfashi. B. Y. da Hayatuddin. A. (218). Rubutaccen Wasan kwaikwayon Hausa a Ƙarni na 21: Tsokaci kan Ma'aunin Nakasa A Littafin Daƙiƙa Talatin, Na Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino.