Tasirin Fasahar Sadarwa Ta Zamani Ga Al’ummar Hausawa

Mukalar da aka gabatar a taron kara wa juna sani na kasa da kasa a kan nazarin Hausa a karni na ashirin da daya (Ƙ .21). Wanda aka gabatar a Jami’ar Bayero da ke Kano. Daga ranar 10-12 ga watan Nuwamba, 2014.

Daga

Rabiu Aliyu Rambo
Department of Nigerian Languages
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
G S M: 08125507991
Email: rabiualiyurambo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The concept of culture is conventionally believed that, it is the general way of life of a particular group of people which include their norms and values. Information and communication technology has captured the interest of the entire world today. It enhances the global developments which include all aspect of human life including Hausa culture. The focus of this paper is to explore how information and communication technology (I C T) affect the norms and values of the Hausa people. In light of the above, the paper is of the view that, information and communication technology has no doubt contributed a lot in the development of Hausa culture within and outside the Hausa communities. Thus, despite all the development enjoined through the information and communication technology by the Hausa communities, yet it has contributed to the moral decadence of some Hausa norms and values in our society today. It is against this background that this paper wishes to study the pros and cons of ICT as it relate to some aspect of Hausa culture.

1.0 Gabatarwa

Babu tababa, sha’anin sadarwa musammam a wannan zamani ya yi tasiri ainun ta fuskoki daban daban da ya shafi al’adun alummar Hausawa da ma wasu sauran al’ummu. Al’ada kuwa, hanya ce da ta shafi lamarin rayuwar al’umma baki d’aya. Wannan muk’ala mai taken “ Tasirin Fasahar Hanyoyin Sadarwa Na Zamani a kan wasu Al’adun Hausawa.” Takardar za ta yi k’ok’arin kawo irin ci gaban da zamani ya kawo ta fuskar sadarwa domin ha’baka wasu al’adun Hausawa. A wani ‘bangaren kuma  a zak’ulo  wasu matsaloli ko illolin da wad’annan sababbin hanyoyin fasahar sadarwa suka haifar ga wasu al’adun Hausawa.

A k’ok’arin yi wa aikin adalci, sai aka ga ya dace a d’an yi waiwaye kan hanyoyin sadarwa na gargajiya na Bahaushe da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani. A al’adance Bahaushe yana da wasu hanyoyin sadarwa wad’anda suka had’a da: Magana ta baka da baka wadda ta had’a da amfani da  sank’iran gari, shi ake umurta da ya zaga gari unguwa-unguwa yana shaida wa jama’a sak’o. Zaruk, (1986). Akwai sadarwa ta amfani da sassan jiki, kamar amfani da kai da fuska da hannu da baki da ido da sauransu[i].  Haka kuma akwai sadarwa ta amfani da wasu kayan kid’a kamar su: Tambari da kalangu da kuge da kurya da k’aho da sauransu. Umar (2012:21) ya rawaito Gusau, (2008) yana cewa:

  Akan kad’a kalangu don shaida wa sarki wani sak’o a lokacin

                               da yake cikin gida. Duk irin yanayin kid’an kalangu da aka yi

                               Sarki zai fahinci abubuwan da ake nufi. Idan ana son sarki ya

                              fito fada ne sai mai cali ya kad’a shi, sannan sarki ya fito waje.

                              Idan ko sak’on bai buk’atar sarki ya fito fada ne, don dai ya sami

                             bayanin abin da ake ciki ne a kofar fada, shi ke nan ba sai ya fito

1. Gusau. (2008)

Kazalika, akwai  sadarwa ta amfani da wasu abubuwa na musammam kamar Bindiga da wuta da gud’a da kar-ta-kwana da sauransu.

A duniyar yau, Hausawa sun sami wasu sababbin nasu hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani wad’anda suka shak’u da su a sanadiyyar ci gaban al’umma, wanda bunk’asar Ilimi da fasaha da k’ere-k’ere ya haifar a sassa daban daban na duniya. Huld’ar al’ummar Hausawa da wasu al’ummomi na duniya kamar Larabawa da Turawa ya sa Hausawa suka samu wasu sabbin dabarun sadarwa na zamani, wad’anda a yanzu kusan a ce sun mamaye wasu ‘bangarori na rayuwar Hausawa.

Hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani sun kunshi; Rubutu da karatu: wasik’u da jaridu da mujallu da allon sanarwa da katin gayyata da alamomin amfani da hanya da sauransu. Akwai ta hanyar sauraren magana da abin da ya shafi kallo: Kamar Talebijin da wayar tarho da wayar hannu (salula) da kuma intanet. Umar (2012:22)

Dangane da wannan ne, wannan mak’alar za ta yi k’ok’arin kawo irin rawar da fasahar sadarwa ta zamani ta haifar wurin bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa musammam a wannan zamani. Bayan wannan takardar na da muradin tattaunawa a kan wasu illoli da ake ganin sun taimaka wajen gur’bacewar wasu al’adun Hausawa ta sanadiyar shigowar sababbin fasahar sadarwa a yau.

 

https://www.amsoshi.com/2017/11/08/karin-harshe-na-rukuni-nazarin-hausar-shafin-makaranta-na-jaridar-aminiya/

 

 

2.0 Waiwaye

2.1. Sadarwa:

Tantance tantagaryar ma’anar sadarwa (Communication) wani abu ne mai wuyar tantancewa a tsakanin masana ilimin sadarwa. Don haka, masana da dama sun tofa arbarkacin bakinsu dangane da tasu fahinta game da sadarwa. Misali Stephen da Foss (2008:3) sun bayyana sadarwa a matsayin wani bagire mai sark’ak’k’iyar fahinta , wadda ke da wuyan tantancewa ta fuskar ma’ana.  Aina, (2003:1) ita ma ta hak’ik’ance cewa samar da ma’anar sadarwa ta kai tsaye abu ne mai matuk’ar wahala, saboda akwai ra’ayoyi na masana da dama dangane da ma’anar sadarwa. Bello ya rawaito Pearce da Foss, (1990) sun danganta tsarin nazarin sadarwa tun lokacin Sapiya a k’arni na biyar kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah, wannan tarihin wanzuwar sadarwa ya ci gaba har zuwa lokacin Plato da Aristotal har ya zuwa karni na ashirin (20^th century) lokacin da aka kafa cibiyoyin kula da harkokin sadarwa. Domin k’arin bayani, ana iya duban aikin Miller, 1966 da Gerber,1966. A tak’aice dai zuwa 1976 Larson ya tattaro ma’anonin sadarwa fiye da d’ari da ashirin da shidda (126) daga masana daban daban.

Sadarwa wata hanya ce da ake bi domin bayyana manufar mai bayani ta yadda wanda ake yi ma bayanin zai fahinci abin ake bayani akai. Kelly (1953) yana cewa ‘Sadarwa ita ce sanya wani ya fahinci abun da kake so ya ji, ko ya yi ko ya sadu da abin da kake so ya kar’ba. Galadanci, (1990:8). Innocent, (2006:2-3) sun rawaito cewa sadarwa a tsakanin Bil’adama na nufin bayyana bayanai, hikima da d’abi’un wani zuwa wani . Emery da wasu (1976) suna ganin sadarwa ita ce duk wata hanya ta aika sak’onni wanda ya shafi kafafe daban daban musamman na zamani da ake amfani da na’u’rori wajen tacewa da rarraba sak’onnin zuwa wurare daban daban. Ugboala, (1987). A tak’aice dai sadarwa na nufin duk wata dabara da mai sak’on zai bi domin ya samu isar da sak’onsa huma a fahince shi, wani lokaci har a mayar masa da amsar sak’onsa wanda wannan na nuna an fahinci sak’on nasa kenan. Don haka, hanya ce ta fahintar juna da mu’amula ta yau da kullum a cikin al’umma.

Babbar manufar sadarwa ita ce isar da sak’o daga mai sak’on zuwa ga mai kar’bar sak’on. A al’adar Bahaushe, sadarwa ta taka muhimmiyar rawa ta fuskoki da dama musamman abin da ya shafi zamantakewarsu da d’abi’unsu da al’adunsu da kasuwancinsu da siyasarsu da dai sauran mu’amulolinsu na yau da kullum.

