Masana’antar shirya fina-finan Hausa wadda ake kira da Kannywood; bigire ce da ta haɗa mutane mabambanta waɗanda kowa da irin tasa fasaha da baiwar da Allah ta huwace masa, samuwar waɗannan mabambanta mutane da haɗa fasaharsu wuri guda ce kan samar da ƙayataccen fim ɗin Hausa, ma’ana kowane mutum akwai irin rawar da yake takawa a nasa ɓangaren kafin a kai ga samar da fim. A cikin wannan takarda, an bibiyi hanyoyin da ake bi domin samar da fim ɗin Hausa nagartacce, inda kuma aka keɓance fim ɗin SANDAR KIWO. Wannan aiki ya wakana ta hanyar bibiyar Masana’antar ta Kannywood da wasu cikin masu sana’ar ta ɓangarori daban-daban, tare da duba rubuce-rubucen da ake da su a wannan fanni, da kuma bibiyar masana.

Matakan Shirya Fina-Finan Hausa: Keɓantaccen Nazari A Kan Fim Ɗin Sandar Kiwo

 

Ibrahim Baba (Nayaya)

M.A Hausa (Literature) Student, Department of Nigerian Languages and Linguistics, Bauchi State Uniɓersity, Gaɗau.

07066366586, 08125351694

ibrahimba182@gmail.com

1.0 Gabatarwa

            Fina-finan Hausa wata tsararriyar hanya ce mafi sauƙi wadda ake bayyana halayya da ɗabi'u na al'umma cikin fasaha domin isar da saƙo ga wanda ya ji ya gani. Tun lokacin da fina-finan Hausa suka samu ɓulluwa a tsakanin Hausawa, wato ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin 20, masu rubutawa da tsarawa da shiryawa suka ta ƙoƙarin bayyana al'adu iri daban-daban da halayyar zaman al'umma. Idan muka dubi fina-finan Hausa yan bana bakwai, za mu iske cike suke da al'adu daban-daban na al'umma, da kuma ɗabi'u na rukunonin mutane da halayyarsu. Misali, tun lokacin da finan-finan Hausa suka fara yawaita a tsakanin al'ummar Hausawa, masu tsarawa da shiryawa sun mayar da hankali ne wajen shirya fina-finan da suka shafi zamantakewar auratayya, tun daga kan neman aure, har kawo yin sa da kuma irin zaman da ake yi bayan aure, sawa'un mai daɗi ne ko akasinsa.

1.1   Ma'anar Fim

              Gidan Dabino da wani (2004:332) sun bayyana fim da cewa, "Tantagayyar kimiyya da fasaha ce kuma rayuwar ɗan'adam ce ake nunawa. Fim yana ɗauke da tarihi da ɗabi'un jama'a da muhallinsu da abincinsu da kuma suturarsu musamman bisa harshensu da tsarin su na rayuwa da hanyoyin tunaninsu da kuma falsafar rayuwar mutanen da ake yin fim ɗin su. Har ila yau, fim hanya ce ta sanarwa da ilimantarwa da jan hankali da nishaɗantarwa da faɗakarwa da yaɗa manufa da tallatawa".

             'Yar'aduwa (2007:30) ya yi na shi ta'arifin da cewa, "Fim wata hikima ce ta hoto mai motsi da take ɗauke da mutane, wato hotunansu maza da mata, yara ko manya, ko kuma ma wanin mutane, wanda aka ɗauka ta hanyar yin amfani da na'urar ɗaukar hoto ta musamman, tare da bai wa mutane (kowannensu) damar tafiyar da wasu ayyuka ta fuskar kwaikwayo ko wanin sa, a wani ɗan lokaci da aka keɓe wanda shi wasan kwaikwayon (fim) yake ɗauke da wani saƙo na musamman kan nishaɗi da  gargaɗi da wa'azi da soyayya da tarihi ko wanin haka, zuwa ga al'ummar duniya".

             Idan muka yi la'akari da waɗannan ma'anoni guda biyu, za mu iya kallon ma'anar da fim a taƙaice da cewa, wata keɓantacciyar hanya ce tsararriya ta sarrafa hikima da fasaha a aikace; wanda ake amfani da na'urar ɗaukar hoto mai motsi da sautuka, domin isar da wani saƙo na musamman ga al'umma, ta hanyar zayyano matsaloli da hanyoyin magance su ko uƙubar wanda ya munana.

