Kundin Binciken Neman Digirin Farko (B.A Hausa) Wanda Aka Gabatar A Sashen Harsuna Da Al’adu, Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau.
Ingausar
Yarbawa Da Hausawa A Garin
Gusau, Jihar Zamfara (2)
NA
ADAMU SANI
BABI NA ƊAYA
GABATARWA
1.0 SHIMFIƊA
Dukkan yabo
da godiya sun tabbata ga Allah (SWA) mahaliccinmu, wanda ya albarkace mu da
ni’ima ta addinin musulunci, ya kuma ba mu hankali da fasahohi da suka haɗa da karatu
da kuma rubutu, Allah mun gode maka.
Salati wanda
ba adadi ga fiyayyen halitta, cikamakon Annabawa kuma jagoran su, tsira da
amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi da iyalansa da sahabbansa, da masu bin
tafarkinsa har zuwa ranar sakamako.
Godiya ta
musamman ga Allah da ya ƙaddara a
gudanar da wannan bincike ta fannin ilimi, domin bayar da wata gudummawa a
fannin ilimi tare da cike wani gurbi na samun shaidar kammala digirin farko, da
fatar Allah ya yi muna jagoranci, amin.
A cikin
wannan bincike za a yi nazari ne a kan “Ingausar Yarbawa da Hausawa a Garin
Gusau”. An gudanar da bincike- bincike da dama game da dangantakar harsuna a
Nijeriya, amma ba a taɓa wani aiki (bincike) mai irin wannan taken
ba, sai dai mai shige da shi.
Wannan
bincike zai kalli ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa, da Yarbawa ke yi a farfajiyar
garin Gusau, ta jihar Zamfara tare da kallon yadda mu’amular ƙabilun
biyu ke gudana a tsakanin su.
Wannan
bincike ba zai zurfafa wajen tarihin asalin waɗannan ƙabilu
ba, sai dai zai nazarce su yadda suke a yau.
Hausa da
Yarbanci harsuna ne biyu daga cikin manyan harsunann Nijeriya guda uku (3),
Kuma kowace ƙabila daga cikin su tana da yanki wanda aka ɗauka shi ne ƙasarsu
ta asali, sai dai ƙaurace-ƙaurace
sun saka ƙabilun suna yi wa junansu shigar hadarin
gizar-gizai.
Hausa harshe
ne, wanda wata al’umma ke magana da shi, tare da al’adu da dama waɗanda suka
danganci harshen. Amma a Nijeriya an fi samun su a arewacin ƙasar
wuraren da suka haɗa da; Sokoto, Kebbi, Zamfara, Katsina, Kano
da kuma sauran yankunan ƙasar Hausa da
suka haɗa da Gusau
muhallin bincikena.
Ɓangaren
Yarbanci kuwa harshe ne wanda miliyoyin mutane suke magana da shi, da kuma
al’adu masu ɗimbin yawa,
waɗanda ake samu
a yankin kudu maso yammacin Nijeriya, da ya ƙunshi; Lagos,
Ogun, Ondo da Oyo, da Osun, da kuma gabacin Jihar Kwara da ke arewa ta tsakiya,
da sauransu. Kuma a kan samu Yarbawa a sassan Nijeriya daban-daban ta sanadiyar
ƙaurace-ƙaurace daga
ciki har da Gusau muhallin bincikenmu, wanda ya haifar da tasirantuwa da
harshen mutanen Gusau har suke ingausa.
Wannan
bincike mai taken “Ingausar Yarbawa da Hausawa a Garin Gusau” za a tsara shi
zuwa tsarin babi – babi. A babi na ɗaya za a yi bayani ne a kan dalilin
gudanar da bincike, muhallin bincike, hanyoyin gudanar da bincike,
muhimmancinsa da matsalolin bincike.
A babi na
biyu za a waiwayi ayukka da suka gabata masu alaƙa da wannan
bincike, kamar rubutattun littattafai, muƙalu, da kuma
kundayen bincike. A babi na uku kuwa za
a kawo taƙaitaccen tarihin garin Gusau, yadda yake, da
zuwan Yarbawa garin Gusau, da mu’amula da kuma tasirin harshen Hausa da
al’adunsa ga Yarbawan Gusau.
