Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Hausawa

Cite this book as: Gobir, Y.A. & Sani, A-U. (2021). Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Hausawa. Kano: WT Press. ISBN: 978-978-59094-0-1.

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYO NA HAUSAWA

Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR

Abu-Ubaida SANI

Sadaukarwa

Wannan aiki sadaukarwa ne ga masu tunani nagari da karɓar shawarwari nagari da kuma aikata aiki nagari. Babban goron da marubutan ke buƙata shi ne addu’ar alhairi, suna raye da bayan ransu.

Godiya

Da sunan Allah Mai Rahama Mai Jin ƙai. Tsira da amincinSa su ƙara tabbata ga mafificin halittu Manzon tsira Annabi Muhammadu (Tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi). Samun ƙwarin guiwa da jajircewar kammala wannan ɗan ƙwarya-ƙwaryar Littafi na nuni ga ikon Allah da taimakonSa dangane da aikin. Muna ƙara maSa godiya dangane da lafiya da juriya da Ya ba mu har Littafin ya zama abin da yake a yau.

Ba za mu taɓa mantawa da taimakon Farfesa Aliyu Muhammad Bunza da Dr. Musa Fadama Gummi da Dr. Alamuna Nuhu da Dr. Mu’azu Sa’adu Muhammad da Malam Almustapha Sambo Wali da Malam Ibrahim Ɗalha ba. Sun sadaukar da lokacinsu domin sanya albarka ga littafin. Da fatan Allah Ya saka musu da mafificin alkairi. Bayan haka, muna miƙa godiya ga dukkanin waɗanda suka taimaka da addu’o’i da kuma Allah san barka har dai aikin wannan littafi ya kammala.

Mun gode.

Prof. Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR
Abu-Ubaida SANI
02-01-2023

Muƙaddima

Da sunan Allah Mai Rahma Mai jin ƙai. Tsira da aminci su tabbata ga Annabin Rahama Muhammadu ɗan Abdullahi da iyalan gidansa da sahabbansa da waɗanda suka yi koyi da su da kyautatawa ya zuwa ranar sakamako.

Na daɗe ina tunanin yadda za a samu wani gawurtaccen aiki da zai harari wasannin yaranmu maza da mata da idon basira ta yadda duniyar ilmi za ta amfana da shi. Cikin ikon Allah, sai ga wasu masana da ban taɓa tattaunawa da su ba kan haka, sun yi canjaras da tunanina sai na ji an yi mini susa gurbin ƙaiƙai. Da na karanta wannan littafi na gamsu da cewa, ruwa na ƙasa sai ga wanda bai tona ba. Babu wai, ƙasar Hausa zuriya ɗaya ce, nisantar wurin zama ya haifar da bambance-bambancen al’adu da karin harshe. Prof. Yakubu Aliyu Gobir, ko ba a faɗa ba mutumin Gobir ne, Abu-Ubaida Sani daga Bauchin Yakubu sai ga shi sun kalli wasannin yara na ƙasar Hausa da tunani ɗaya, ka ce gari ɗaya ake wasannin. Wannan wata manuniya ce ga buƙatar irin wannan aiki a duniyar karatun Hausa. Wannan giɓin da manazartan suka cike ya cancanci ya shiga hannun ɗalibai da malamai da manazarta Hausa domin su amfana da shi. Haƙiƙa aikin ya aikatu, ba a yi kasala ba, ba a zure ba, ba a yi azarɓaɓi ba, an shimfiɗa rubutun bisa ga ladabi da biyayyar karɓar ilmi da bayar da shi. A tunaninmu na ɗaliban al’ada da adabi wannan aiki ya cancanci babban yabo domin ba ya jin kunyar ido huɗu da ɗaliban fanninsa da masu sha’awar karatunsa. Fatana shi ne, Allah Ya sa albarka, Allah Ya yi mana jagora.

Aliyu Muhammadu Bunza
Sashen Harsuna da Al’adu
Jami’ar Tarayya, Gusau.

