Ingausar Yarbawa Da Hausawa A Garin Gusau, Jihar Zamfara (2)

    Kundin Binciken Neman Digirin Farko (B.A Hausa) Wanda Aka Gabatar A Sashen Harsuna Da Al’adu, Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau.

    Ingausar Yarbawa Da Hausawa A Garin Gusau, Jihar Zamfara (2)

    NA

    ADAMU SANI

    Zamfara

    BABI NA ƊAYA

    GABATARWA

    1.0 SHIMFIƊA

    Dukkan yabo da godiya sun tabbata ga Allah (SWA) mahaliccinmu, wanda ya albarkace mu da ni’ima ta addinin musulunci, ya kuma ba mu hankali da fasahohi da suka haɗa da karatu da kuma rubutu, Allah mun gode maka.

     

    Salati wanda ba adadi ga fiyayyen halitta, cikamakon Annabawa kuma jagoran su, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi da iyalansa da sahabbansa, da masu bin tafarkinsa har zuwa ranar sakamako.

     

    Godiya ta musamman ga Allah da ya ƙaddara a gudanar da wannan bincike ta fannin ilimi, domin bayar da wata gudummawa a fannin ilimi tare da cike wani gurbi na samun shaidar kammala digirin farko, da fatar Allah ya yi muna jagoranci, amin.

     

    A cikin wannan bincike za a yi nazari ne a kan “Ingausar Yarbawa da Hausawa a Garin Gusau”. An gudanar da bincike- bincike da dama game da dangantakar harsuna a Nijeriya, amma ba a taɓa wani aiki (bincike) mai irin wannan taken ba, sai dai mai shige da shi.

    Wannan bincike zai kalli ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa, da Yarbawa ke yi a farfajiyar garin Gusau, ta jihar Zamfara tare da kallon yadda mu’amular ƙabilun biyu ke gudana a tsakanin su.

    Wannan bincike ba zai zurfafa wajen tarihin asalin waɗannan ƙabilu ba, sai dai zai nazarce su yadda suke a yau.

     

    Hausa da Yarbanci harsuna ne biyu daga cikin manyan harsunann Nijeriya guda uku (3), Kuma kowace ƙabila daga cikin su tana da yanki wanda aka ɗauka shi ne ƙasarsu ta asali, sai dai ƙaurace-ƙaurace sun saka ƙabilun suna yi wa junansu shigar hadarin gizar-gizai.

     

    Hausa harshe ne, wanda wata al’umma ke magana da shi, tare da al’adu da dama waɗanda suka danganci harshen. Amma a Nijeriya an fi samun su a arewacin ƙasar wuraren da suka haɗa da; Sokoto, Kebbi, Zamfara, Katsina, Kano da kuma sauran yankunan ƙasar Hausa da suka haɗa da Gusau muhallin bincikena.

     

    Ɓangaren Yarbanci kuwa harshe ne wanda miliyoyin mutane suke magana da shi, da kuma al’adu masu ɗimbin yawa, waɗanda ake samu a yankin kudu maso yammacin Nijeriya, da ya ƙunshi; Lagos, Ogun, Ondo da Oyo, da Osun, da kuma gabacin Jihar Kwara da ke arewa ta tsakiya, da sauransu. Kuma a kan samu Yarbawa a sassan Nijeriya daban-daban ta sanadiyar ƙaurace-ƙaurace daga ciki har da Gusau muhallin bincikenmu, wanda ya haifar da tasirantuwa da harshen mutanen Gusau har suke ingausa.

     

    Wannan bincike mai taken “Ingausar Yarbawa da Hausawa a Garin Gusau” za a tsara shi zuwa tsarin babi – babi. A babi na ɗaya za a yi bayani ne a kan dalilin gudanar da bincike, muhallin bincike, hanyoyin gudanar da bincike, muhimmancinsa da matsalolin bincike.

