Nijeriya A Haɗe Ko A Rabe? Nazarin Amsa A Waƙar Ɗanba'u

Daga

Abdulbasir Ahmad Atuwo
Department of Nigerian Languages
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto.
Email: atuwoaa@gmail.com
Phone: 07032492269

Takardar da aka gabatar a wajen taron Ƙara wa juna ilmi na Ƙasa na farko wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna Nijeriya ta Jami’ar Bayero Kano ta shirya a kan Harshe da Adabi da Al’ada daga 14 zuwa 16 ga watan Janairu 2013.

1.0 Gabatarwa

Ƙasar Nijeriya na daga cikin manyan Ƙasashe na duniya saboda tana cikin jerin Ƙasashen duniya mafi yawan jama’a. Sannan ita ce ta shida a jerin Ƙasashe masu arziƘin man fetur a duniya, kuma ita ce ta ďaya a Ƙasashen Afirka. Haka kuma ga albarkatun ruwa da na Ƙasa da fadamu da kuma albarkatun ma’adanai kamar kwallin kura da zinare da kuza da karmatako da dai sauransu. Nijeriya mai jihohi talatin da shida (36) na da babban birnin tarayyarta a Abuja kuma a Afirka ta yamma take.
A Ƃangarenta na yamma, Nijeriya ta yi iyaka da jumhuriyyar Benin; a Ƃangarenta na gabas ta yi iyaka da Ƙasar Chadi da jumhuriyyar Kamaru sannan ta arewa tana maƘwabtaka da jumhuriyyar Nijar amma a kudu da ita ta yi iyaka da tekun Atlantika ne.
Wannan Ƙasa mai ďimbin albarkatu na ci gaban rayuwar jama’a wato Nijeriya, Ingila ce ta yi mata mulkin mallaka a Ƙarshen Ƙarni na sha tara (19), amma ta samu ‘yancinta a farkon Ƙarni na ashirin (20) wato 01-10-1960. Saboda yawan al’ummar da ke cikin Nijeriya akwai harsuna fiye da 500, amma harsunan da aka sani fitattu na Ƙasa su ne Hausa da Yarbanci da kuma Igbo.Sai kuma waďansu masu biye musu na yankunan Ƙasar akwai harshen Fulatanci da na Edo da na Efik da na Idoma da Ijaw da na Barbarci (Kanuri).Turanci shi ne harshen da ake amfani da shi a matsayin harshen tafiyar da mulki da harkokin gwamnati, kuma akwai Musulmi da Kiristoci da sauran mabiya addinin gargajiya.
Nijeriya, Ƙasa ce wadda Allah (SWT) ya albarkata da yawan jama’a da al’adu iri-iri da kuma addinai dabam-daban. Bisa ga bayanin Hukumar Ƙididdiga ta Ƙasa ta Nijeriya (Nigerian National Bureau for Statistics, Nigeria.) ya nuna yawan ‘yan Nijeriya a daidai watan Disamba, 2012 miladiyya da cewa ya kai miliyan ďari da sittin da shida da ďigo biyar (166,000,000.5). Maimakon waďannan bambance-bambance su zama sababin haďin kai da zama lafiya, sai waďansu suka yi amfani da su a matsayin wani sinadarin haddasa matsaloli masu yawa a fannonin rayuwa da zamantakewar al’ummar da ke cikin Ƙasar. Misali akwai matsaloli na siyasa da na addini da na Ƙabilanci har ma da na rashin tsaro.Waďannan matsalolin sun girma har sun kai ga fara kafa Ƙungiyoyi na Ƃangarori masu nasaba da rashin haďin kan Ƙasa. Domin gano mafita da bayar da shawarwari, wannan muƘala ta dubi wannan matsala ta hanyar danganta takenta da tambaya kamar haka “Nijeriya a haďe ko a rabe? Nazarin amsa a waƘar ďanba’u ta ‘yan Nijeriya”.