Tsokaci

Dukkan yabo da godiya sun tabbata ga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki. Tsira da aminci su daɗa tabbata ga fiyayyen halitta, manzon rahama, Annabi Muhammad (SAW) da alayensa da sahabbansa, da dukkan masu koyi da shi har ya zuwa ranar sakamako.  A matsayina na ɗalibi mai bincike da nazarin al’adun Hausawa, na duba wannan muhimmin littafi mai suna Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausawa wanda Prof. Yakubu Aliyu Gobir da malam Abu-Ubaida Sani suka wallafa. Haƙiƙa wannan wani gagarumin aiki ne mai ɗimbin fa’ida, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da cewa littattafan da aka wallafa waɗanda suka gabaci wannan aiki ba su yi  bakandamen tattara wasanni na maza da na mata, na yara da na manya ba a wuri ɗaya. Haƙiƙa littafin bai bar wata kafa ta susar akaifa ba domin ya tattaro kusan duk wasanni na da da kuma na yanzu.

Fatar da nake  yi ita ce Allah ya albarkaci wannan gagarumin aiki nasu, ya kuma saka masu da mafificin alheri. Amin!

Dr. Musa Fadama Gummi
Department of Languages and Cultures
Federal University Gusau

Ta’aliƙi

Littafin Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausawa ƙari ne cikin jerin littattafan da malamai da manazarta suka samar domin taskace wani ɓangare na rayuwar Hausawa jiya da yau. Bisa dukkan alamu, an gudanar da ƙwaƙƙwaran bincike musamman ziyarar gani da ido domin neman waɗannan wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya game da yadda suke da yadda ake aiwatar da su. Wani abin ban sha’awa da littafin shi ne, an fasalta wasannin kwaikwayon ƙasar Hausa bakin gwargwado ta fuskar jinsi da shekaru da yanayin aiwatarwa da lokaci da yanayin wasannin. Hakan ya sa aka sami bambanci tsakaninsu da sauran takwarorinsu littattafan wasannin Hausawa da suka gabaci wannan. Babu shakka littafin zai taimaki malamai da masu nazarin wasannin Hausawa da matani a kammale na nau’o’in wasanni waɗanda suke daga ɓangarori daban-daban na ƙasar Hausa.

Hausawa suna cewa: “Wasa ba faɗa ba”. Tabbasa, marubutan wannan littafi sun yi ƙoƙari wurin samar da aiki wanda zai ƙara bunƙasa bincike a fannonin nazarin harshen Hausa, musamman a wannan zamani da wasannin gargajiya na Hausawa suke ɗaukar fasali irin na wasannin zamani. A gaishe da Malam Farfesa Yakubu Aliyu Gobir da Malam Abu-Ubaida Sani da ƙoƙari. Allah ya sa littafin ya zama mai amfani ga masu karatu da nazari, ya kuma zama abin yin madogara a fagen nazarin ilimi a matakai daban-daban.

Dakta Alamuna Nuhu
Tsangayar Fasaha,
Sashen Nazarin Harsunan Nijeriya da Kimiyyar Harshe,
Jami’ar Jihar Kaduna, Kaduna.

Allah San Barka

Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausawa, wani littafi ne kandamin a sha a yi wanka, wanda aka rubuta shi tare da tsara shi bisa kyakkyawan bincike da nazarce-nazarcen bayanai masu tarin yawa. Ya shafi wani muhimmin fanni na bayyananniyar al’adar Bahaushe. Dalili kuwa, kusan ana iya cewa an tattaro wasanni na zamanin da, da kuma na zamanin yanzu tare da hasko waɗansu sauye-sauye waɗanda zamanin ya kawo. Babu shakka littafin ya fito da wasu abubuwa tare da ƙara haske dangane da abin da ya shafi wasannin Bahaushe. Marubutan sun yi bayanai da suka shafi wasanni a ƙasar Hausa ta hanyar rarraba su bisa la’akari da adadin shekaru ko jinsin waɗanda ke gudanar da wasannin. Littafin na ɗauke da kammalallen bayanai game da wasannin. Ya faro tun daga bayyana ma’anar wasanni da amfaninsu har zuwa bayanin yadda ake gudanar da su dalla-dalla.