2.2 Al’ada

Shoremi (2002) yana da ra’ayin cewa ‘al’ada ita ce hanyar rayuwa wadda aka gada tun daga kaka da kakanni, kuma ta ke wanzuwa daga wannan al’umma zuwa waccan . Ta al’ada ne ake iya gane mutum ko shi waye , domin al’adar mutum ita za ta iya bayyana halayensa da d’abi’unsa da  k’abilarsa. Taylor, 1871 da Coom, 1951 da MC Quail, (2005:553) duk sun tafi a kan wannan ra’ayin. Al’ada tana nufin dukkanin rayuwar dan Adam tun daga haihuwarsa har zuwa kabarinsa. Bunza,( 2006: xxxii ) Ya k’ara da cewa ginshik’an rayuwar d’an Adam sune musabbabin ginuwar al’adarsa. Wad’annan matakan kuwa sune Aure da Haihuwa da Mutuwa. A kamussan Hausa an bayyana ma’anar al’ada da cewa: ‘hanyar rayuwar al’umma’ .  CNHN (2006:9). Bargery (1934) ya bayyana al’ada a matsayin d’abi’a ko hanyar rayuwa. Yakasai, (2012:33) ya rawaito Taylor (1871) ya bayyana ma’anar al’ada da cewa: ‘Al’ada ta k’unshi dukkan abubuwan da al’umma ke yi wad’anda suka had’a da ilimi da imani da fasaha da k’ere k’ere da tarbiya da horo da hani da sauran wasu halaye da d’an Adam ke yi a matsayinsa na d’an Adam . Ya k’ara rawaito Giden, (1989) wanda ke ganin al’ada  a matsayin d’abi’o’in kirki wad’anda al’umma ta aminta da su, da horo da hani da nishaantarwa da irin k’ere k’eren da alumma ke yi da hannunta. Baya ga wad’annan akwai wasu masana da dama da suka tofa albarkacin bakinsu dangane da ma’anar al’ada kamar su Nelson ,(1960) da Lado (1964) da Ibrahim (1982) da dai sauransu.

Bisa ga wad’annan ra’ayoyi na masana dangane da ma’anar al’ada, ana iya cewa, al’ada tamkar jini da tsoka ce a jikin mutum, domin kowace rayuwa ta mutum ba ta rayuwa ba, ba tare da su ba. Don haka, al’ada ita ce ginshik’in rayuwar al’umma baki d’aya.

 

3.0  Fasahar Sadarwa ta Zamani (ICT) Da Bunk’asar Al’adun Hausawa

A yau duniya baki d’aya tana cikin wani zamani da Turawa ke kira “Globalization”   watau shirin game duniya. Wannan shi ya sa Stiglitz (2006:4) yake ganin lamarin zamanantar da duniya ya k’unshi abubuwa da dama da suka had’a da wanzuwar ilimi da musanyar al’adu da lamurran tattalin arziki da siyasa a tsakanin al’ummomi mabambanta. Wannan kuwa, yana haifar da bunk’asar tattalin arziki da raya al’adun al’umma. Aina, (2003:248) ta rawaito Giddens,(1990) da Tombonson, (1999) da Bargu, (2000) suna ganin hanyar sadarwa ta (ICT) wata babbar kafa ce da ake samun had’aka da ha’baka sauran k’asashen duniya musammam abin da ya shafi lamurran yau da kullum. Cibiyar tsara dabarun yak’i ta k’asa da k’asa (CSIS) (2002:1) suna kallon lamarin zamanantar da duniya wadda (ICT) ta haifar a matsayin wata kafa da ake samun musayar ra’ayoyin jama’a ko kamfanoni ko gwamnatocin k’asashe daban daban. Tajumaiye, (2008) ya rawaito Tafowora, (1998:5) yana cewa, sha’anin zamanantar da duniya a matsayin wata hanya ta k’ok’arin bunk’asa sha’anin tattalin arziki da siyasa da yanayin zamantakewa da al’adu a tsakanin k’asashen duniya.