2.0 TaƘaitaccen Tarihin SaƂanin Al’ummun Nijeriya

Manufar gabatar da taƘaitaccciyar shimfiďa game da Nijeriya da abin da ke cikinta shi ne mu ga cewa duk inda aka fito al’ummun Nijeriya zaune ake lafiya da juna duk da bambance-bambancen da ke akwai, sai daga baya ne Ƃarakar ta fara bayyana ta yi yawa har ta kai mu a inda muke a yau.
Farkon saƂanin ra’ayi ya fara ne a Nijeriya a 1964 lokacin da a ka fara yin haďaka a tsakanin manyan jam’iyyun Northern People Congress (NPC) ta Ahmadu Bello Sardaunan da Nigerian National Democrtic Party (NNDP) ta Samuel Akintola, inda suka yi haďakar jam’iyyar Nigerian National Aliance (NNA). Sai haďakar National Congress of Nigeria and Cameroon (NCNC) ta Nmandi Azikewe da Action Group (AG) inda suka yi haďakar jam’iyyar United Promt Grand Aliance (UPGA). Duk wannan gwagwarmaya ta kakkafa jam’iyyun siyasa da haďakarsu na tattare da tasirin gwagwarmayar neman ‘yancin Nijeriya da tsara wa Nijeriya kundin tsarin mulkinta. An yi yunƘurin bayar da ‘yancin a 1956 amma Arewa, ta nuna Ƙin amincewa da matakin, saboda Arewa ta san cewa ba su shirya ba domin yankin na da Ƙarancin ‘yan boko waďanda za su yi aiki a sababbin ma’aikatu idan an buďe. Saboda haka ra’ayin Arewa shi ne a ďaga bayar da ‘yancin zuwa shekara ďaya. Wannan ra’ayin ya dagula tunanin wakilan kudu saboda suna ganin ya mayar da hannun agogo baya, shi kuma yankin Arewa na ganin idan ya aminta da a bayar da ‘yanci a wannan lokacin, Arewa za ta cutu. Wannan matsala ta Ƙara kambama bambancin ra’ayi tsakanin arewa da kudancin Nijeriya.

2.1 Nason Ƃangaranci A Siyasar Farko (Jumhuriyya Ta ďaya) A Nijeriya

Bayan Nijeriya ta samu ‘yanci a ranar 1/10/1960 daga Ingila sai dai kafa jam’iyyun siyasa ya daidaitu tun kafin samun ‘yanci. Ana iya cewa shirye-shiryen siyasa ya fara ne tun 1939 lokacin da ‘yan Arewa suka fara kafa Ƙungiya ta tsofafin ďaliban Kwalejin Horarar da Malamai Katsina (Katsina Teachers ‘College). Amma abin lura shi ne kakkafa jam’iyyun siyasar ya kasance kamar haka:
1. NCN 1944
2. AG 1949
3. NEPU 1950
4. NPC 1951

Sai dai jam’iyyun na dabaibaye da tasirin Ƃangaranci da bambance-bambancen ra’ayi.Jam’iyya mai ra’ayin ‘yan mazan jiya mai suna Northern People’s Congress (NPC) ‘yan areawacin Nijeriya, suka yi ruwa suka yi tsaki a gare ta kuma Abubakar Tafawa Ƃalewa ya zama Firayiministan farko a Nijeriya sannan Sir Ahmadu Bello Sardauna ya zama Firimiyan jihar Arewa na farko. Sannan jam’iyya mai suna National Congress of Nigeria and Cameroon (NCNC) jam’iyyar al’ummar gabashin Nijeriya ce, kuma Inyamurai (Igbo) da kiristoci ke da faďa a ji a cikinta, kuma a ƘarƘashinta ne Nnamdi Azikiwe ya zama shugaban Ƙasa na farko bayan samun ‘yanci. Ita kuma jam’iyyar Action Group (AG) mai ra’ayin sauyi kuma jam’iyyar al’ummar yammacin Nijeriya waddaYarbawa ke da faďa a ji da dai sauran jam’iyyu da ba su yi Ƙarfin sauran ba.

