What is Allaah and His Messenger's ruling on a people who persistently fast thirty days for Ramadaan at all costs, and refuse to fast less?

 𝑸𝑼𝑬𝑺𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵❓

What is Allaah (ﷻ) and His Messenger (ﷺ)'s ruling on a people who persistently fast thirty days for Ramadaan at all costs, and refuse to fast less?

𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑾𝑬𝑹❗️

This act is incorrect. This is reprehensible and in opposition to the Book of Allaah (ﷻ), and the Sunnah of His Messenger; Muḥammad (ﷺ), his companions and family (رضي الله عنه).

This is based on Allaah (ﷻ)'s statement:

يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَهِلَّةِ ۖ قُلْ هِىَ مَوَٰقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ وَٱلْحَجِّ

They ask you (O Muḥammad) about new moons. Say: These are signs to mark fixed periods for mankind and the pilgrimage.

(Al-Baqarah, 2:189)

Likewise, the statement of the Prophet (ﷺ):

“Begin the fast upon sighting the moon and end your fast upon sighting the new moon. However, if (due to clouds) the actual position of the month is concealed from you, then complete thirty in number.”

(Saḥīḥ Muslim, 1081)

Therefore, the one who always fasts thirty days irrespective of the sighting of the new moon has opposed the Sunnah and consensus. He has introduced a newly invented matter in the religion of which Allaah gave him no authority to do so.

Allaah (ﷻ) said:

ٱتَّبِعُوا۟ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ ۗ قَلِيلًا مَّا تَذَكَّرُونَ

Follow what has been sent down to you from your Lord (the Qur'an and Prophet Muhammad's Sunnah), and do follow protectors and helpers besides Him (Allaah). Little is it do you remember!

(Al A'raaf, 7:3)

These verses show us the obligation of using the sightings (to determine the number of days in the month stated by the Messenger (ﷺ). If the month is a full 30 days, then the people fast thirty days. If it so happens to be 29 days, we also fast 29 days in obedience to Allaah (ﷻ) and His Messenger (ﷺ).

There are widespread narrations from the Messenger (ﷺ) proving that the months are either twenty-nine days or thirty days. From them is his statement (ﷺ):

“A month is twenty-nine days. So, do not fast until you sight the new moon. If the moon is concealed from your vision, then complete thirty in number.”

(Agreed upon. Reported in al-Bukhārī, 1907 and Muslim, 1080)

The authentic narrations on this topic are of a level of authenticity that they have been universally accepted by the people of knowledge and faith; the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) and those that follow their way correctly. They implemented these narrations and searched for the new moon of Sha'bān, Ramadaan, and Shawwāl.

 

They base this practice on authentic means of ascertaining whether it is a maximum month (30 days) or a minimum month (29 days).

So, that which is mandatory upon all Muslims is that they follow this noble methodology. They must leave all that opposes this way; by way of clinging to the opinion of humankind and what they have introduced from innovations. With this, they will be counted amongst those who are on the path of those whom Allaah has promised Jannah (paradise) and His pleasure.

Therefore, it is impermissible for anyone to rule by his opinion and intellect by saying: “the month of Ramadaan will always be thirty days.” This is because this stance is in conflict and opposition to the various authentic narrations from the Messenger of Allaah (ﷺ). It is also in conflict with the consensus of the scholars of Islam.

From Allaah assistance is sought. He is sufficient for us and what an excellent protector He is.

And Allah knows best.

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This text is one of the many fatwa (answers to questions based on authentic Islamic provisions) that are made available by Malam Khamis Yusuf. You can follow him on Facebook, Telegram, and WhatsApp.