A babi na huɗu gundarin
aikin, za a bayyana ma’anar harshe, harshen Hausa, harshen Yarbanci. Bugu da ƙari,
za a dubi ma’anar ingausa, nau’o’i, amfani, illoli da kuma ingausar Yarbawa da
Hausawa a garin Gusau. A babi na biyar akwai; taƙaitawa,
hasashen bincike, ta’arifin wasu kalmomi da kuma kammalawa, daga ƙarshe
manazarta.
1.1 DALILIN
GUDANAR DA BINCIKE
Kamar yadda
mafi akasarin al’amurran rayuwa a kan yi su ne bisa dalilai mabanbanta, wannan
aiki an yi shi ne bisa dalilai kamar haka:
1. Dalilin
farko shi ne, mun daɗe muna jin ingausa, wannan bincike zai fito
da yadda ingausa take, musamman ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a garin Gusau, yadda
take da yadda ake yin ta, kamar yadda bayani zai zo nan gaba.
2. Wani
dalili shi ne fito da irin mu’amular da a kan samu tsakanin ƙabilun
Nijeriya musamman Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau, tare da fito da tasirin harshen
Hausa da al’adunsa ga Yarbawa mazauna Gusau.
3. Domin sauƙaƙa
wa ‘yan’uwa ɗalibai da
masu sha’awar bincike game da harshe musamman walwalar harshe tsakanin al’umma.
4. Wani
dalili shi ne domin bayyana ma’anar wasu daga cikin kalmomin harshen Yarbanci
ga Hausawa domin cigaban harshen ta ɓangaren ilimi.
5. Daga ƙarshe
an gudanar da wannan bincike ne domin cike wani gurbi na neman takardar shedar
kammala digirin farko a fannin nazarin Hausa, Sashen Nazarin Harsuna da Al’adu,
Tsangayar Ilimi da Fasaha.
1.2 MUHALLIN
BINCIKE
Kafin a shiga
bayanin muhallin bincike, yana daga cikin ƙa’ida ta
bincike ɗalibin
bincike ya yi nazari a kan abin da yake kusa da shi, kuma a muhalli ko
farfajiyar da yake zaune domin samun ingantattun bayanai game da abin da yake
bincike. Bari mu ga ma’anar muhallin bincike da muhalli.
Wikipedia
(2019); an bayyana muhallin bincike da cewa “Muhallin bincike shi ne wuri na
musmaman wanda aka gudanar da bincike kan wani abu da ke da mazauni a wurin,
kamar al’umma, abubuwa da sauransu, ta hanyar littattafai, muƙalu
da kuma tarukan ƙara wa juna sani, domin samun wani sakamako”.
Natataka A.M. da wasu (2018), sun bayyana
muhalli da cewa “Muhalli shi ne mazaunin da ke kewaye da mutum da dukkan
abubuwan da ke taimaka masa ga rayuwarsa ta yau da kullum, muhalli ya samu ne
ta hanyar hikima da basirar da Allah ya yi wa ɗan - Adam”.
Natataka A.M
da wasu (2018); Sun kalli muhalli a matsayin tsare tsare da magina ke yi a ƙasar
Hausa da irin ƙyale-ƙyalin da suke
amfani da shi don nuna ƙwarewa a fagen samun
muhalli da kuma amfani da wasu al’adu musamman na sihiri don kare martabar
muhalli a ƙasar Hausa.
Muhalli a
wannan bincike shi ne wuri ko bagiren da aka gudanar da wannan bincike.
Wannan
bincike an gudanar da shi ne a garin Gusau babban birnin Jihar Zamfara, za a yi
nazari a kan ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a garin Gusau, inda za a gana da
Yarbawan garin domin jin yadda suke haɗa Hausa da Yarbanci
ko Yarabanci da Hausa a cikin maganganun su na yau da kullum.