2.2 Nason Ƃangaranci A Juyin Mulki

Waďannan matsaloli na Ƃangaranci da bambance-bambancen ra’ayoyi sun ratsa har ga harkar soja saboda idan muka dubi juyin mulkin farko da aka yi a ranar 15/1/1966, hafsan soja, wanda ďan lelen Sardauna ne, Manjo Chukuma Kaduna Nzegwu wanda asalinsa Igbo ne, amma haifaffen Kaduna ya jagoranci kisan gillar da aka yi wa Firimiyan jihar Arewa, Ahmadu Bello Sardauna wanda shi ne ya sa shi cikin Sojan. A Ikko kuma aka kashe Firayiminista, Abubakar Tafawa Ƃalewa. Daga cikin dalilan da suka alaƘanta juyin mulkin, ya zama na Ƃangaranci, shi ne manyan hafsoshin soja tara aka kashe a wannan juyin mulkin amma guda ne kawai ďan Ƙabilar Igbo, sauran huďu ‘yan Arewa, huďu kuma Yarbawa. Sannan cikin ‘yan siyasa masu riƘe da manyan muƘamai guda ďaya aka kashe wato Ministan kuďi cif Festus Okitie-Eboh.
Sai juyin mulki na biyu wanda aka yi a ranar 29/7/1966 mai nason Arewacin Nijeriya, kuma mai kama da ramuwar gayya, wanda ya laƘume rayuwar hafsoshin soja 200 akasarinsu daga gabashin Nijeriya. Shugaban Ƙasa na wannan lokaci Manjo janar Aguiyi Ironsi na yin rangadi a Ibadan da shi da mai masaukinsa, gwamnan jihar yamma laftanar kanar Fajuyi duk aka Ƃoye su, sai daga baya aka tarar da gawawwakinsu.
Waďannan rigingimu suna aukuwa, kuma suna Ƙara tasiri ga rayuwar al’ummar Nijeriya, kuma matsalolin na tilasta wa ‘yan Nijeriya yin tunani iri-iri game da sama wa kansu mafita. Saboda haka nan take aka kafa Ƙungiyoyin gwagwarmayar neman waďansu haƘƘoƘi da waďansu suke ganin an danne musu.Misali Ƙungiyar ‘yan gwagwarmayar Calabar, Ogoja da RiƂers (CORS), Cif Eyo Ita shi ne jagoranta. Sai Ƙungiyar gwagwarmayar neman cin gashin kai ta yankin Neja Delta, kumaa farkon shekarar 1966, Isaac Boro ya yi zanga-zangar kwanaki goma sha biyu (12) amma daga bisani gwamnati ta murƘushe su.
Ita ma Ƙungiyar TuntuƂa ta Arewacin Nijeriya, wato Arewa ConsultatiƂe Forum (ACF) wadda ta Ƙunshi al’ummomin yankunan Arewa zalla. Wannan Ƙungiya ta zargi al’ummar Ibo da kisan muhimman mutane a juyin mulkin 1966. Haka kuma sun nuna cewa Arewa ita ce da kason 53.19% sannan a cikin kason da ya rage na 46.80%. Yarbawa ke bin Arewa ga yawa sannan sai Ibo.
Sauran Ƙungiyoyi masu nason Ƃangaranci da suka bayyana a lokacin su ne: Ƙungiyar fafutukar Yarbawa zalla wato Afenifere da Ƙungiyar Ibo wato Ohana Eze Ndi Igbo da Ƙungiyar al’ummar Ogoni The People of Ogoni wadda ta Ƙunshi garuruwan Babbe da Gokana da Ken Kahana da Niyo Kahana inda suka yi Ƙorafin ba su da wakilci a ma’aikatun Gwamnatin Tarayyya.
Idan muka dubi tashe-tashen hankulan da suka auku tsakanin watannin Agusta da Satumba na 1966 yadda zanga-zanga ta auku a Arewacin Nijeriya kan Ƙabilar Ibo wanda aka fi sani da taken “A ware”. A wannan bore kawai an kashe Ibo kimanin dubu goma (10,000) zuwa dubu talatin (30,000) sannan miliyoyinsu suka yi hijira zuwa Gabashin Nijeriya, Uwechue (1991:64). Ranar 26 ga watan Mayu 1966 Odumegwu Ojukwu ya yi sanarwar kafa Ƙasar Biafara. Wannan ya haddasa yaƘin basasa a Nijeriya. Wannan yaƘin ya zama sanadin mutuwar miliyoyin al’ummar Ibo kafin kammala yaƘin basasa An fara yaƘin basasa a ranar 6 ga watan Yuli 1967 an kammala yaƘin a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu, 1970.
Haka kuma an yi ta karo da rigingimun juyin mulki kamar a ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu 1976 da aka kashe Janar Murtala a wani juyin mulki mai nasaba da Ƙabilanci da addini wanda laftanar kanar, Bukar Sukar Dimka ya shirya ya kuma jagoranci yin sa. Kuma sojoji 39 ne kotun Soja ta kama da laifi kuma aka harbe su. Sai kuma a ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1986 aka wayi gari da wani juyin mulkin inda aka kama hafsoshin soja 14 aka zartar da hukuncin kisa ga 10 daga cikinsu, kuma aka kashe su.
Ranar 22, ga watan Afrilu, 1990 aka yi wani juyin mulki mai nasaba da Ƙabilanci da addini,wanda Manjo Gideon Gwaza Orkar wanda ya mayar da jihohin Hausa/Fulani kuma Musulmi zuwa Ƙasar Nijar. Ranar 27 ga watan Yuli, 1990 an kashe sojoji 42 masu hannu a wannan juyin mulki; 9 daga cikinsu aka kai su zuwa gidan yari, amma shekaru daban-daban; sannan kuma 31 suka sake gurfana a gaban kotu.
A shekarar 2001, hargitsin Jos ya kunno kai inda aka kai hare-hare a garuruwa da unguwanni da Masallatai. Kuma tun daga wannan lokacin ne Jihar Plateu ba ta sake samun kwanciyar hankali sosai ba.
A shekarar 2010, tsohon Jekadan Amurka a Nijeriya, Mr. Cambell ya yi wani furuci a kafafen watsa labaru cewar “Nan da shekarar 2015 Nijeriya za ta rabe.” Jim kaďan bayan zaƂen 2011 sai mafi yawan jihohin Arewa suka shiga halin tarzoma saboda nuna rashin jin daďin sakamakon da aka bayyana.
A 2011, sai wata sabuwa ta kunno kai tamkar dai wani yunƘuri na Ƙarfafa maganar Mista Cambell.Sai ga wata Ƙungiya mai suna Ahlussunna wal jama’a lil da’awati wal jihad wadda ake zargi da kai hare-hare da bindigogi a wurare daban-dabam kamar ofisoshin jami’an tsaro da wuraren gwamnati da kafafen watsa labaru har ma da ďaiďaikun mutane ko gidajensu ko a kan hanya. Hare-haren sun Ƙara tsauri ne bayan da jami’an tsaro suka kama shugaban su Muhammadu Yusuf, kuma suka harbe shi. Wannan MuƘala ta dubi irin waďannan matasaloli da yadda suke illa ga dangantakar zamantakewar ‘yan Nijeriya, sai ta gabatar da tambaya “A haďe ko a rabe.?” A nan Musa ďanba’u ya ba mu amsar wannan tambaya ta hanyar yi mana bitar shawarwari a cikin waƘarsa ta “yan Nijeriya.