Babbar manufar wannan tsari shi ne k’ok’arin ha’baka yanayin rayuwar al’umma baki d’aya, ta yadda za a ba k’asahe matalauta damar hud’d’a da k’asashen waje masu arziki ta yadda za su shiga kasuwanninsu a dama da su.

Bisa ga wannan manufa ta (ICT), idan  aka gwama su da manufar rayuwar Bahaushe wadda ita ce rayuwa ingantacciya ta hanyar rik’on addini da kuma kamanta gaskiya. Akwai wasu halaye da d’abi’u wad’anda suke cikin al’adar Bahaushe wad’anda suka had’a da gaskiya da rik’on amana da zumunci da kana’a da tsentseni da kunya da kiyaye shari’a da hak’k’i da mutuncin mutane. Sulaiman, (2013:2). Ko shakka babu, wanannan tsarin na (ICT) ya haifar da bunk’asar al’adun Hausawa ta fuskoki da daban daban kamar haka:

3.1 Inganta Zumunci:

Sadar da zumunci yana daga cikin muhimmam al’adun Bahaushe, A Bahaushiyar al’ada , duk wani abu na farin ciki ya samu d’an uwa musammam abin da ya shafi Aure, Haihuwa ko Mutuwa za ka ga komin nisan wuri za a yi k’ok’arin sadar da wannan zumunci. Saboda muhimmancin wannan ga Bahaushe, ya sa zai yi amfani da dukiyarsa ko k’arfin jikinsa ya shiga mota tare da guzurinsa ko ma ya taka da k’afarsa domin ziyarar d’an uwansa. Ana cikin haka, kwasam sai ga shigowa da bunk’asar (ICT) wanda ya haifar da wanzuwar wayar hannu da harkar Intanet. Samuwar wannan ya taimaka ainun wajen bunk’asar zumunci a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa. ‘Akwai wad’anda idan ba domin wayar ba, zai yi wuya su sadu, amma kasancewar an samu wayar, ko a wane ‘bangare na duniya suke sai su yi Magana, su sada zumunci’. Almajir, (2013:9).A nan za mu ga wanzuwar fasahar sadarwa ya taimaka wajen sauk’ak’a al’adar zumunci a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa a yau.

3.2 K’ulla Kasuwanci:

Kasuwanci shi ne saye da sayarwa a kasuwa’CNHN (2006:238) Bahaushe bai yarda da zaman banza ba , don haka ya d’auki kasuwanci da muhimmanci wurin gudanar da rayuwarsa. A nan za a ga cewa (ICT) ta yi tasiri ainun ta ‘bangaren kasuwancin Bahaushe. A duniyar yau, an samu sauk’in lamurra ainun wurin kasuwanci domin a yanzu ba a buk’atar tafiya da kud’i daga gari zuwa gari, sai dai a yi amfani da katin banki ko sauran dabarun aikewa da kud’i a cibiyoyin kasuwanci daban daban na duniya. Wannan kuwa ya sa an samu sauk’in hasarar da ‘yan fashi kan kawo. A yanzu, a wasu wurare ana baje hajar kasuwancin ne a Intanet, idan kana da buk’ata sai ka yi ciniki ka biya nan take a turo maka kaya kurum. ‘ Ga masu ayyuka kamar fenti da gyare- gyare, ba su buk’atar kama shago da zarar an san lambarsu, sai a neme su da ita a duk lokacin da ake nemansu’. Almajir, (2013:9)

A ‘bangare guda, wannan ya haifar da samuwa da bunk’asar sabbin sana’o’i ga al’ummar Hausawa. Misali masu sana’ar waya da gyaranta da gidajen Intanet da sauransu, duka ana samunsu a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa a yau.

3.3  Gudunmawar wasu Shiye- shiryen Gidan Rediyo da Talebijin

Wad’annan su ma wasu ‘bangarori ne da bunk’asar sha’anin (ICT) ya yi tasiri a kansu. Gudummawa na nufin taimako na aiki ko na kud’i ko abinci ko sutura ko wani abu. CSNL Kano, (2006:171) A wannan muhallin, za a kalli irin taimakon da gidajen Rediyo da Talebijin su ka bayar a k’ok’arin ha’baka ko bunk’asa al’adun Hauswa. Garba, (2013:1) ya rawaito cewa, k’ididdiga ya nuna cewa sassan Ingilishi da Larabci ne kawai suka fi sashen Hausa yawan masu saurare daga cikin sassan harsunan duniya 27 da Rediyon BBC ke yad’a labarai da su. BBCWS,(2012). Akwai k’iyasin cewa, ‘ da wuya a k’irga Hauswa biyar (5) a birane ko k’auyuka ba a sami d’ayansu da rediyo ba. Bunza, (2006:21).