Bayan haka, marubutan sun binciko wasu abubuwa masu nuna alaƙa ko dangantaka da ke tsakakanin wasanni da rayuwar Bahaushe. Bayyana waɗansu abubuwan azanci da hikima na Bahaushe da suka shafi wasanninsa sun ƙawata littafin. Babu shakka wannan Littafi zai taimaka ga fagen ilmi. Zai kuma taimaka wa ɗalibai na kowane mataki daga sakandare zuwa jami’o’i, malamai da sauran al’umma da ke sha’awar nazarin al’adun Bahaushe. Na yaba tare da jinjina wa marubutan da fatan Allah ya ƙara taimako da ƙarfin guiwa. Amin.

Dr. Mu’azu Sa’adu Muhammad
Department of Nigerian Languages
Faculty of Humanities
Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa
Jigawa State.

Goyon Baya

A lokacin da nake karanta wannan littafin, abin da ya zo min a rayuwata shi ne irin yadda rayuwarmu ta kasance a lokacin da muke aiwatar da ire-iren waɗannan wasannin. A lokacin, rayuwa cike take da nishaɗi da farin ciki da kuma ƙaruwar tarbiyya a tsakaninmu, wato lokacin da muke yara. Tabbas, darussa ko jigogin da wannan littafin ya bayyana ana ta samun raguwarsu a wannan zamanin da muke ciki. Zamananci ya zo da abubuwa da dama waɗanda suke dushe waɗannan wasannin da ma darussan da suke koyarwa. Saboda haka, wannan littafi mai suna Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausawa ya taimaka ƙwarai da gaske wajen adana wasu daga cikin waɗannan wasannin. Ko da kuwa wasannin sun salwanta, to za su kasance a kattabe har Madi. Da fatar Allah ya saka wa marubuta wannan littafin da alhairinsa.

Malam Almustapha Sambo Wali
National Institute for Nigerian Languages

Jinjina

Gaskiyar Hausawa da suka aminta da cewa: “Sanin wurin bugu shi ne ƙira.” Samar da wannan littafi mai suna Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausawa da Prof. Yakubu Aliyu Gobir da Malam Abu-Ubaida Sani suka yi, bai zo mana da mamaki ba, duba da irin saninsu game da abubuwan da suka shafi al’adun Hausawa da kuma irin yadda suka goge wajen  karantar da al’adun na Hausawa. Nau’o’in wasannin da littafin ya tattaro, shi ya nuna  gagarumin aikin zai taimaka wa malamai da ɗalibai a matakan ilimi daban-daban (firamare zuwa jami’a). Don haka, samun wannan littafi a wannan lokaci abu ne da ya zo daidai lokacin da ake buƙata. Wato dai, tamkar wani kaya ne da ya tsinke a gindin kaba.

Allah Ya ƙara wa marubuta wannan littafi basira da juriya. Muna roƙon Allah Ya sa littafin ya zama mai amfani ga al’umma baki ɗaya; Ya kuma ci gaba da ɗaukaka Hausawa da karatun Hausa. Amin.

Malam Ibrahim Ɗalha,
GDSSS, Birnin Kudu,
Ministry of Education Science & Technology, Dutse,
Jigawa State.