2.3.1 Nazarin Amsar Rigingimun Nijeriya A WaƘar ďanba’u Ta ‘Yan Nijeriya.

Matsayin mawaƘan baka na Hausa matsayi ne da ya wuce na masu nishaďantarwa, domin wani lokaci sukan hau kujerar masu sulhu wani lokaci kuma su kasance masu wa’azi ko da’awwa, wani lokaci kuma su zama masu bayar da shawarwari ga harkokin zamantakewar jama’arsu. Kuma a matsayinsu na ‘yan Nijeriya duk abin da ya sami Nijeriya ko na daďi ko na baƘin ciki su ma ya shafe su. Nijeriya ta faďa rigingimun siyasa iri-iri waďansu sukan kai ga tsayar da duk waďansu harkoki na rayuwa.Misali, irin yadda komai ya tsaya a Nijeriya bayan da shugaban Ƙasa na lokacin, Janar Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida ya soke zaƂen 12 ga watan Yuni, 1991. Irin waďannan rigingimu ne Musa ďanba’u ya ga cewa akwai buƘatar ya ďauki ďaya daga matsayin da muka ambato a baya. Kuma ga alamu matsayin da ďanba’u ya ďauka shi ne na mai bayar da shawara a waƘarsa ta “yan Najeriya”.
Wannan mawaƘin, Musa ďanba’u ya gina gindin waƘarsa ne da wani babban lamari wanda shi ne ‘yan Nijeriya ke buƘata wato “Haďin kai” kuma da Nijeriya ta samu haka nan da tuni ta cimma tsaranta. MawaƘin yana cewa:
Yan Najeriya ‘yan uwa mu yi ƘoƘari,
Mu zan haďa kanmu mun kama hanyar gaskiya.