A wad’annan gidajen Rediyo da Talebijin ana gabatar da shirye shirye masu dama wad’anda suka shafi bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa. Misali a shirin aiki da hankali wanda Muryar Jama’ar Kano ke gabatarwa. Shi dai wannan shirin ana aiwatar da shi ne da harshen Hausa, kuma an gina shi ne a kan al’adun Hausawa da suka shafi abincinsu da suturarsu da muhallinsu ( shirin ranar 5-2-2013). Adamu, (2013:11) Akwai jerin ire iren wad’annan shirye shirye a gidajen Rediyo da dama kamar shirin ‘Rai dangin Goro’ na Rima Rediyo da ‘Daga Al’adunmu’na Kebbi Rediyo da dai sauran su da dama.

Ta fuskar talebijin kuwa, a nan za mu ga akwai shirye shirye da dama da gidajen Talibijin ke shiryawa wad’anda suke bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa. Haka an k’ara samun yawaitar fina finan Hausa wad’anda ke k’ok’arin watsa al’adun Hausawa a sassa daban daban na duniya, wannan kuwa a fili yake idan aka dubi irin bunk’asar da fina finan Hausa suka yi a yau. Duk wad’annan sun samu ne ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin fasahar sadarwa na zamani (ICT).

3.4  Dandulan

Intanet wata kafa ce ta amfani da kwamfuta domin isar da sak’o . Ya zuwa 1969 aka fara k’ok’arin k’irk’iro da Intanet. Guibi,(2006:3) Wannan ilimi na Intanet ya ci gaba da bunk’asa har zuwa wannan lokaci. Ummar ya rawaito Amfani, (2010) yana cewa Intanet tsari ne da ya had’a duniya ta had’akar layin iska na kwamfutoci wad’anda ke amfani da tsare tsaren yanar gizo don biya wa biliyoyin masu amfani buk’ata a fad’in duniya.

A yanzu akwai gidajen yanar sadarwa da aka gina su domin yad’a al’adun da adabin Hausawa. Wasu daga cikin masu ire iren wad’annan yanan Hausawa ne ‘yan Najeriya da ke k’asashen waje, sai kuma wad’anda ke nan gida Najeriya, kashi na uku sune Turawa masu sha’awar nazari ko bincike a kan al’adun Hausawa da harshensu. Misali dandalin www.dandali.com mallakar Dr Salisu Danyaro Soron Dinki wanda ke Amirika, da Gumel (www.gumel.com ) da gidan yanan sadarwa da aka gina don yad’a tunani da rubuce rubucen marigayi Abubakar Imam (www.abubakarimam.com ). Haka ma akwai wasu gidajen yanar gizo da ke d’auke da k’asidu masu nasaba da Arewacin Nijeriya da rayuwar Bahaushe irinsu : Gamji (www.gamji.com) wanda Dr sama’ila Iroh ya k’irk’ira. Akwai kuma shafin yanan k’ungiyar ‘yan Arewa da ke k’as ashen waje mai suna ‘Amana Foundation” (www.amanaonline.com), sai kuma Kanoline (www.kanoline.com ) wadda su Farfesa Abdullah Ubah Adamu suka assasa.

Daga cikin al’adun da ake tallatawa a wad’annan sun had’a da k’ok’arin bada bayani a kan k’asar Kano da kewayenta wanda dandalin www.kanoline.com suka samar. Wannan dandalin ya yi k’ok’arin bayanin al’adun aure da haihuwa da yanayin kasuwanci  a k’asar Kano; wannan kuwa ya had’a da sana’o’insu na gargajiya kamar rini, sak’a, jima da sauransu.