     

    A babi na biyu za a waiwayi ayukka da suka gabata masu alaƙa da wannan bincike, kamar rubutattun littattafai, muƙalu, da kuma kundayen bincike.  A babi na uku kuwa za a kawo taƙaitaccen tarihin garin Gusau, yadda yake, da zuwan Yarbawa garin Gusau, da mu’amula da kuma tasirin harshen Hausa da al’adunsa ga Yarbawan Gusau.

     

    A babi na huɗu gundarin aikin, za a bayyana ma’anar harshe, harshen Hausa, harshen Yarbanci. Bugu da ƙari, za a dubi ma’anar ingausa, nau’o’i, amfani, illoli da kuma ingausar Yarbawa da Hausawa a garin Gusau. A babi na biyar akwai; taƙaitawa, hasashen bincike, ta’arifin wasu kalmomi da kuma kammalawa, daga ƙarshe manazarta.

     

    1.1 DALILIN GUDANAR DA BINCIKE

    Kamar yadda mafi akasarin al’amurran rayuwa a kan yi su ne bisa dalilai mabanbanta, wannan aiki an yi shi ne bisa dalilai kamar haka:

    1. Dalilin farko shi ne, mun daɗe muna jin ingausa, wannan bincike zai fito da yadda ingausa take, musamman ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a garin Gusau, yadda take da yadda ake yin ta, kamar yadda bayani zai zo nan gaba.

     

    2. Wani dalili shi ne fito da irin mu’amular da a kan samu tsakanin ƙabilun Nijeriya musamman Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau, tare da fito da tasirin harshen Hausa da al’adunsa ga Yarbawa mazauna Gusau.

     

    3. Domin sauƙaƙa wa ‘yan’uwa ɗalibai da masu sha’awar bincike game da harshe musamman walwalar harshe tsakanin al’umma.

     

    4. Wani dalili shi ne domin bayyana ma’anar wasu daga cikin kalmomin harshen Yarbanci ga Hausawa domin cigaban harshen ta ɓangaren ilimi.

     

    5. Daga ƙarshe an gudanar da wannan bincike ne domin cike wani gurbi na neman takardar shedar kammala digirin farko a fannin nazarin Hausa, Sashen Nazarin Harsuna da Al’adu, Tsangayar Ilimi da Fasaha.

     

    1.2 MUHALLIN BINCIKE

    Kafin a shiga bayanin muhallin bincike, yana daga cikin ƙa’ida ta bincike ɗalibin bincike ya yi nazari a kan abin da yake kusa da shi, kuma a muhalli ko farfajiyar da yake zaune domin samun ingantattun bayanai game da abin da yake bincike. Bari mu ga ma’anar muhallin bincike da muhalli.

     

    Wikipedia (2019); an bayyana muhallin bincike da cewa “Muhallin bincike shi ne wuri na musmaman wanda aka gudanar da bincike kan wani abu da ke da mazauni a wurin, kamar al’umma, abubuwa da sauransu, ta hanyar littattafai, muƙalu da kuma tarukan ƙara wa juna sani, domin samun wani sakamako”.

     

     Natataka A.M. da wasu (2018), sun bayyana muhalli da cewa “Muhalli shi ne mazaunin da ke kewaye da mutum da dukkan abubuwan da ke taimaka masa ga rayuwarsa ta yau da kullum, muhalli ya samu ne ta hanyar hikima da basirar da Allah ya yi wa ɗan - Adam”.

     

    Natataka A.M da wasu (2018); Sun kalli muhalli a matsayin tsare tsare da magina ke yi a ƙasar Hausa da irin ƙyale-ƙyalin da suke amfani da shi don nuna ƙwarewa a fagen samun muhalli da kuma amfani da wasu al’adu musamman na sihiri don kare martabar muhalli a ƙasar Hausa.

     

    Muhalli a wannan bincike shi ne wuri ko bagiren da aka gudanar da wannan bincike.