Ƙunshiya

SADAUKARWA      iii

GODIYA        iv

Muƙaddima  v

Tsokaci          vi

Ta’aliƙi           vii

Allah San Barka        viii

Goyon Baya  ix

Jinjina x

GABATARWA         xvii

Kalmomin Fannu     xix

BABI NA ƊAYA

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYO

1.0 Gabatarwa           1

1.1 Ma’anar Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Hausa    1

1.2 Muhimmancin Wasannin Kwaikwayo          2

1.2.1 Horo da Gyaran Hali 3

1.2.2 Hannunka-Mai-Sanda            3

1.2.3 Jarumta Da Bajinta      4

1.2.4 Motsa Jiki         4

1.2.5 Hikima Da Dabara      4

1.2.6 Bin Doka Da Ƙa’ida    5

1.2.7 Ilimantarwa Da Taskance Harshe Da Al’ada         5

1.2.8 Nishaɗi 5

1.2.9 Hana Yawon Banza    5

1.2.10 Ƙarfafa Danƙon Zumunta    6

1.2.11 Wayewa Da Iya Magana Cikin Jama’a      6

1.2.12 Bayyana Muradun Zuci       6

1.3 Rabe-Raben Wasannin Kwaikwayon Gargajiya       7

1.3.1 Iren-Iren Wasanni Kwaikwayo Ta Fuskar Yanayin Aiwatar Da Su       7

1.3.1.1 Wasan Magana         8

1.3.1.2 Wasan Kurma           8

1.3.2 Rabe-Raben Wasannin Kwaikwayo Ta Fuskar Masu Gudanarwa         9

1.3.2.1 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Yara    9

1.3.2.1.1 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Yara Maza   9

1.3.2.1.2 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Yara Mata   10

1.3.2.1.3 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Yara Maza Da Mata          10

1.3.2.2 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Manya 11

1.3.2.2.1 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Manyan Maza        11

1.3.2.2.2 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Manyan Mata         11

1.3.2.3 Wasanni Kwaikwayo Na Gama-gari        12

1.3.3 Rabe-Raben WK ta Fuskar Lokacin Gudanarwa   12

1.3.3.1 Wasannin Kwaikwayon Rana        12

1.3.3.2 Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Dare     13

1.3.3.3 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Marasa Ƙayyadajjen Lokaci      13

1.3.4 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Masu Waƙa Da Marasa Waƙa      14