Baya ga wannan, ganin cewa rumbun kalmomi wani sinadari ne mai muhimmanci ga ci gaban al’ada, wannan ya sa an sami wani malami d’an k’asar Jafan wanda ya fassara k’amus d’in da likita Bergery ya rubuta a shekarar 1952 ya kuma sanya shi a yanar gizo da ke – http://maguzawa.dyndns.ws. Samuwar wad’annan kalmomin Hausa a dandali sun taimaka wajen bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa; musamman ganin cewa kalmomi sune k’ashin bayan bayyana kowace irin al’ada.

Akwai dad’in wasu dandula da suka yi tasiri ga al’ummar Hausawa musamman abin da ya shafi al’adunsu kamar dandalin gaskiya ta fi kwabo – http://www.newnigeriannews.com/gaskiya/index.htm, da mujallar Hausa fim – www.mujallar.fim.com, da yanan sadarwa na BBC Hausa – http://www.bbc.co.uk/hausa, da dai sauransu da dama. Wad’annan kafofi sun taimaka wajen k’ok’arin tallata wasu al’adun Hausawa a duniya ta hanyar tsara wasu shirye shirye a jaridunsu da gidajen rediyoyinsu wanda zai ilimantar da wasu al’ummomi al’adun Hausawa.

A yau za mu ga cewa, wad’annan kafofi na dandalan sun taimaka sosai wajen bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa a duniya baki d’aya ta fuskoki daban daban kamar haka:

3.5 Fad’ad’a ilimi

Ta ‘bangaren bunk’asa ilimi kuwa, a nan za a ga cewa bunk’asar fasahar ilimin sadarwa na zamani (ICT) ya yi tasiri kwarai wajen bunk’asa ilimin al’adun Hausawa a duniya baki d’aya. Musamman a nan za a ga Hauswa da ma wad’anda da ba Hausawa ba suna k’ok’arin amfani da wannan kafar domin binciko ko k’arin bayani game da wasu al’adun Hausawa. Bisa ga wannan , ganin dama can yana daga cikin al’adar Bahaushe ( watau neman ilimi) , a nan sai Bahaushe ya yi amfani da wannan damar wurin bunk’asa iliminsa musamman abin da ya shafi koyo da koyarwa. Ta fuskar koyo, a nan za a ga Bahaushe yana iya amfani da kwamfuta domoin binciken wasu fannoni na rayuwarsa baki d’aya. Misali ta wannan fanni ne na (ICT) Bahaushe yake k’ara bunk’asa yanayin sana’o’insa kamar sabbin dabarun noma na zamani da kiyo da sauransu. Haka ana amfani da wannan kafar wajen adanawa da kuma baje kolin al’adun Hausawa ga sauran k’asashen duniya. Wannan na iya jawo hankalin bak’i masu yawon bud’e ido shigowa k’asar Hausa. A k’arshe wannan zai haifar da samuwar kud’in shiga wanda zai taimaka wajen bunk’asa tattalin arzikin al’ummar Hausawa baki d’aya.

4.1 Illolin Fasahar Sadarwa ta Zamani (ICT) ga Al’adun Hausawa

Sai dai kash, duk da irin amfani da wannan tsari ya haifar mai armashi ga bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa a ‘bangarori da dama,  akwai wasu ‘bangarori da ya yi wa illoli da dama. Misali idan aka dubi irin illolin da wannan ya yi ma k’asashe masu tasowa abin akwai ban takaici. Al’adun wad’annan k’asashe an yi masu illa ainun , domin gidajen Rediyo da Talebijin da kwamfuta da mujallu da jaridu da littatafan da aka buga duk sun yi tasiri sosai wurin gur’bata al’adun al’ummar Hausawa. Domin ganin yadda ake gudanar da wad’annan kafofin yad’a labarai duk an tsara su ne bisa kwaikwayon k’asashen yamma, wanda wannan ya haifar da gur’bacewar al’adun Hausawa. Misali, idan aka d’auki tsarin wak’ok’inmu na gargajiya da wasu ‘bangarori na nishad’antarwa, abin akwai ban takaici . Haka, idan aka dubi tsarin fina finan da ke gudana a yau,  duk wannan wani tarko ne ga al’adunmu kuma koma baya ga ci gaban al’ummar Hausawa.

