1.4 Yaɗuwar Bara

 Citation: Bunguɗu, U.H. (2021). Bara da wasu waƙoƙin bara a ƙasar Hausa. Ahmadu Bello University Press Limited.

Domin samun cikakken littafi, a tuntuɓi:

Dr. Haruna Umar Bunguɗu
(Sarkin Gobir Na Bunguɗu)
Email: harunaumarbungudu@gmail.com
Phone: 08065429369

1.4 Yaɗuwar Bara

Kamar yadda aka nuna a baya, bara ba ya da wani takamaiman lokaci da ake iya cewa an fara shi. Zamantakewa tsakanin masu wadata da talakawa da halayyar ɗan adam ta son taimakawa ga maras ƙarfi, da kuma halayyar wanda ake taimaka wa na zuwa wajen mai taimakonsa su ne suka haifar da bara a cikin al’umma da yake ita taimakekeniya wata ɗabi’a ce ta mutum. Ke nan yana da wuya ga bayanan da aka gani a ce ga wani gari ko wata ƙasa da aka fara yin bara, sai dai a ce kowace ƙasa ta duniya akwai mabarata kuma ana bara. Tun da abin da yawa, mutuw ta je kasuwa, an kawo misalan bara ne a wasu ƙasashe domin tabbatar da bara al’ada ce gama-gari[1] a duniya.

Kusan kowane addini a duniya ya yarda da neman taimako da kuma bayar da taimakon idan aka roƙa ko ma ba a roƙa ba. Manyan addinan duniya kamar addinin Girka da na Budda da Jaini da Kiristanci da Musulunci duk sun amince a yi bara a bisa wasu ƙa’idoji da kowane addin ya shimfiɗa. Misali, a addinin Buda Masu hidimar addinin Tsofaffi maza da mata sun dogara ne a kan baran sadaka kamar yadda shi kansa Gautama Budha ya dogara da shi. Masu hidimar addinin suna fita domin nemo abincinsu a garuruwa da ƙauyuka masu biyar addinin Budha kamar garuruwan ƙasar Thailand ta yanzu da Kambodiya da Biyatnam da sauran duk ƙasashe masu biyar wannan addinin (Google search: Begging.com).

A Amurka da Canada doka ta haramta[2] matsanancin bara wanda suka kira baran wuce wuri ko na ƙurewa a cikin wasu ƙa’idoji daban-daban. Wannan bayani ya nuna ana bara a ƙasar Amurka tun lokaci mai tsawo daga baya ne aka fara sa dokar hana shi domin tsananta shi da wasu suka yi.

A yankin Ontario an fitar da doka (Sales Streets Act Goverment of Ontario 1999), wato kare haƙƙin hanya a shekarar 1999 domin a taƙaita wasu dangogin bara musamman wanda ake ganin ya tsananta ko wanda ake samun zagi a cikinsa (Google search Begging.com). Ƙungiyar kare ‘yanci da walwalar ɗan Adam ta ƙasar Kanada ta ƙalubalanci wannan doka a kotu a shekarar 2001. Kotun ɗaukaka ƙara ta Ontario ta sake dakatar da wannan doka a watan Janairun 2007(CBC News retrieved 2007). Wannan shi ya nuna bara na gudana a wannan yanki tun tsawon lokacin da ba iya bayyanawa har ya zuwa yanzu.

Ita ma ƙasar Columbia a tata dokar irin ta Ontario a shekara 2004 ta hana yin bara, amma da dokar ta sami soke-soken rashin goyon baya daga jama’a sai aka soke ta.

Haka ma a San Francisco ta Califonia na ƙasar Amurka an yi dokara hana matsanancin bara. Wato ke nan ba baran gaba ɗaya aka hana ba.

A ƙarƙashin dokar 1824 (Vagrancy Act of 1824) bara saɓa wa doka ne a ƙasar Ingila, amma kuma ba a tanadi hukuncin tsarewa ko tsaurara dokar ba a birane da yawa (Bunyan Ngel 2003). Dokar ta fi tsanani ne a wurare haɗuwar jama’a kamar tashoshin ababen hawa (Google search Begging. com).

A ƙasar Finlad kuwa tun a shekara 1987aka yarda da yin bara a hukumance kuma ba saɓa wa doka ba ne. Sai a shekarar 2003 ne dokar haƙƙin jama’a ta maye dokarsu ta ƙananan hukumomi aka dakatar[3] da harkokin bara (Google search: Begging.com).

Bayanan da suka gabata sun nuna bara daɗaɗɗar al’ada ce da aka daɗe ana aiwatar da ita a ƙasashe dabam-daban na duniya. Sai dai ba a iya ƙayyade[4] lokaci ko gari ko wata ƙasa da za a ce a nan aka fara yin sa. Bayanin ya nuna bara an fara aiwatar da shi ne a kowace ƙasa ko yanke a daidai lokacin da bukatar yin haka ta zo ma mazauna gurin. Haka abin yake a Afirka da Nijeriya da ƙasar Hausa.

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[1]  Abin da ya shafi ko’ina.

[2]  Hanawa wanda doka ta tanadi hukunci ga wanda ya aikata.

[3]  Tsayarwa ta wani ɗan lokaci.

[4]  Iyakancewa.