1.3.5 Wasannin Kwaikwayo Masu Jagora Da Marasa Jagora   14

1.4 Naɗewa    15

BABI NA BIYU

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYON YARA MAZA

2.0 Shimfiɗa   16

2.1 Taɓaɓɓe    16

2.2 Langa       18

2.3 Ba Mu Kuɗinmu 20

2.4 Ɓelunge   22

2.5 Ɗanduƙunini/Ɗanduƙununu  24

2.6 Yaƙi          25

2.7 Dokin Kara          27

2.8 Bindiga    28

2.9 Sallar Kwaɗi        30

2.10 Motar Kara        32

2.11 Danda Dokin Kara       34

2.12 Alhajin Ƙauye   35

2.13 Mai Ƙiriniya      37

2.14 Tashi Mai Kwaɗayi      39

2.15 Baran Baji          40

2.16 Zule-Zuleyya   42

2.17 Ni Cadi Zan Tafi          44

2.18 Ɗantsoho Mai Cin Bashi         45

2.19 Tsoho Da Gemu           47

2.20 Taya       48

2.21 Na Ci Na Kasa Tashi   50

BABI NA UKU

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYON YARA MATA

3.0 Shimfiɗa   51

3.1 To Iya       52

3.2 Samodara 53

3.3 Ɓakutu Mai Babban Ɗuwawu 55

3.4 Matar Nakarofi   57

3.5 Maimuna Ta Yi Ciki Ga Goyo 59

3.6 Hajiyar Ƙauye     60

3.7 Mai Ciki   62

3.8 Kwalba-Kwalba Dire     63

3.9 A Fiffigi Zogale  65

3.10 Ɗanlele  67

3.11 Gamuna 69

3.12 Ragadada          70

3.13 Kallo Da Ido      72

3.14 Dinga-Dinga     75

3.15 A Cikin Wannan Rana 77

3.16 Ke Kika Je Gidansu Direba     78

3.17 Jar Miya 79

3.18 Ga Mairama Ga Dauda           80

3.19 Rabi Da Audu  82

3.20 Ga KuɗinToshinki Na Bara    83

BABI NA HUƊU

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYO NA TARAYYA

4.0 Shimfiɗa   85

4.1 ‘Yartsana  86

4.2 Tuwon Ƙasa        88

4.3 Zuciyar Mai Tsumma    90

4.4 Ɗakin Tsuntsu    91

BABI NA BIYAR

WASANNIN KWAIKWAYON MANYA

5.0 Shimfiɗa   93

5.1 Gwauro    94

5.2 Boka Kake Ko Malami? 97

5.3 Jatau Mai Magani           99

5.4 Wandara A Sha Maganin Ƙaba            102

5.5 Macukule 104

BABI NA SHIDA

TASIRIN ZAMANI A KAN WASANNIN KWAIKWAYON HAUSAWA NA GARGAJIYA

6.0 Shimfiɗa   107

6.1 Dalilan Dusashewar Wasannin Kwaikwayon Gargajiya    107

6.2 Sauye-Sauye A Wasannin Kwaikwayon Hausa Na Gargajiya       112

6.3 Naɗewa    112

Manazarta     113

Gabatarwa

Haƙiƙa, wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya sun kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwar ɗan’adam. Wannan kuwa bai tsaya a kan Hausawa ba kawai, ya shafi dukkanin al’ummun duniya da ke ƙasashe daban-daban. Sai dai akan sami bambance-bambancen salo da siga na waɗannan wasanni, wanda hakan ya danganta ga al’ada da yanayin wurin zama na masu wannan wasa.

Wasannin kwaikwayon da Hausawa suka gada tun iyaye da kakanni na fuskantar dusashewa, tamkar dai sauran al’adun Hausawan. Wannan na faruwa ne sakamakon dalilai masu dama waɗanda za a iya taƙaita su da furucin tasirin zamani. Lura da wannan ƙoƙarin ɓacewa da mafi yawan wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya ke yi, akwai buƙatar killace su wuri ɗaya a matsayin wani kundin da zai kasance abin waiwaiya a kodayaushe. Yin hakan zai sanya ko da wasannin kwaikwayon sun gushe a zamani, za su kasance a killace har Madi.

Marubutan wannan Littafin sun tattara wasannin gargajiya na Hausawa guda ɗari biyu da goma shahuɗu (214) a shekara ta 2021. Sun wallafa su a cikin littafi mai suna Wasanni a Ƙasar Hausa. Littafin ya ƙunshi dukkannin nau’ukan wasanni – na kwaikwayo da waɗanda ba na kwaikwayo ba. Daga baya ne suka yi tunanin ware wasannin kwaikwayo daga cikinsu. An yi nasarar ware wasannin kwaikwayo guda 50.

An raba littafin zuwa babuka shida (6). Babi na farko yana ɗauke da gabatarwa. A ciki an kawo bayani game da ma’anar wasan kwaikwayo. An kuma kawo amfanin wasannin kwaikwayo da rabe-rabensu. Babi na biyu zuwa na biyar kuwa na ƙunshe da bayanai game da wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya daban-daban. Sun haɗa da na yara maza da yara mata da na tarayya. A gefe guda kuwa, an kawo na manya maza da mata. Babi na shida wanda shi ne na ƙarshe, yana ƙunshe da bayani game da tasirin zamani a kan wasannin kwaikwayon Bahaushe na gargajiya.

Bayan an kawo jerin manazarta, sai kuma aka biyo baya da ratayen waɗannan wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya cikin tsararren jadawali. An yi hakan ne domin samar da haske ga mai karatu ko bincike, yadda zai samu bayanai masu muhimmanci a kan kowane wasa kai tsaye. Ga kowane wasa, an bayyana abubuwa da suka haɗa da:

i.          Sunan wasa

ii.         Masu wasa

iii.       Rukunin wasa

iv.        Kayan aiki

v.         Amfanin wasa

Prof. Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR
Abu-Ubaida SANI
02-01-2023