 

Tsiyar da ake tsulawa ta intanet ba ta misaltuwa domin a nan ake

k’ulla k’awance tsakanin samari da ‘yan mata , wani lokaci matan

aure da kwartaye nan suke had’uwa su ci karensu ba babbaka. Za a

                               shiga duk wani lungu na duniya ta Intanet , kuma a wannan yawon

                               duniya ake d’auko bak’in al’adu da ke ruguza al’adun Bahaushe a yau.

                               Nan ‘yan lud’u da mad’igo ke baje kolinsu. Hatta satar jarabawa da satar

                              kud’in banki ana yi ta Intanet, sannan ga damfara gululu’ . Guibi, (2003:7)

 

Haka idan muka dubi tsarin fina finan Hausa a yau, za a fahinci cewa bak’in al’adu sun yi tasiri a kan al’adun Hausawa. Sulaiman ya rawaito Ummu Inuwa, (2009) da Chomo, (2003) da (2005)  da Abdulk’adir duk sun dubi yadda bak’in fina finan Hausa suka yi kaka gida a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa.

  A nazarinsu an gwada cewa akwai al’adun Yarbawa

                             da Nufawa da Larabawa da Indiyawa wad’anda suka yi

                             kutse cikin al’adun Hausawa. Ana iya ganin wannan a

                             kutsen ta fannin abinci da sutura da zamantakewa. Tasirin

                            wak’e -wak’e da rawa cikin fulawowi da yi a cikin k’ungiya

                            na daga cikin bak’in al’adun Indiya da suka yi kutse cikin na

                            Hausa. Sulaiman, (2013;3)

Baya ga wannan, fasahar (ICT) ta haifar da wata kafa ta yawan kallace kallacen fina finan batsa da ta’addanci a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa. Wannan ya haifar dagur’bacewar al’adun ‘ya’yan Hausawa a yau ta fuskoki da dama da suka had’a da : ‘bata yara, ma’ana sanin namiji da d’iya mace kan yi kafin yin aure da d’aukar ciki kafin yin aure da yawautar kamuwa da cututtuka da k’ok’arin d’aukar fansa maimakon yafiya da sauransu. Haka a fili yake cewa, ana samun k’ok’arin gwada abin da matasa suka kalla a rayuwarsu ta zahiri, wannan kuwa na haifar da yawaitar fyad’e da fashi da makami wani lokaci har da kisan kai, wad’annan kuwa duk sun kauce wa horarwar al’adar Bahaushe.

Bugu da k’ari, bunk’asar wayar hannu da sauran na’urorin sadarwa na zamani sun haifar da wasu matsaloli a cikin al’ummar Hausawa. Misali idan aka dubi wayar hannu,  za a ga cewa tana haifar da wasu matsaloli da dama a cikin al’ummar Hausawa da suka had’a da : Tonon silili da zargi da shirya k’arya da haddasa had’arin abin hawa da satar jarabawa da haddasa matsalar aure da yad’a jita –jita a tsakanin al’umma da k’aruwar munanan d’abi’u a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa da dai sauransu. Umar, (2012:119-127) Wad’annan kuwa duk ana iya fahintarsu idan aka yi nazarin yadda al’ummar Hausawa ke mu’amula da na’urorin sadarwa na fasahar zamani a yau.

Haka yana daga cikin illolin da fasahar sadarwa suka haifar ga al’adun Hausawa, shi ne matsalar yawan k’aryace k’aryace a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa. Kafin bunk’asar wannan fasahar sadarwa, Bahaushe an san shi da tsentseni wurin fad’in gaskiya ga duk wani al’amarinsa, amma a yanzu za ka tarar cewa Hausawa sun tsunduma wurin yin k’arya musammam ta amfani da wayar hannu, kuma ga burga da nuna alfahari a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa. A yau ta kai har gasar sayen babban waya ake yi a tsakanin matasa ta yadda za a fidda wadda ta fi tsada. Wannan na haifar da sace- sacen dukiyar mahaifa daga ‘ya’yansu wai don kurum su sayi waya mai tsada ko kwamfuta ta zamani.