Sannan ga kowane lamari na rayuwa Musulmi ya tunkara, yakan fara da addu’a, domin neman tallafin Mahaliccinsa. A nan ďanba’u ya fara ne da neman taimakon Allah ga Ƙasarsa Nijeriya.
Gyara min mai sama,
Allah kai ke da mu,
Ka taimaki Nijeriya,
Kandami babbar Ƙasa.

Ga al’ada ko lokacin da masu bayar da magani, babbar matsalarsu ga binciken rashin lafiya ko marar lafiya shi ne rashin gane ciwo ko rashin lafiya. Amma da zarar an gano ciwo, to shawo kan matsalar za ta yi sauƘi. Tamkar haka ne matsalar zamantakewar al’ummar Nijeriya, sun san matsalolinsu da bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninsu, saboda haka kamata ya yi a tunkare su domin magance su. Musa ďanba’u ya fayyace muna matsalolin Nijeriya kamar haka: Bambancin jinsuna da yawan jama’a da bambancin al’adu da addinai da aikin ‘yan baranda da kuma marasa kishin Ƙasa.

2.3.2 Bambancin Jinsuna Saboda Yawan Jama’a

Nijeriya, Allah (SWT) ya yi ta da yawan jama’a da yawan Ƙabilu. Allah ba ya yi haka ne ba kan rashin dalili sai dai a kan dalili ko dalilai. Shi Musa ďanba’u ya kamanta wannan yanayi da kogi ne tare da siffanta ‘yan Nijeriya da dabbobin da ke cikin ruwa kamar haka:
Kifi da kada da kwaďo da tsari dorina,
Halittarsu daban-daban,
Amma in mun tuna,
Duk gidansu yana ruwa.

Manufofin ďanba’u a wannan baiti na iya ďaukar ďayan biyu ko biyun.
1. ‘Yan Nijeriya su yi koyi da ďabi’ar dabbobin ruwa da yarda da juna da karƂar juna da amincewa a zauna wuri ďaya duk kuwa da bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninsu.
2. Kamanta Nijeriya da kogi, Ƙabilun da ke cikinta kuma su ma an kamanta su da dabbobin ruwa. Saboda haka yadda halittun ruwa suka yi haƘuri da juna su ma ‘yan Nijeriya kamata su yi haƘuri da juna.

Amma domin ya sauƘaƘa fahimtar saƘonsa ga mai sauraro, ďanba’u sai ya buďe bayanin kamar haka:
Ina Yarbawa Nupawa,
Ina jama’ar Igbo,
Har da ku jama’ar Tibi,
Duk mu taru mu 7 je gaba ďai,
Mu koma ‘yan ruwa.

A cikin waƘarsa mai taken “Dangantakarsa daidai” ďan maraya Jos ya Ƙara kawo saƘo irin wannan ga ‘yan Nijeriya.
Kamar haka:
Allah Huwallazina,
Ya yi Larabawa,
Ya yi Ingilishi,
Yay yo mutan Amerika,
Ya yi Indiyawa,
Allah Huwallazina,
Yai haka ne domin mu gane juna.

2.3.3 Yawan Bambancin Al’adu Da Addinai

Wannan matsala na cikin matsalolin da ke haddasa rigingimu a Nijeriya maimakon a yi amfani da yawan al’adu da yawan addinai wajen fahintar juna domin ciyar da Ƙasar gaba. Usman (2009:125) ya bayyana a takardarsa ta Turanci mai taken Historical Genesis and Trends of Political Instability in Nigeria, wato“Tarihin asalin rigingimun siyasar Nijeriya.” Ya ce:
Yanayin da ya tilasta ‘yan mulkin mallaka haďa Arewaci da Kudancin Nijeriya a matsayin Ƙasa ďaya a 1914 na tattare da manufar ba Ƃangarorin Ƙasar dama ta musayar tattalin arziki musamman Arewa ta sami damar amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke gaƂar teku a Kudu.

A nan idan mun dubi dalilan wannan haďin an yi ne kan kyakkyawar manufa ba manufa ta Ƃaraka ba. Musa ďanba’u a waƘarsa ya yi umarni da wannan don ‘yan Nijeriya sun san da shi kamar haka:
ďanba’u na cewa:
Kun gani Najeriya,
Mai yawan faďin Ƙasa,
Al’adunmu daban-dabam,
Addinnanmu daban-dabam,
Allah mai Ƙaddarowa,
A kowane al’amar,
Shi yaƘ Ƙaddaro,
Mun ka zauni wuri ďaya,
Kuma gidanmu yana ďaya.