1.2 Tarihin Samuwar Fina-finan Hausa

             'Yar'aduwa (2007:30) ya bayyana samuwar fina-finan Hausa, abu ne da ya faru a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin (20). Amma farkon abin da ya ɗora tubalin samuwar sa shi ne wasan kwaikwayo. Kuma shi kan sa wasan kwaikwayo ya samu ne bayan Turawa mulkin mallaka sun kafu, kuma har sun yi nisa wajen shimfiɗa tsare-tsare da suka shafi ilimi da tsarin mulki da sarauta.

           Chamo (babu shekara), ya hakaito cewa, fim abu ne mai gajaren tarihi idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran ɓangarori na adabin zamani. Misali waƙa da rubutun zube. A wajen Hausawa wasan kwaikwayo shi ne tushen samuwar finafinan bidiyo na Hausa, domin shi aka fara aiwatarwa a dandali kafin a sami na’urar ɗaukar hoto ta majigi wadda daga baya kuma aka sami gidajen talabijin da na’urar bidiyo da ake amfani da ita a yau. Dangane da fim wanda aka fara aiwatarwa a harshen Hausa kuwa shi ne “Baban Larai” . Abdulƙadir (1988: 24).

            Fina-finan Hausa na bidiyo kuwa, an fara samun su ne daga shekarar 1980 zuwa 1984. Sakamakon irin hoɓɓasar da ƙungiyoyin marubuta litatttafai da na wasan kwaikwayo na dandamali da na wasan motsa jiki (kareti), suka fara jarraba shiryawa. A shekarar 1990 ƙungiyar Tumbin Giwa ta shirya wani fim mai suna Turmin Danya. To sai kuma a shekarar 1994 suka sake shirya fim ɗin “Gimbiya Fatima”. Kamfanin Gidan Dabino ya shirya In da so da Ƙauna a 1994. Samuwar waɗannan finafinai da wasunsu shi ne ginshiƙin da ya ba wa kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyin ƙasar nan damar yin finafinan Hausa.

            Binta (2009:11-16) ta bayyana tarihin samuwar fina-finan Hausa dubi da nazarce-nazarce daga mawallafe-wallafen masana, misali Bargery (1934), Chamo (2005:36), Inuwa (2009) da Garba (2009), inda yawancinsu bakunansu sun daidaita da na juna ta fuskar asalin fina-finan Hausa. Misali, majigi hoton farko da Hausawa suka fara cin karo da shi kafin sauran hotuna da ake nunawa. An fara nuna majigi ta hanyar sanya allon kallo a saman mota.

            Binta (2009:15 – 16), bayan tattara bayanan masanan da ta yi game da samuwar fina-finan Hausa, sai ta nuna cewa, a cikin shekarar 1998 ne masu shirya fina-finai suka yunƙuro suka kafa ƙungiya ta masu wannan harkar domin su yi magana da murya ɗaya. Tun daga wannan lokaci sana 'ar shirya fim ta bunƙasa, kuma ga shi ƙofar shiga wannan sana'ar a buɗe take, sai aka dinga tururuwa cikin ta maza da mata, saboda amfanin da ake ganin masu wannan sana'a sun fara samu. Gaskiya ne, wannan sana'a ta samar wa matasa da dama aiki, maza da mata sun zama 'yan wasa da masu shiryawa da masu ba da umarni da masu ɗaukan nauyi, masu waƙoƙi da masu kwalliya da masu ɗaukan hoto da 'yan kasuwa da sauransu. Wannan sana'a ta haɗa mutane iri-iri, kuma kowa yana da tasa wadda ta shigo da shi wannan sana'a. Da wannan sana'a suka yi mata rajista suka sa mata suna Kannywood Industry, wato masu shirya fina-finan Hausa. A ƙarƙashin wannan Industiri akwai kamfanoni da suke shirya fina-finai kuma cibiyar wannan ƙungiya Kano. Kamfanoni sun haɗa da Kaduna, Abuja, Sakkwato, Maiduguri da sauran wurare.