Baya ga wannan, idan aka dubi tsarin al’adar neman auren Bahaushe, a yau za mu ga wannan fasahar sadarwar zamani (ICT) ta yi tasiri a kan su sosai. Domin a yanzu ana amfani da kafofi daban daban na had’a soyayya a tskanin saurayi da budurwa ko da kuwa iyayen ba su so ba.

   Misali soyayya tsakanin maza da mata, musammam matan

                               da iyayensu suka hana su fita don gudun miyagun k’awaye. A

                               yau an sami k’aruwar karuwanci, domin wasu mata na ganin

                              sun cancanci rik’a wayar hannu, saboda haka, sukan mallake ta

                              ta kowace hanya, su kuwa maza sun sami tarkon kama tashar mata.

                             Umar, (2012:70)

Wannan ya taimaka wajen yawaitar neman mata a tsakanin al’ummar Hausawa, domin a nan ne suke musayan nambobinsu na waya da na Email da sauransu domin musayar Magana a tsakaninsu wanda a k’arshe zai iya ba su damar ke’bantuwa su rik’a aikata miyagun ayyuka.

Wata babbar illa da ake ganin wannan kafa ta (ICT) ta haifar ga al’umma baki d’aya ita ce yadda ake ganin suna ta’ba kwakwalwar d’an Adam. Umar,(2012:68) ya rawaito Farfesa Patrick Harggard yana cewa: ‘Binciken na da muhimmanci domin a yanzu haka mun san cewa wayar salula na iya illa ga kwakwalwa. Mun dai lura cewa illar na rage zurfin tunani. Har wa yau, idan mun k’ara bincike za mu ga cewa wayar salula ba ta da wata mumunar illa ga kwakwalwa, dole mu k’ara wani bincike mu ga ko tana da illa ga rayuwar dan Adam’. Wannan binciken ya gano cewa sanya na’urorin sauti a kunne yana haddasa matsalar ji, da kuma yawan kallon hasken kwamfuta shi ma yana haifar da illar ganin mai yawan amfani da kwamfuta.

 

 

 Kammlawa

A yau duniya baki d’ayanta ta zama tamkar wata ‘yar tunga ko k’auye wadda aka had’a dukkanin al’ummar duniya a cikinta. Wannan kuwa, na faruwa ne saboda bunk’asar fasahar sadarwa ta zamani watau (ICT). Al’ummar Hausawa kamar sauran al’ummomin duniya su ma ba a bar su a baya ba wurin shiga wannan k’auyen (globalization) na duniya ta fuskoki daban daban. A k’ok’arin fahintar irin tasirin da wannan fasahar sadarwa ta zamani ta haifar a al’ummar Hausawa musammam abin da ya shafi al’adunsu, wannnan mak’alar ta yi k’ok’arin yin fashin bak’in wasu muhimman kalmomi daga taken muk’alar watau sadarwa da ita kanta al’ada. Haka takardar ta gano irin muhimmancin da ke tatttare a cikin wannan fasahar sadarwa ta zamani (ITC) musamman wajen bunk’asa wasu al’adun Hausawa. Wad’anda suka had’a da: Inganta zumunci da k’ulla dangantakar kasuwanci da gudun mawar wasu shirye shiryen gidan Rediyo da Talebijin da fad’ad’a bunk’asar ilimi da dai sauransu.

Duk da irin nasarorin da wannan fasahar sadarwa ta zamani (ICT) ta samar wurin bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa, a d’ayan ‘bangaren kuwa,takardar ta hango illolin tsarin wajen gur’bacewar wasu al’adun Hausawa. A tak’aice dai wannan mak’alar ta gano cewa duk da irin dimbin nasarorin da fasahar sadarwa ta zamani (ICT) ta kawo wurin bunk’asa al’adun Hausawa, akwai wasu ‘bangarori da dama da wannan kafar ta kawo wa illa dangane da bunk’asar al’adun Hausawa.

https://www.amsoshi.com/2017/09/30/zumuntar-bahaushe-a-zamanin-gsm/

 

 

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[i] Domin k’arin bayani a dubi aikin Zaruk,( 1986)  da Galadanci, (1990) da Abubakar (1992) da Lawal, (2007).