A nan ďanba’u yana nuni da cewa duk ďan Nijeriya ya san akwai al’adu iri-iri da addinnai iri-iri kuma ba wanda ya isa ya sauya abin da Allah (SWT) ya Ƙaddaro.

2.3.4 Aikin ‘Yan Baranda Da Marasa Kishin Ƙasa

Sau tari Ƙasa kan sami matsalar da Ƙiyayya ko hassada daga waďansu takwarorinta. Ƙasashen nan kan kasance maƘwabta ko kuma na nesa. Wani lokaci kuma sai a yi amfani da ‘yan Ƙasar a haddasa tawaye, kamar abin da ke faruwa yanzu a Ƙasashe musamman na Larabawa. Wannan hargatsi na cikin abubuwan da kan haddasa hargisti da tashin-tashina a cikin Ƙasa. Musa ďanba’u ya fito da wannan matsalar a cikin waƘarsa:
Kada mu yarda da ‘yan baranda,
Da ‘yan zambar ciki,
Masu son su haďa mu,
Sannan su koma tsallake,
Idan ta rikicce su buƘata ta biya.

Idan muka kwatanta saƘon waďannan ‘ya’yan waƘa da irin ruďanin da Ojukwu ya kawo Ƙasar nan tare da zama sanadin salwantar rayuka da dukiyoyi, za mu ga Ladan, (1976) a waƘarsa ta “Haďin kan Ƙasashen Afirka” ya tofa albarkacin bakinsa kan Ojukwu kamar haka:
Ojukwu da ya Ƙare mafarkinsa,
Da ya ga kamar shi ne Pasha,
Ga kamben zinari kansa,
Ga fadawa da zagagensa,
Yai imani babu kamarsa.

Irin waďannan matsaloli na tawaye kan faru a sassan duniya dabam-daban kuma har yanzu akan sami wasu Ƙasashe da kan zama ‘yan baranda da kan ďauki nauyin bayar da kuďi ko makamai ga ‘yan tawaye, misali yaƘin basasar Nijeriya an sami waďansu Ƙasashen da suka yi ruwa suka yi tsaki wajen ganin an ďaiďaita Nijeriya. Uwechue, (1991) ya nuna cewa “Ƙasar Tanzaniya da Gabon da IƂory Coast da Zambiya da Haiti duk sun taimaka wa ‘yan tawayen Biafara”. Irin waďannan ‘yan tashin-tashina ne ďanba’u ke nufi da cewa:
Masu son su haďa mu,
Sannan su koma Ƙetare,
In ta rikkice su buƘata ta biya.

2.3.4 Mafita Ga ‘Yan Nijeriya

Wannan muƘala ta gabatar da waďansu daga cikin matsalolin da ke damun Nijeriya kamar yadda tarihi ya gabata, sannan aka lalubo waďansu a cikin waƘar nan ta ‘yan Najeriya. Saboda haka tun da aka lalubo matsaloli, sai kuma a duƘufa ga lalubo mafita. Kuma Musa ďanba’u ya bayar da shawarwari guda biyu cikin waƘarsa kamar haka:
1. Shawara ta farko yana cewa:
Ni ďan Nijeriya,
Kai ďan Nijeriya,
Ke ‘yar Nijeriya,
Ita ‘yar Nijeriya,
Ku mu zauna da juna,
Mu yi hanƘuri.

A wannan shawara amfani da kalmar nan ta ‘haƘuri’ ta isa ga duk ďan Nijeriya domin shi kaďai ya rage wa ‘yan Nijeriya wato rungumar juna domin samun kwanciyar hankali da tsaro.

2. Shawara ta biyu da ya bayar ita ce ta koyi da ďabi’un magabata na rungumar kowa da kowa a tafiyar da ci gaban Ƙasa da zaman lafiya.
Sir Ahmadu Bello Sardauna shi da Tafawa,
Sannan Ribaďo Muhammadu,
Sun dage Ƙwarai namu ‘yanci ya fito.