2.0 Ciki, Haihuwa Da Girman Fim Ɗin Sandar Kiwo

           Fim ɗin Sandar Kiwo, fim ne da kamfanin shirya fina-finai na Gidan Dabino International Nigeria Limited dake lamba 123 kan layin Mangwarori, daura da Gidan Ƙanƙara, kan titin Sabon Titi Ɗandago suka shirya. Fim ɗin, an shirya shi cikin kwanaki 10 a garin Kaduna a cikin shekarar 2009, kuma ya shiga kasuwa a shekarar 2011. Kafin shigarsa kasuwa, an nuna shi a ƙasashen Turai kamar: India, Polland, Germany da England. Fim ɗin yana ɗauke da ‘yan wasa 63 da kuma ma’aikata waɗanda suka yi jigilarsa har ya kammala guda 40; kamar yadda sunayen dake ɗauke a ƙarshen fim ɗin ya nuna.

2.1 Me Ake Nufi Da Sandar Kiwo?

           Gidan Dabino (2019), ya bayyana sandar kiwo da cewa, “Kalmomi ne guda biyu, wato sanda da kiwo, wadda ake samu a hannun masu kiwon shanu, sukan yi amfani da ita domin ɗora shanunsu a kan saiti. Don haka, sandar kiwo na nufin ɗora mutum a kan tafarki mai kyau”. Bisa wannan taƙaitacciyar ma’ana, za mu fahimci sandar kiwo na nufin sanya mutum ya aikata abu mai kyau; imma ta ruwan sanyi ko ta zafi, kwatankwacin yadda Bafulatani ke ɗora shanunsa a kan daidai ta hanyar amfani da sandarsa.

2.2 Tushen Fim Ɗin Sandar Kiwo Da Nasararsa

           Asalin fim ɗin ya samu ne sakamakon kira da hukumomin DFID, British Council da Security Justice and Growth suka yi domin a samu labari a game da ‘yancin mata wajen rabon gado a Arewacin Nijeriya. Wannan ya sanya Balarabe Murtala (Baharu) ya kai wannan labari nasa, kuma ya shiga jerin labarai 30 da suka samu nasara a karon fari, sannan ya zama cikin labarai guda 8 da aka bai wa malamai suka duba bayan tantancewa; bayan zaman tattaunawa da karantawa da aka yin a tsawon sati guda a Kaduna. Bayan wannan, sai ƙungiyoyin suka nemi kamfanonin da za su shirya, kuma Gidan Dabino International Limited suka nasarar samu. Fim ɗin, ya samu lambobin yabo har guda uku bayan ya shekara goma da shiga kasuwa, wato lambobin yabo uku da ya samu daga gasar KILAF 2019. (Gidan Dabino, 2019).

2.3 Saƙon Fim Ɗin Sandar Kiwo

           Fim ɗin, ya kawo labarin rayuwar Rahama (Rahama Hassan Abuja) tare da mijinta Alhaji Faruƙ (Shehu Hassan Kano) da kuma ‘yarsu Hafsat, wadda ta samu kulawa da soyayyarsu. Rahama ta samu soyayyar mijinta ɗari bisa ɗari, wanda hakan ya sanya wasu cikin ‘yan’uwansa ke ganin ita yake fifitawa a kansu. Garba (Aminu A. Shariff) da Baraka (Jamila Nagudu) su ne ƙannen Alhaji Faruƙ, sai kuma Asabe (Jamila Haruna) wadda ita ce yayarsu, amma halayensu sun bambanta, domin Garba shi ne ya rinƙa salwantar da dukiyar Alhaji Faruƙ tun yana da rai, wanda sanadiyar hakan ya rinƙa sanya Alhaji asara, yayin da Baraka ke ganin abin da Garba yake bai dace ba, kuma ba ta tare da shi. A gefe guda kuma, Garba na samun goyon baya a wurin Asabe, wanda wannan ne ma ya sanya bayan rasuwar Alhaji Faruƙ ɗin, Garba ya zauna a kan dukiya Hafsat, wanda hatta kuɗin makaranta ba ya biya. Mahaifiyarta kuwa, bayan al’amura sun tsananta, sai ta sayar da ‘yan kunnayenta na gwal ta fara sana’ar yin cincin da sauran danginsa. A ƙarshe dai Baraka ta yi ƙarar Garba, inda Alƙali ya karɓi dukiyar Hafsat ya mayar mata, kuma ya ƙwace kadarorin Garba domin biyan haƙƙoƙin marayu.