Haka kuma
wajen gudanar da binciken an yi amfani da babban ɗakin karatu
na Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, da kuma ɗakin karatu na kwalejin horas da
malamai ta gwamnatin tarayya da ke Gusau Jahar Zamfara, da kuma babban ɗakin karatu
na Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo Sakkawato,
domin samun nasarar wannan bincike.
1.3 HANYOYIN
GUDANAR DA BINCIKE
An bi hanyoyi
da dama domin samun nasarar wannan bincike, hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su sun
haɗa da:
Da farko an
fara da binciken littattafai masu alaƙa da aikin ta
sassa daban-daban, domin samun sauƙi da ƙarin
haske kan yadda za a tsara wannan aiki.
Haka kuma an
tsara zantawa da Yarbawan da ke zaune a garin Gusau domin fahimtar yadda suke
ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa da kuma dalilin da ke haifar da haka.
Bayan wannan
kuma an zanta da manyan malamai musamman na cikin wannan jihar daga makarantu
mabanbanta masana ilimin harshe, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa harsuna uku
(3) Hausa, Ingilishi, da kuma Yarbanci domin samun sakamakon binciken.
Bugu da ƙari,
an shirya ziyartar wasu daga cikin makarantun garin Gusau domin ganin yadda
‘ya’yan yarbawa kan cuɗanya da yaran Hausawa.
1.4 MUHIMMANCIN
BINCIKE
“Bincike shi
ne gano wani abu wanda da ba a sani ba, ko ƙari ga wani
abu wanda aka sani domin bayar da gudummuwa ko warware wata matsala da ta zama
damuwa ga wata al’umma” (Bunza 2017).
Daga wannan
za a iya cewa bincike yana da amfani ga rayuwar al’umma domin shi ke ciyar da
al’ummar duniya gaba baki ɗaya, wannan bincike yana da muhimmanci
kamar haka:
1.
Kasancewarsa bincike na farko da aka gudanar a kan ingausar Yarbanci da Hausa a
garin Gusau wanda zai taimaka wa ‘yan uwana ɗalibai domin
samun sauƙin fahimtar ingausa da kuma misalanta daga
Yarbanci da Hausa ba tare da wahala ba.
2. Wani
muhimmanci kuma da wannan bincike zai kawo shi ne danƙon zumunci da
alaƙa tsakanin ƙabilun
Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau, domin samun dawwamammen zaman lafiya da fahimtar
juna tsakanin ƙabilun.
3.
Wannan aiki zai taimaka wa ɗalibai masu karatun harshe, musamman
masu karatun gaba da sakandare, domin ya taɓo muhimman
abubuwa dangane da nazarin harshe, domin ƙarin haske
gare su da ma’abota bincike, sannan ya kalli dangantakar harsuna musamman
Yarbawa da Hausawan Gusau.
1.5
MATSALOLIN BINCIKE
Kamar kowane
irin al’amari na rayuwa a kan iya haɗuwa da tarnaƙi ko cikas,
wannan aiki an haɗu da barazana
ta hanyoyi da dama daga ciki akwai:
i. Rashin
wadatattun littattafai waɗanda suka yi magana kan wannan
bincike, wanda ya tilasta a shiga neman kundaye da muƙalu da kuma
hira da mutane daban-daban.
ii. Daga ƙarshe
akwai matsalar da na fuskanta ta rashin amincewa da ni da wasu masu magana da
harshen Yarbanci suka yi, dangane da samun wasu bayanai da kuma misalai daga
harshen.
1.6 NAƊEWA
Daga ƙarshe
wannan babin gabatarwa ce game da wannan aikin bincike, domin haskakawa ga mai
karatu, wanda ya zo da shimfiɗa, dalilin gudanar da bincike,
hanyoyin bincike, muhimmancin bincike da kuma matsalolin da suka kawo tarnaƙi
game da bincike, daga ƙarshe babi ya zo da
naɗewa.
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HAUSA: Kuna iya rubuto mana tsokaci ko tambayoyi a ƙasa. Tsokacinku game da abubuwan da muke ɗorawa shi zai tabbatar mana cewa mutane suna amfana da wannan ƙoƙari da muke yi na tattaro muku ɗimbin ilimummuka a wannan kafar intanet.