     

    Wannan bincike an gudanar da shi ne a garin Gusau babban birnin Jihar Zamfara, za a yi nazari a kan ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a garin Gusau, inda za a gana da Yarbawan garin domin jin yadda suke haɗa Hausa da Yarbanci ko Yarabanci da Hausa a cikin maganganun su na yau da kullum.

    Haka kuma wajen gudanar da binciken an yi amfani da babban ɗakin karatu na Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, da kuma ɗakin karatu na kwalejin horas da malamai ta gwamnatin tarayya da ke Gusau Jahar Zamfara, da kuma babban ɗakin karatu na Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo Sakkawato, domin samun nasarar wannan bincike.

     

    1.3 HANYOYIN GUDANAR DA BINCIKE

    An bi hanyoyi da dama domin samun nasarar wannan bincike, hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da:

    Da farko an fara da binciken littattafai masu alaƙa da aikin ta sassa daban-daban, domin samun sauƙi da ƙarin haske kan yadda za a tsara wannan aiki.

     

    Haka kuma an tsara zantawa da Yarbawan da ke zaune a garin Gusau domin fahimtar yadda suke ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa da kuma dalilin da ke haifar da haka.

     

    Bayan wannan kuma an zanta da manyan malamai musamman na cikin wannan jihar daga makarantu mabanbanta masana ilimin harshe, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa harsuna uku (3) Hausa, Ingilishi, da kuma Yarbanci domin samun sakamakon binciken.

    Bugu da ƙari, an shirya ziyartar wasu daga cikin makarantun garin Gusau domin ganin yadda ‘ya’yan yarbawa kan cuɗanya da yaran Hausawa.

    1.4 MUHIMMANCIN BINCIKE

    “Bincike shi ne gano wani abu wanda da ba a sani ba, ko ƙari ga wani abu wanda aka sani domin bayar da gudummuwa ko warware wata matsala da ta zama damuwa ga wata al’umma” (Bunza 2017).

     

    Daga wannan za a iya cewa bincike yana da amfani ga rayuwar al’umma domin shi ke ciyar da al’ummar duniya gaba baki ɗaya, wannan bincike yana da muhimmanci kamar haka:

    1. Kasancewarsa bincike na farko da aka gudanar a kan ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a garin Gusau wanda zai taimaka wa ‘yan uwana ɗalibai domin samun sauƙin fahimtar ingausa da kuma misalanta daga Yarbanci da Hausa ba tare da wahala ba.

    2. Wani muhimmanci kuma da wannan bincike zai kawo shi ne danƙon zumunci da alaƙa tsakanin ƙabilun Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau, domin samun dawwamammen zaman lafiya da fahimtar juna tsakanin ƙabilun.

    3. Wannan aiki zai taimaka wa ɗalibai masu karatun harshe, musamman masu karatun gaba da sakandare, domin ya taɓo muhimman abubuwa dangane da nazarin harshe, domin ƙarin haske gare su da ma’abota bincike, sannan ya kalli dangantakar harsuna musamman Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau.

     

    1.5 MATSALOLIN BINCIKE

    Kamar kowane irin al’amari na rayuwa a kan iya haɗuwa da tarnaƙi ko cikas, wannan aiki an haɗu da barazana ta hanyoyi da dama daga ciki akwai:

    i. Rashin wadatattun littattafai waɗanda suka yi magana kan wannan bincike, wanda ya tilasta a shiga neman kundaye da muƙalu da kuma hira da mutane daban-daban.

    ii. Daga ƙarshe akwai matsalar da na fuskanta ta rashin amincewa da ni da wasu masu magana da harshen Yarbanci suka yi, dangane da samun wasu bayanai da kuma misalai daga harshen.

     

    1.6 NAƊEWA

    Daga ƙarshe wannan babin gabatarwa ce game da wannan aikin bincike, domin haskakawa ga mai karatu, wanda ya zo da shimfiɗa, dalilin gudanar da bincike, hanyoyin bincike, muhimmancin bincike da kuma matsalolin da suka kawo tarnaƙi game da bincike, daga ƙarshe babi ya zo da naɗewa.

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