           A makaranta kuwa, Hafsat ta samu nasarar zuwa na ɗaya; wanda hakan ya sanya Sakataren Gwamnati da Kwaminiyar Ilimi suka halarci bikin karrama Hafsat, kuma suka bayyana cewa Gwamnati ta ɗauki nauyin karatun Hafsat. A ranar wannan biki ne Rahama ta bayyana wa duniya cewa Hafsat ba ‘yarta ba ce, amma ta yi ƙoƙarin riƙe wannan amana domin ya zamana SANDAR KIWO ce, ma’ana ta kasance mai ɗora Hafsat a kan tafarki mai kyau, da kuma ƙoƙarin ɗora dangin Alhaji Faruƙ (musamman Garba) a kan tafarki mai kyau cikin rowan sanyi, amma ƙarshe said a ta kai su ga zuwa ga wurin Alƙali bisa taimakon Baraka. 

3.0 Matakan Shirya Fim Ɗin Sandar Kiwo

                   Kamar yadda ya gabata a baya, wannan fim ɗin na Sandar Kiwo ya samu ne sakamakon neman marubuta da wasu ƙungiyoyi suka yi domin su yi rubutu a kana bin day a shafi ‘yancin mata, ƙarshe wannan fim ɗin ya fito cikin waɗanda suka yi nasara. A nan, za mu ƙara bayanin hanyoyin da aka bi tun daga farkon har ƙarshensa.

3.1 Neman Samar Da Labarin Daga Marubuta

             Daga cikin abin da ya gabata, an bayyana shelanta marubuta su kawo labari wanda ya dace da ‘yancin mata musamman ta fuskar rabon gado; wanda hukumomin DFID-British Council da Security Justice and Growth suka yi. Don haka, marubuta suka rubuta labarai daban-daban domin miƙawa ga waɗannan hukumomi, kuma aka karɓa a garin Kaduna.

3.2 Zaman Tacewa (Script Conference)

             Bayan karɓar labarai daga wurin marubuta, sai aka yi zaman karantawa da tambayoyi ga waɗannan marubutan, wanda aka yi a garin Kaduna, a tsawon sati guda.

3.3 Bai Wa Malamai Su Duba

                 Bayan an duba, sai aka bai wa malaman Addini domin su duba, kuma wannan fim ɗin yana daga cikin fina-finai guda talatin a karon fari, sannan aka ƙara tantancewa aka ɗauki wasu guda takwas, shi ma yana cikin su.

3.4 Neman Kamfanin Da Zai Shirya

                Bayan labara ya samu, sai aka nemi kamfanonin shirya fina-finai da su kawo rajista da tsarin aikinsu domin a tantance wanda za a bai wa aikin shirya fim ɗin. Cikin kamfanonin da suka samu halarta, akwai Gidan Dabino International Limited, kuma a ƙarshe shi ne kamfanin day a yi nasarar samun aikin fim ɗin.

3.5 Wurin Da Za A Shirya

              Bayan kamfanin Gidan Dabino ya samu nasarar karɓar labarin da aikin, sai suka fara tunanin inda za su je domin yin shirin. Wannan ya biyo bayan matsalilon da ake fuskanta na rashin jituwa tsakanin Hukumar A Daidaita Sahu da masu shirya fina-finai. Don haka suka zaɓi garin Kaduna domin ɗaukar shirin a can.

3.6 Ƙididdigar Abin Da Za A Kashe

              Abu na gaba, shi ne zama domin tattauna abin da za a kashe tun daga farko har ƙarshen fim ɗin, inda a nan suka ƙiyasce abin da fim ɗin zai ci.

3.7 Jadawalin Fita Wasa

            Bayan kammala ƙididdiga, sai a tsara jadawalin fita wasa, wato ƙayyade ranar da za a fara ɗaukar shirin, da yawan fita (sin) na kowa, da kuma lokacin fitar kowa, da wurin da kowa zai fita. Ta wannan ne kowane ɗan wasa ya san adadin fitarsa da kuma lokacin da zai fita.

3.8 Zaɓar ‘Yan Wasa

             Zaɓar ‘yan wasa shi ne abu na gaba da aka yi, wanda Tijjaji Asase ne ya jagoranci hakan, aka zaɓo ‘yan wasan da za su taka rawa a cikin fim ɗin. ‘Yar wasa Rahama Hassan (Rahama), wadda ita ce jarumar fim ɗin, tana garin Abuja aka kira ta domin neman ko za ta yi shirin; bayan cancantarta da aka gani, kuma ta amince, sannan aka nemi su haɗu a Kaduna ranar da za a fara ɗaukar fim ɗin.