A nan ďanba’u ya ci gaba da jero sauran shugabanni irin su Sir Kashim Ibrahim su Azikewe su Awolowo su Janar Murtala su Shehu Shagari su Obasanjo su Buhari su Babangida su Abacha, dukkansu ya nemi a yi koyi da su ga irin kishin Ƙasa wajen mulkinta da tabbatar da ci gabanta da kare martabarta.Har ila yau ďanba’u na da yaƘinin idan aka yi riƘo da waďannan halaye irin na ‘yan mazan jiya, tsaro da aminci za su tabbata yadda dimokraďiyya za ta daidaita.

3.0 Kammalawa

Daga Ƙarshe, muƘalar na bayar da shawarar cewa irin rigingimun da ke faruwa ba wai a Nijeriya kawai ba, har ma da sauran Ƙasashe maƘwabta da kuma sauran Ƙasashen duniya duk suna da nasaba da waďansu abubuwa kamar
Rashin adalcin shugabanni ga talakawa, da rashin cika alƘawurran da aka yi musu lokacin yekuwar neman zaƂe da nuna Ƃangaranci ko na Ƙabila ko na addini ko kuma na siyasa domin mafi yawan matsalolin da muka sami kammu a ciki yau na da nasaba da waďannan abubuwa.
Sai kuma nuna rashin kishin Ƙasa da sadaukar da kai ga ci gabanta akasin yadda magabata suka kasance a wancan lokacin.
Haka kuma matsalar cin hanci da rashawa da satar dukiyar Baitul mali na cikin matsalolin da ke tauye ci gaban Nijeriya tare da zubar da kimarta a idon Ƙasashen duniya. Ga matsalar haďama da handama da zalunci a dalilin son yin arziki a dare ďaya ko ta halin ƘaƘa.
Daga Ƙarshe wannan muƘala na Ƙara tunatarwa cewa, ana iya samun maganin matsalolin da ke damun siyasar Nijeriya da sauran rigingimu a cikin waƘoƘin baka matuƘar dai za a yi aiki da shawarwari da Ƙorafe-Ƙorafe da kuma gargaďi da ke cikinsu.

MANAZARTA

Atuwo, A. A. (2006) “Conflict Resolution And Reconciliation In The Themes Of Selected Hausa Literate And Oral Songs.” KANJOLLS, Kontagora.
Bichi, Y.( 1977) WaƘar Rikicin Najeriya . NNPC: Kano
ďangambo, A. (2007) ďaurayar Gadon Feďe WaƘa. Amana Publishers, Kaduna.
Gusau, S. M. (2003) Jagoran Nazarin WaƘar Baka. Kano: Benchmark Publishers, Limited.
Gusau, S. M. (2008) WaƘoƘin Baka A Ƙasar Hausa. Kano: Benchmark Publishers Limited.
Gusau, S. M. (2009) Diwanin WaƘoƘin Baka: ZaƂaƂƂun Matanoni Na WaƘoƘin Baka Na Hausa. Kano: Century and Publishing, Limited.
Hukumar Binciken Tarihi da Kyautata Al’adu ta Jihar Katsina (2003) WaƘoƘin Alhaji Mamman Shata Diwani Na ďaya. Katsina: GoƂernment Printing Press.
Ibrahim, M. S. (1988) Abokin Hira 2: Kowa Ya Sha Kiďa. Ibadan: Longman Nigeria, Limited.
Junaidu, I da ‘Yar’aduwa, T. M. (2007) Harshe Da Adabin Hausa A Kammale Don Manyan Makarantun Sakandare. Ibadan: Spectrum Books, Limited.
Ladan, A. (1976) WaƘar Haďin Kan Ƙasashin Afirka. Ibadan: Oxford University Press, Limited.
Musa ďanba’u: WaƘar ‘Yan Najeriya
Nigeria National Breau for Statistic, Nigeria.
Nigerian Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia, (http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nig.).
Umar, M. B. (1985) ďan Maraya Jos. Ibadan: University Press, Limited.
Usman, A. F. (2009) “Hisotical Genesis and Trends Of Political Instability in Nigeria”: State And CiƂil Society Relations In Nigeria. Ibadan, Hope Publication, Nigeria.
Uwechue, R.(1991) Africa Today 2nd Edition , Africa Books, London.
Yahaya, I. da ďangambo, A. (1999) Jagoran Nazarin Hausa.Gaskiya Corporation, Zaria.
Yahya, A. B. (1997) Jigon Nazarin WaƘa. Kaduna: Fisbas Media Servises.
Yahya, A. B. (1999) Salo Asirin WaƘa. Kaduna: Fisbas Media Servises.