 

 

3.9 Zaɓar Ma’aikata

       Ma’aikata su ne waɗanda suka tsaya kai da fata wajen ganin fim ɗin ya kammalu tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Bayan an gama da zaɓar ‘yan wasa, sai aka zaɓi ma’aikata, wanda su da kansu, wato waɗancan hukumomin suka gabatar da sunayen waɗanda za su bayar da umarni mutane takwas, cikinsu da akwi Falalu A. Ɗorayi, kuma Gidan Dabino suka ɗauke shi a matsayin wanda zai bayar da umarni a fin ɗin.

3.10 Yarjejeniya

             Bayan ‘yan wasa da ma’aikata sun samu, sai kuma aka ƙulla yarjejeniya da kowa, sannan aka sanya hannu, kowa ya san irin aikin sad a adadin abin da za a ba shi, da kuma lokacin da zai yi nasa aikin.

3.11 Fara Haskawa Zuwa Ƙarshe

            Daga an gama yarjejeniya, sai aka shiga ɗaukar fim ɗin, inda suka ɗunguma zuwa garin Kaduna, aka kama musu otal (Hotel) domin zama da kuma ɗaukar shirin. A yayin ɗaukar shirin, an yi wasu sina-sinan da dama wanda aka tace domin ɗaukar wanda ya fi kyau.

3.12 Tantancewa

            A nan, ana nufin bibiyar aikin da ake ɗauka domin ganin yadda yake, idan akwai matsala sai a gyara.

3.13 Duba Sin Bayan Sin (Editing Script)

             A nan kuma an bi kowace fita (sin) an duba ɗaya bayan ɗaya, da kuma duba zuwa ga labarin da yanayin ɗaukar fim ɗin.

3.14 Tacewa (Editing)

            Tacewar ita ce aikin da aka yi bayan an kammala dubawa, sai aka haɗa kowace fita da ‘yar’uwarta, sannan aka jona da juna, aka ɗora shi a kan tsari.

3.15 Sanya Sauti

              Bayan an seta shi da juna, kowace fita ta hau kan tsari ta bi ‘yar’uwarta. Sannan sai aka sanya sautin take da kuma seta maganar, da kuma sanya sauti a duk inda wani abin tsoro ko daɗi ya bayyana.

3.16 Dubawar Darakta

              Dubayar mai bayar da umarni, wato a nan mai bayar da umarni ne ya zauna ya duba duk abin da aka yi, da irin sautuka da muryoyi da shirin gaba ɗayansa. A nan, wasu fina-finan akan samu sauyi, wato wanda ya shirya fim ɗin, wato Producer kan duba fim ɗin saɓanin mai bayar da umari a wannan fim ɗin.

3.17 Kwafa

            Duk bayan komai ya yi, sai aka juyi fim ɗin adadi masu yawa, wato doubing a Turance. Da wannan ne aka yi kasuwancinsa cikin garuruwa da ƙasashe.

3.18 Tsara Talla

             Kafin  a kai ga sayarwa ko nunawa a gidajen siliman, said a aka tsara tallarsa, wato traller a Turance. Wato an tsara yadda fim ɗin zai ja hankalin waɗanda suka kalli traller su gaggauta neman fim ɗin da zarar ya shiga kasuwa.

3.19 Tsara Hoton Fim

            Yin hoton fim ɗin wanda ke ɗauke da ‘yan wasa. A nan, wasu kan yi nasu tun kafin a fara ɗaukar fim ɗin, wasu kuma da zarar an fara, ko ana cikin ɗauka. Amma ga wannan shiri, an yi fastarsa ce bayan an kammala ɗaukar fim ɗin.

4.0 Kammalawa

          Kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata, an bibiyi ma’ana da tarihin samuwar finafinan Hausa, sannan aka karkata bayani kan fin ɗin Sandar Kiwo. A takardar, an bayyana ma’anar Sandar Kiwo, da tushen fim ɗin, sannan aka bi matakan da aka bi kafin samuwar fim ɗin, wato hanyoyin da aka bi kafin fim ɗin ya kammalu. Wannan takarda ta nuna dukkanin wani fim da yake son amsa sunansa, to muddin ya bi ire-iren waɗannan matakan da aka bi kafin shirya fim ɗin Sandar Kiwo, to ko shakka babu, wannan fim ɗin zai zama nagartacce. A takardar, an ga yadda masu ruwa da tsaki wajen shirya fim ɗin suka yi kafin su samar da fim ɗin.      

 

Manazarta

 

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